- Wiley Online Library
... which an audible clicking sound immediately preceded the delivery of food to food-deprived rats on a time-based schedule. In a second phase, a lever was introduced into the experimental chamber, and lever presses resulted in the delivery of the audible click, but food was no longer delivered. Result ...
... which an audible clicking sound immediately preceded the delivery of food to food-deprived rats on a time-based schedule. In a second phase, a lever was introduced into the experimental chamber, and lever presses resulted in the delivery of the audible click, but food was no longer delivered. Result ...
A COMPARISON OF TWO PAIRING PROCEDURES
... which an audible clicking sound immediately preceded the delivery of food to food-deprived rats on a time-based schedule. In a second phase, a lever was introduced into the experimental chamber, and lever presses resulted in the delivery of the audible click, but food was no longer delivered. Result ...
... which an audible clicking sound immediately preceded the delivery of food to food-deprived rats on a time-based schedule. In a second phase, a lever was introduced into the experimental chamber, and lever presses resulted in the delivery of the audible click, but food was no longer delivered. Result ...
Chapter 7 — Learning: How Nurture Changes Us
... are high that you did - then you’ve experienced something that we all take for granted much of the time: learning (the answers in order, by the way, are b, c, c, and a). By learning, we mean a change in an organism’s behavior or thought as a result of experience. As we discovered in Chapter 4, when ...
... are high that you did - then you’ve experienced something that we all take for granted much of the time: learning (the answers in order, by the way, are b, c, c, and a). By learning, we mean a change in an organism’s behavior or thought as a result of experience. As we discovered in Chapter 4, when ...
Organismal Ecology Organismal Ecology = Autecology
... – Impossible to maximize both energy intake and efficiency of energy use, other risks, etc. – Which is better? Both successful today! ...
... – Impossible to maximize both energy intake and efficiency of energy use, other risks, etc. – Which is better? Both successful today! ...
Santos_bu_0017N_11140 - OpenBU
... palatable food within short periods of time accompanied by loss of control over eating. Extensive evidence provides support for the consideration of binge eating disorder as an addiction-like disorder. In this study, we wanted to determine whether rats undergoing an operant binge-like eating procedu ...
... palatable food within short periods of time accompanied by loss of control over eating. Extensive evidence provides support for the consideration of binge eating disorder as an addiction-like disorder. In this study, we wanted to determine whether rats undergoing an operant binge-like eating procedu ...
Interaction of goal-directed and Pavlovian systems in aversive domains
... has been shown in animal experimental paradigms in which the activation of Pavlovian responses dramatically impaired goal-directed performance. For instance, Hershberger (1986) showed that chickens do not learn to run away from a source of food that they can see through a “looking glass” in order to ...
... has been shown in animal experimental paradigms in which the activation of Pavlovian responses dramatically impaired goal-directed performance. For instance, Hershberger (1986) showed that chickens do not learn to run away from a source of food that they can see through a “looking glass” in order to ...
In Honor of I. P. Pavlov
... to a much more important process. I was recapitulating Pavlov’s history, for he had also studied ingestion before moving on to conditioned reflexes. (Skinner, 1979, p. 87) ...
... to a much more important process. I was recapitulating Pavlov’s history, for he had also studied ingestion before moving on to conditioned reflexes. (Skinner, 1979, p. 87) ...
Chapter 6 (Learning).
... Intermittent (partial) reinforcement: When a designated response is reinforced only some of the time Given an equal number of reinforcements, intermittent reinforcement makes a response more resistant to extinction Types of intermittent reinforcement: Fixed-ratio schedule: The reinforcer is given af ...
... Intermittent (partial) reinforcement: When a designated response is reinforced only some of the time Given an equal number of reinforcements, intermittent reinforcement makes a response more resistant to extinction Types of intermittent reinforcement: Fixed-ratio schedule: The reinforcer is given af ...
