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8th Lecture 1433
8th Lecture 1433

...  A- Factors related to drug a) Physicochemical properties: 1-Degree of ionization: highly ionized drugs are poorly absorbed. 2-Degree of solubility: High lipid/water partition coefficient increases absorption. 3-Chemical nature: inorganic iron is better absorbed than organic iron. 4-Valency: ferrou ...
Επίδραση και κατανοµή ναρκωτικών ουσιών στον εγκέφαλο κατά την
Επίδραση και κατανοµή ναρκωτικών ουσιών στον εγκέφαλο κατά την

... o Inhalants are breathable chemical vapors that users intentionally inhale because of the chemicals' mind-altering effects. o The substances inhaled are often common household products that contain volatile solvents, aerosols, or gases. o Most inhalants produce a rapid high that resembles alcohol in ...
TIAFT 2012 Urinal study_final
TIAFT 2012 Urinal study_final

...  An on-line survey, conducted over the same period by ...
response to member and stakeholder feedback
response to member and stakeholder feedback

... under the RHPA. The circulated amendments did not request the authority to sell drugs, as the College does not believe that there is any public interest need for optometrists to sell drugs. At the suggestion of other regulated health colleges, the College would like to make this point more explicit. ...
Advanced Pharmacology-I (PHR5001) Introduction to Pharmacology
Advanced Pharmacology-I (PHR5001) Introduction to Pharmacology

... • The time needed for a drug's level in the blood stream to go down to one half its beginning level. In the simplest case, the body may be considered as a single compartment of a size equal to the volume of distribution (Vd). The time course of drug in the body will depend on both the volume of dist ...
Module 4
Module 4

... 54. Parenteral calcium is used as an antidote for which of the following situations? a. Verapamil overdoses b. Hyperkalemia c. Cocaine intoxication d. Verapamil overdoses and hyperkalemia Parenteral calcium is used to reverse the cardiac effects of calcium channel blocker overuse and hyperkalemia. ...
Adverse effects of antimuscarinic drugs
Adverse effects of antimuscarinic drugs

... . Initially this produces short-lasting muscle fasciculation, followed within a few minutes by muscle paralysis. does not produce a ganglionic block, except in high doses, although it does have weak histamine-releasing action ...
Lec.7-311-1
Lec.7-311-1

... • Strategies designed to target drugs to particular cells or tissues are likely to lead to safer drugs with fewer side effects. • Drugs can be linked to amino acids or nucleic acid bases to target them against fast-growing and rapidly divided cells. • Drugs can be targeted to the GIT by making them ...
Drug Elimination
Drug Elimination

... Most drugs, unless highly bound to plasma protein, cross the glomerular filter freely. Many drugs, especially weak acids and weak bases, are actively secreted into the renal tubule and thus more rapidly excreted. Lipid-soluble drugs are passively reabsorbed by diffusion across the tubule, so are not ...
CLUB DRUGS
CLUB DRUGS

... sense of alertness like that associated with amphetamine use The stimulant effects of MDMA, which enable users to dance for extended periods, may also lead to dehydration, hypertension, and heart or kidney failure ...
CLUB DRUGS
CLUB DRUGS

... sense of alertness like that associated with amphetamine use The stimulant effects of MDMA, which enable users to dance for extended periods, may also lead to dehydration, hypertension, and heart or kidney failure ...
thiazide diuretics - Christchurch Drug Information Service
thiazide diuretics - Christchurch Drug Information Service

... breastfeeding infant, particularly in very young or premature babies. Thiazide, thiazide-like and loop diuretics are suggested to suppress lactation[1] . It is not clear what risks this poses for a woman who is established in lactation. The study investigating the effect of bendrofluazide on lactati ...
shands - UF Health Professionals
shands - UF Health Professionals

... or increased use patterns for drug products. Changes in production can be caused by a shortage of raw materials, damage to a production plant, or, most often, quality control problems that cause the FDA to stop production. Voluntary or mandatory recalls can cause havoc when there are few and/ or les ...
Document
Document

... adrenaline (肾上腺素) and noradrenaline (去甲肾上腺素). Widely distributed, being responsible for control of the stimulation and relaxation of muscle, including the heart. Mediate the control of cardiac function by the sympathetic nervous system; the parasympathetic nervous system control is mediated by musca ...
and Drug Interactions
and Drug Interactions

...  Notify anesthesiologist of MG prior to surgery ...
Absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion
Absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion

