- Wiley Online Library
... then presenting the previously neutral stimulus contingent on a new response to determine whether that stimulus increases responding. For example, Skinner (1938) described a study in which an audible clicking sound immediately preceded the delivery of food to food-deprived rats on a time-based sched ...
... then presenting the previously neutral stimulus contingent on a new response to determine whether that stimulus increases responding. For example, Skinner (1938) described a study in which an audible clicking sound immediately preceded the delivery of food to food-deprived rats on a time-based sched ...
Optimisation of cognitive performance in rodent operant
... advantageous to select effective reinforcers to minimize training times and maximize experimental throughput. To quantitatively investigate the control of behavior by different reinforcers, performance of mice was tested with either strawberry milkshake or a known powerful reinforcer, super sacchari ...
... advantageous to select effective reinforcers to minimize training times and maximize experimental throughput. To quantitatively investigate the control of behavior by different reinforcers, performance of mice was tested with either strawberry milkshake or a known powerful reinforcer, super sacchari ...
Optimisation of cognitive performance in rodent operant
... advantageous to select effective reinforcers to minimize training times and maximize experimental throughput. To quantitatively investigate the control of behavior by different reinforcers, performance of mice was tested with either strawberry milkshake or a known powerful reinforcer, super sacchari ...
... advantageous to select effective reinforcers to minimize training times and maximize experimental throughput. To quantitatively investigate the control of behavior by different reinforcers, performance of mice was tested with either strawberry milkshake or a known powerful reinforcer, super sacchari ...
ExamView - Unit 6 Practice.tst
... 18. An integrated understanding of associative learning in terms of genetic predispositions, culturally learned preferences, and the predictability of certain associations is most clearly provided by a. Pavlov's experiments. b. Watson's behaviorism. c. a biopsychosocial approach. d. the law of effec ...
... 18. An integrated understanding of associative learning in terms of genetic predispositions, culturally learned preferences, and the predictability of certain associations is most clearly provided by a. Pavlov's experiments. b. Watson's behaviorism. c. a biopsychosocial approach. d. the law of effec ...
Pavlov and Skinner: Two lives in science ( an introduction to B. F.
... lifetime of an individual organism has features in common with the selection of members of a population in the evolution of species, but elaboration of that point would take us too far afield; see Skinner, 1981.) A Visit to Russia In 1961, Skinner and his wife Eve spent more than 3 weeks in Russia a ...
... lifetime of an individual organism has features in common with the selection of members of a population in the evolution of species, but elaboration of that point would take us too far afield; see Skinner, 1981.) A Visit to Russia In 1961, Skinner and his wife Eve spent more than 3 weeks in Russia a ...
Chapter 6
... • Attraction to other people • Positive, negative attitudes • Conditioned aversions (aversion therapy) • Anticipatory nausea and vomiting (ANV) • Allergic Reactions ...
... • Attraction to other people • Positive, negative attitudes • Conditioned aversions (aversion therapy) • Anticipatory nausea and vomiting (ANV) • Allergic Reactions ...
Homework Market
... define it more broadly. To them, learning occurs whenever experience or practice results in a relatively permanent change in behavior or in potential behavior. This definition includes all the examples previously mentioned, plus a great many more. When you remember how to park a car or where the lib ...
... define it more broadly. To them, learning occurs whenever experience or practice results in a relatively permanent change in behavior or in potential behavior. This definition includes all the examples previously mentioned, plus a great many more. When you remember how to park a car or where the lib ...
Chapter 6 - RaduegePsychology
... Principles of Conditioning Counter Conditioning: A new response is conditioned to an old ...
... Principles of Conditioning Counter Conditioning: A new response is conditioned to an old ...
Teaming AP Practice Test
... 33. Dillon is four years old, and his parents want to teach him to say "please" and "thank you." They will be most successful in altering Dillon's behavior if they use a. classical conditioning b. higher-order conditioning c. non-contingent reinforcement d. operant conditioning 34. April wants to te ...
... 33. Dillon is four years old, and his parents want to teach him to say "please" and "thank you." They will be most successful in altering Dillon's behavior if they use a. classical conditioning b. higher-order conditioning c. non-contingent reinforcement d. operant conditioning 34. April wants to te ...
... emotional responses consist of emotional and physiological responses that develop to a specific object or situation. Watson and Rayner conducted one of their first studies with an 11-month-old child known as Albert B. (also referred to as “Little Albert”). When they presented Albert with a white rat ...
Avoidance
... procedure for avoidance responding? No. In this procedure, responses continue to be followed by the absence of shock, just as before. So long as the subject responds reliably, there are no opportunities to learn that shocks no longer occur in the absence of responding. The proper method of extinctio ...
... procedure for avoidance responding? No. In this procedure, responses continue to be followed by the absence of shock, just as before. So long as the subject responds reliably, there are no opportunities to learn that shocks no longer occur in the absence of responding. The proper method of extinctio ...
