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Solid dosage forms
Solid dosage forms

formulation and evaluation of effervescent granules of an anti
formulation and evaluation of effervescent granules of an anti

... exposure of effervescence in such a manner has been shown to release water of hydration from dextrose monohydrate, thus giving a convenient means of adding water and then ‘activating’ it to perform rapid moisture stability studies. After thermal stressing, tablets were given a rating from 0–7 (least ...
Demystifying Analytical Approaches for Urine Drug Testing to
Demystifying Analytical Approaches for Urine Drug Testing to

... provided for testing, and the analytical test characteristics all influence both the likelihood of drug detection and interpretation of results. A highly adherent (compliant) patient with a well preserved and appropriately collected specimen could be faced with an unexpected drug testing result. See ...
pharmacy technician ce library - Minnesota Pharmacists Association
pharmacy technician ce library - Minnesota Pharmacists Association

... • Maximizing Patient Interaction at the Pharmacy Counter: OTC Medications for Allergic Rhinitis and the Common Cold For many Americans, OTC medications are accessible, relied upon, and effective. In fact, an estimated 240 million people in the United States currently use OTC medicines, and 25% of th ...
PDF (Injection of synthetic cathinones)
PDF (Injection of synthetic cathinones)

... Helsinki area. Of a sample of 100 ‘marginalised drug users’, 54 reported using MDPV in the past year and of these 96 % had injected the drug (Tammi et al., 2011). There is additional limited data on the use of cathinones or more generally of NPS by people who inject drugs, but where the route of adm ...
Innovation Track: Pharmacogenomics
Innovation Track: Pharmacogenomics

... • Roughly $403 billion per year is wasted on useless or less effective prescriptions and supplements.2 • Americans see their doctors more than 890 million times each year, and two-thirds of office visits to physicians result in prescription drug therapy.3 ...
Drug-scavenging Liposomes Attenuate the
Drug-scavenging Liposomes Attenuate the

... from their initial role to manage local anesthetic systemic toxicity. Their mechanism, although not yet characterized, can be partially explained by the “lipid sink” theory, according to which the fat emulsion provides an additional vascular compartment that draw tissue-bound hydrophobic toxins int ...
formulation and evalution of medicated chewing gum of
formulation and evalution of medicated chewing gum of

... Chewing Gum has been used for centuries to clean the mouth and freshen breath. Medicated Chewing Gums are solid, single dose preparations with a base consisting mainly of gum that is intended to be chewed but not swallowed. They contain one or more active substance which released by chewing and are ...
Chapter-1 Introduction
Chapter-1 Introduction

... dosage regimen and the drug delivery system. Previous studies on structurally diverse drugs have also revealed that subject variableness in bioavailability was indirectly proportional to the extent of bioavailability which implies higher subject variability for poorer bioavailable drugs (Hellriegel ...
- Journal of SOPI
- Journal of SOPI

... Everyday life in the world of business, in this case of Honda: they were putting their goods on display to the best possible advantage, to catch the attention of as many potential customers as possible. The Great Marketing Enterprise Now this is a very low-level anecdote from a sleepy old man in a p ...
ASYMMETRIC MEMBRANE CAPSULE (AMC): AN USEFUL OSMOTIC DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM
ASYMMETRIC MEMBRANE CAPSULE (AMC): AN USEFUL OSMOTIC DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM

... independent of pH and other physiological factors11. Advantages of asymmetric membrane capsules (AMC), over other controlled drug delivery systems are given below: 1. They are easy to formulate and there is no requirement of special manufacturing devices like laser drilling machines in case of osmot ...
ICH, WHO AND SUPAC GUIDELINES  ICH GUIDELINES
ICH, WHO AND SUPAC GUIDELINES ICH GUIDELINES

... ICH is a joint initiative involving both regulators and industry as equal partners in the scientific and technical discussions of the testing procedures which are required to ensure and assess the safety, quality and efficacy of medicines. The focus of ICH has been on the technical requirements for ...
Recommendations for TDM - Auburn University College of
Recommendations for TDM - Auburn University College of

... Why a population “therapeutic range” may be irrelevant to your patient: The therapeutic range of anticonvulsants is a population statistic and as such, should not be used as an indication of therapeutic failure if your patient has not responded despite concentrations being in a population “therapeut ...
Overview of Oral Modified-Release Opioid Products for
Overview of Oral Modified-Release Opioid Products for

... formulation to be used.1,2,7 For example, the short elimination half-life of opioids such as morphine, hydromorphone, and oxycodone require that these agents be administered frequently to achieve around-the-clock analgesia, which makes them excellent candidates for modified-release formulations. Con ...
Me-too drugs: is there a problem
Me-too drugs: is there a problem