Associative foundation of causal learning in rats
... the candidate cause may simply reflect associative chains reaching back from the valued effect. However, if this were true, the same analysis could be equally applicable to goaldirected behavior in humans. We do not view associative accounts of goal-directed behavior as an alternative to causal lear ...
... the candidate cause may simply reflect associative chains reaching back from the valued effect. However, if this were true, the same analysis could be equally applicable to goaldirected behavior in humans. We do not view associative accounts of goal-directed behavior as an alternative to causal lear ...
Psychological Disorders
... Freud believed that abnormal behavior arises from unconscious conflicts arising during childhood that remain unresolved. These conflicts result from the need to control instinctual sexual and aggressive impulses arising from the unconscious mind or to channel them into socially acceptable outlets. P ...
... Freud believed that abnormal behavior arises from unconscious conflicts arising during childhood that remain unresolved. These conflicts result from the need to control instinctual sexual and aggressive impulses arising from the unconscious mind or to channel them into socially acceptable outlets. P ...
BASIC PRINCIPLES OF LEARNING Multiple
... 54. The children in your therapy group are being rewarded with chocolate drops. Every time a child talks about feelings, you let them take a chocolate drop from the candy dish. After several sessions, you notice that one child is not responding and shows little interest in the reward. What might you ...
... 54. The children in your therapy group are being rewarded with chocolate drops. Every time a child talks about feelings, you let them take a chocolate drop from the candy dish. After several sessions, you notice that one child is not responding and shows little interest in the reward. What might you ...
Chapter 4 - Bakersfield College
... These four graphs show the typical pattern of responding for both fixed and variable interval and ratio schedules of reinforcement. The responses are cumulative, which means new responses are added to those that come before, and all graphs begin after the learned pattern is well established. Slash m ...
... These four graphs show the typical pattern of responding for both fixed and variable interval and ratio schedules of reinforcement. The responses are cumulative, which means new responses are added to those that come before, and all graphs begin after the learned pattern is well established. Slash m ...
Loeber et al. ODD CD 2000
... and breaking into a building were most predictive of CD. In addition, they found that for girls, fighting and cruel behavior were atypical symptoms and were most ...
... and breaking into a building were most predictive of CD. In addition, they found that for girls, fighting and cruel behavior were atypical symptoms and were most ...
PSYC2011 Exam Notes Instrumental conditioning • Also called
... - Relative behavioural property - Reinforcement depends on current preference of the individual (reinforcement is dynamic) ...
... - Relative behavioural property - Reinforcement depends on current preference of the individual (reinforcement is dynamic) ...
B. F. Skinner - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
... of Reinforcement to Thorndike’s Law of Effect.[26] Skinner was an advocate of behavioral engineering and he thought that people should be controlled through the systematic allocation of external rewards.[27] Skinner believed that behavior is maintained from one condition to another through similar o ...
... of Reinforcement to Thorndike’s Law of Effect.[26] Skinner was an advocate of behavioral engineering and he thought that people should be controlled through the systematic allocation of external rewards.[27] Skinner believed that behavior is maintained from one condition to another through similar o ...
The Relationship of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and
... include familial. social, environmental, and biologicallgenetic factors; this article will address specific variables such as parenting. peer relations. socioeconomic status (SES), personal characteristics, and heredity. Each of these factors can exert its influence individually or in the form of mu ...
... include familial. social, environmental, and biologicallgenetic factors; this article will address specific variables such as parenting. peer relations. socioeconomic status (SES), personal characteristics, and heredity. Each of these factors can exert its influence individually or in the form of mu ...
Optimisation of cognitive performance in rodent operant
... Thus, the choice of reinforcer can be important in such studies, for a number of reasons. For example, researchers may wish to select reinforcers that elicit high rates of responding in order to minimize training times, thereby enhancing throughput. Therefore, the efficiency of a particular operant ...
... Thus, the choice of reinforcer can be important in such studies, for a number of reasons. For example, researchers may wish to select reinforcers that elicit high rates of responding in order to minimize training times, thereby enhancing throughput. Therefore, the efficiency of a particular operant ...