...  Vd is not a real volume, small volume indicates extensive plasma protein binding, but large volume indicates extensive tissue binding.  Vd is increased by increased tissue binding, decreased plasma binding and increased lipid solubility.  N.B. in average 70 kg adult, the total body water is 42 l ...
click here for presentation
click here for presentation

... • Discuss adverse effects of medications and  their impact on treatment plans • Discuss new medications and their impact on  the elderly • Discuss new medications, adverse effects, or  restrictions for the general population ...
Prescription of drugs contraindicated in children: a national
Prescription of drugs contraindicated in children: a national

... For each drug contraindicated, the reason given in the SPC for the contraindication for age was classified as “toxic effects described in children”, “insufficient data for use in children”, “unsuitable dosage strength or formulation for the age” or no explanation given. Moreover, to investigate avoi ...
Summary The Food and Drug Administration
Summary The Food and Drug Administration

... directs the Secretary to establish an active postmarket drug surveillance infrastructure. Title IX also includes the “pay for” needed for the legislation. The reauthorization of pediatric exclusivity costs $200 million over 10 years. The legislation includes modifications to the citizens’ petition p ...
Recreational Drugs And Anti-HIV Medication
Recreational Drugs And Anti-HIV Medication

... faster: it is not clear what this means for users. Ecstasy & Speed It is difficult to predict interactions of these drugs with protease inhibitors, as they are themselves a cocktail and the formulas can vary. Ecstasy is metabolised (processed) in the liver using a pathway that is partially blocked b ...
Pharmacokinetics of strong opioids
Pharmacokinetics of strong opioids

... concentration in GIT is greater than in the blood ...
DRUGS OF ABUSE
DRUGS OF ABUSE

... with male athletes because they believe they will be more powerful. 4-Research shows no measureable effect on free or total testosterone, 5-but HDL levels dropped and plasma estrogens rose. 6- No measurable effect has been noted on athletic performance. ...
performance enhancing drugs
performance enhancing drugs

... with male athletes because they believe they will be more powerful. 4-Research shows no measureable effect on free or total testosterone, 5-but HDL levels dropped and plasma estrogens rose. 6- No measurable effect has been noted on athletic performance. ...
Rational use of anti-tuberculosis drugs in the EU: better EDITORIAL
Rational use of anti-tuberculosis drugs in the EU: better EDITORIAL

... The need for new TB drugs for treating drug-resistant TB is greater than ever and some progress is being made in new drug discovery and development, albeit slowly [20]. The new TB drug discovery pipeline appears promising; however, there are only two new classes of drugs, which are currently undergo ...
Pharmacology Jeopardy Part 1
Pharmacology Jeopardy Part 1

... – Occurs in sulfonamides and other drugs that are normally highly bound to albumin in adults ...
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Orphan drug

An orphan drug is a pharmaceutical agent that has been developed specifically to treat a rare medical condition, the condition itself being referred to as an orphan disease.In the US and EU it is easier to gain marketing approval for an orphan drug, and there may be other financial incentives, such as extended exclusivity periods, all intended to encourage the development of drugs which might otherwise lack a sufficient profit motive. The assignment of orphan status to a disease and to any drugs developed to treat it is a matter of public policy in many countries, and has resulted in medical breakthroughs that may not have otherwise been achieved due to the economics of drug research and development.According to Thomson Reuters in their 2012 publication ""The Economic Power of Orphan Drugs"", there has been increased investing in orphan drug Research and Development partly due to the U. S. Orphan Drug Act (ODA) 1983 and similar Acts in other regions of the world and also driven by ""high-profile philanthropic funding."" The period between 2001 to 2011 was the ""most productive period in the history of orphan drug development, in terms of average annual orphan drug designations and orphan drug approvals."" For the same decade the compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of the orphan drugs was an ""impressive 25.8 percent, compared to only 20.1 percent for a matched control group of non-orphan drugs."" By 2012 the market for orphan drugs was worth USD$637 million compared to the USD$638 million matched control group of non-orphan drugs, Thomson Reuters.By 2012, ""the revenue-generating potential of orphan drugs [was] as great as for non-orphan drugs, even though patient populations for rare diseases are significantly smaller. Moreover, we suggest that orphan drugs have greater profitability when considered in the full context of developmental drivers including government financial incentives, smaller clinical trial sizes, shorter clinical trial times and higher rates of regulatory success.""
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