... for most patients, while others are better for a substantial fraction of patients. The increased choice between drugs can be very valuable, particularly for patients for whom the pioneer drug is ineffective or entails undesirable side effects.2 In addition, for some classes of drugs, such as antibio ...
OVERVIEW
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... inactivating (blocking) their functions and altering their biological responses. Drug interaction with molecular targets is the initiating event in a multistep process that ultimately alters tissue function. For most drugs, the site of action is a specific macromolecule, generally termed a receptor ...
05-dhamesha prakash
05-dhamesha prakash

... probably called a ―xerogel‘ or ―the polymer component of hydrogel‖ rather than ―dry ...
adverse drug events - Case Western Reserve University School of
adverse drug events - Case Western Reserve University School of

... involved both in monitoring for and reporting such events ...
Principles of Metered-Dose Inhaler Design
Principles of Metered-Dose Inhaler Design

... the propellant mixture, the presence of other excipients (surfactants and other inactive components of the formulation), and ambient temperature. Recently, the use of CFCs was banned under international agreement, because the release of chlorine during their degradation damages the ozone layer in th ...
Initial Severity and Antidepressant Benefits: A Meta-Analysis
Initial Severity and Antidepressant Benefits: A Meta-Analysis

1 Drug Absorption, Distribution and Elimination
1 Drug Absorption, Distribution and Elimination

... allow the slow continuous release of drugs. Other formulations may permit the release of fixed doses of a drug at regular intervals. Some preparations are osmotically active, or incorporate an ion-exchange resin that allows drugs to be released in solution at a defined ionic concentration and pH. Th ...
Chapter-1 Introduction 1.1 INTRODUCTION
Chapter-1 Introduction 1.1 INTRODUCTION

... any orally-administered dosage form. Less commonly, active pharmaceutical ingredients to be incorporated are tasteless and do not require taste masking. Taste masking of bitter drugs become necessity in case of oral administration and selection of technology depends upon the bitterness of drugs and ...
Drug Therapy
Drug Therapy

... B. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine C. * Blood pressure D. Level of consciousness E. Pressure within the heart Cause a decrease in liver triacylglycerol synthesis by limiting available free fatty acids needed as building blocks for this pathway: A. Cholestyramine B. * Niacin C. Clofibrate D. ...
17 DEC 2002 Memorandum
17 DEC 2002 Memorandum

... dietary supplementin that Hirudo powder is not a “dietary ingredient”as defined in 2 1 U.S.C. 32 1(ff). Hirudo powder is not a vitamin, mineral, herb or other botanical, amino acid, dietary substancefor use by man to supplementthe diet by increasingthe total dietary intake, or a concentrate,metaboli ...
How FDA Approves Drugs and Regulates Their Safety and
How FDA Approves Drugs and Regulates Their Safety and

... surveillance, drug studies, risk management, information dissemination, off-label use, and directto-consumer advertising, all topics in which Congress has traditionally been interested. FDA seeks to ensure product integrity through product and facility registration; inspections; chain-of-custody doc ...
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Compounding

Pharmaceutical compounding (done in compounding pharmacies) is the creation of a particular pharmaceutical product to fit the unique need of a patient. To do this, compounding pharmacists combine or process appropriate ingredients using various tools. This may be done for medically necessary reasons, such as to change the form of the medication from a solid pill to a liquid, to avoid a non-essential ingredient that the patient is allergic to, or to obtain the exact dose(s) needed or deemed best of particular active pharmaceutical ingredient(s). It may also be done for more optional reasons, such as adding flavors to a medication or otherwise altering taste or texture. Compounding is most routine in the case of intravenous/parenteral medication, typically by hospital pharmacists, but is also offered by privately owned compounding pharmacies and certain retail pharmacies for various forms of medication. Whether routine or rare, intravenous or oral, etc., when a given drug product is made or modified to have characteristics that are specifically prescribed for an individual patient, it is known as ""traditional"" compounding.Due to the rising cost of compounding and the shortage of drugs, many hospitals have shown a tendency to rely more upon large-scale compounding pharmacies to meet their regular requirement, particularly of sterile-injectable medications. When compounding is done on bulk production of a given formulation rather than patient-specific production, it is known as ""non-traditional"" compounding (which, as discussed below, is arguably not ""compounding"" but rather ""manufacturing""). This development raises concerns about patient safety and makes a case for proper regulatory control and monitoring.
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