Optimisation of cognitive performance in rodent operant
... Thus, the choice of reinforcer can be important in such studies, for a number of reasons. For example, researchers may wish to select reinforcers that elicit high rates of responding in order to minimize training times, thereby enhancing throughput. Therefore, the efficiency of a particular operant ...
... Thus, the choice of reinforcer can be important in such studies, for a number of reasons. For example, researchers may wish to select reinforcers that elicit high rates of responding in order to minimize training times, thereby enhancing throughput. Therefore, the efficiency of a particular operant ...
Learning - cloudfront.net
... has helped psychologists understand how basic fears are developed. Operant conditioning shows how consequences inform our behaviors, leading to us learning desirable behaviors. Operant conditioning has helped psychologists explain and modify undesirable behaviors into desirable ones. Observational l ...
... has helped psychologists understand how basic fears are developed. Operant conditioning shows how consequences inform our behaviors, leading to us learning desirable behaviors. Operant conditioning has helped psychologists explain and modify undesirable behaviors into desirable ones. Observational l ...
PDF
... available as soon as the ongoing train ended. The level of each independent variable (PD: 1, 3, and 10 ms; PI: 0.1, 1, and 10 mW; PF: 8, 20, and 50 Hz) was changed every 15 min, testing 3 levels in ascending order in one session and then in reversed (descending) order in another session. Thus, effec ...
... available as soon as the ongoing train ended. The level of each independent variable (PD: 1, 3, and 10 ms; PI: 0.1, 1, and 10 mW; PF: 8, 20, and 50 Hz) was changed every 15 min, testing 3 levels in ascending order in one session and then in reversed (descending) order in another session. Thus, effec ...
Classical Conditioning
... very different type of performance. This is an example of a fifth unformalized principle of scientific c practice, but one which has at least been named. Walter Cannon described it with a word invented by Horace Walpole:serendipity the art of finding one thing while looking for something else. ...
... very different type of performance. This is an example of a fifth unformalized principle of scientific c practice, but one which has at least been named. Walter Cannon described it with a word invented by Horace Walpole:serendipity the art of finding one thing while looking for something else. ...
Chapter 5
... These four graphs show the typical pattern of responding for both fixed and variable interval and ratio schedules of reinforcement. The responses are cumulative, which means new responses are added to those that come before, and all graphs begin after the learned pattern is well established. Slash m ...
... These four graphs show the typical pattern of responding for both fixed and variable interval and ratio schedules of reinforcement. The responses are cumulative, which means new responses are added to those that come before, and all graphs begin after the learned pattern is well established. Slash m ...
Elicited Behavior and Classical Conditioning
... this, it is necessary, however, to fulfill two basic conditions: – Removal of the negative association attached to tinnitus perception. – Preservation of tinnitus detection (but not necessary perception) during treatment. ...
... this, it is necessary, however, to fulfill two basic conditions: – Removal of the negative association attached to tinnitus perception. – Preservation of tinnitus detection (but not necessary perception) during treatment. ...
psych mod 9 terms
... to produce a response that was originally produced by a different stimulus. Law of effect- if some random actions are followed by a pleasurable consequence or reward, such actions are strengthened and will likely occur in the future. Operant conditioning- a kind of learning in which the consequences ...
... to produce a response that was originally produced by a different stimulus. Law of effect- if some random actions are followed by a pleasurable consequence or reward, such actions are strengthened and will likely occur in the future. Operant conditioning- a kind of learning in which the consequences ...
Characteristics of Demagoguery
... long as they are f ramed as a return to or strengthening of “conventional” or “traditional” values. While authoritarians say they are strongly in f avor of “traditional” values, those values are of ten of very recent origin. In other words, “traditional” is not a historical claim (that is, a claim t ...
... long as they are f ramed as a return to or strengthening of “conventional” or “traditional” values. While authoritarians say they are strongly in f avor of “traditional” values, those values are of ten of very recent origin. In other words, “traditional” is not a historical claim (that is, a claim t ...