Gap Junctions in the Ventral Hippocampal-Medial
... behavior on the elevated plus maze and open field. Similar anxiolytic effects were observed with unilateral infusion of these drugs into the vHIP combined with contralateral infusion into the mPFC. No change in anxious behavior was observed with gap junction blockade in the unilateral vHIP alone or ...
... behavior on the elevated plus maze and open field. Similar anxiolytic effects were observed with unilateral infusion of these drugs into the vHIP combined with contralateral infusion into the mPFC. No change in anxious behavior was observed with gap junction blockade in the unilateral vHIP alone or ...
LEARNING THROUGH CONDITIONING
... In classical conditioning language, the conditioned stimulus (CS) in this study was the (.distinctive chamber/home cage/female quail). The unconditioned stimulus (UCS) was the (distinctive chamber/ home cage/female quail). The unconditioned response (UCR) would be arousal to the female quail; the co ...
... In classical conditioning language, the conditioned stimulus (CS) in this study was the (.distinctive chamber/home cage/female quail). The unconditioned stimulus (UCS) was the (distinctive chamber/ home cage/female quail). The unconditioned response (UCR) would be arousal to the female quail; the co ...
PUNISHMENT - appstate.edu
... simple, but some of its attributes are clear. A punishment is a noxious stimulus, one which will support, by its termination or omission, the growth of new escape or avoidance responses. It is one which the subject will reject, if given a choice between the punishment and no stimulus at all. Whether ...
... simple, but some of its attributes are clear. A punishment is a noxious stimulus, one which will support, by its termination or omission, the growth of new escape or avoidance responses. It is one which the subject will reject, if given a choice between the punishment and no stimulus at all. Whether ...
Ch6 Study Guide SP14
... ____ 10. In a variable-ratio schedule, the reinforcer is given a. after a fixed number of nonreinforced responses. b. after a variable number of nonreinforced responses. c. for the first response that occurs after a fixed amount of time has elapsed. d. for the first response that occurs after a vari ...
... ____ 10. In a variable-ratio schedule, the reinforcer is given a. after a fixed number of nonreinforced responses. b. after a variable number of nonreinforced responses. c. for the first response that occurs after a fixed amount of time has elapsed. d. for the first response that occurs after a vari ...
Associative foundation of causal learning in rats
... the candidate cause may simply reflect associative chains reaching back from the valued effect. However, if this were true, the same analysis could be equally applicable to goaldirected behavior in humans. We do not view associative accounts of goal-directed behavior as an alternative to causal lear ...
... the candidate cause may simply reflect associative chains reaching back from the valued effect. However, if this were true, the same analysis could be equally applicable to goaldirected behavior in humans. We do not view associative accounts of goal-directed behavior as an alternative to causal lear ...
A Hierarchical Instrumental Decision Theory of Nicotine Dependence
... Associative learning theory seeks to characterise the psychological mechanisms that underpins acquired motivated behavior. For this reason, the associative framework has been co-opted to understand addictive behavior in both humans and animals. Such associative addiction theories generally propose a ...
... Associative learning theory seeks to characterise the psychological mechanisms that underpins acquired motivated behavior. For this reason, the associative framework has been co-opted to understand addictive behavior in both humans and animals. Such associative addiction theories generally propose a ...
APPROACHES TO PSYCHOLOGY
... Studies people’s mental processes in an effort to understand how humans gain knowledge about the world around them Cognito = Latin for “knowledge” How we learn, form concepts, solve problems, make decisions, use language ...
... Studies people’s mental processes in an effort to understand how humans gain knowledge about the world around them Cognito = Latin for “knowledge” How we learn, form concepts, solve problems, make decisions, use language ...
General
... times-the shock always occurred during the tone In another group of rats the tone and shock were paired 20 times just as in the other group, but this group received an additional 20 shocks that were not pair with the tone Only the first group developed a conditioned fear response to the tone T ...
... times-the shock always occurred during the tone In another group of rats the tone and shock were paired 20 times just as in the other group, but this group received an additional 20 shocks that were not pair with the tone Only the first group developed a conditioned fear response to the tone T ...
SWGDOG SC1abcdefghijk – TERMINOLOGY
... desirability increases with closeness. This type of conflict is easily solved by approaching one of the sources of reinforcement, or by having one of the sources of reinforcement approach the individual making the decision. Scientific usage: A conflict resulting from being both drawn and repelled by ...
... desirability increases with closeness. This type of conflict is easily solved by approaching one of the sources of reinforcement, or by having one of the sources of reinforcement approach the individual making the decision. Scientific usage: A conflict resulting from being both drawn and repelled by ...
Author`s personal copy
... 2. Hormonal basis of the onset of maternal behavior in primiparous female rats and the nonhormonal maintenance of the behavior after its initiation As already noted, virgin female rats do not show maternal behavior upon initial exposure to pups; they actively avoid pups that are presented to them [4 ...
... 2. Hormonal basis of the onset of maternal behavior in primiparous female rats and the nonhormonal maintenance of the behavior after its initiation As already noted, virgin female rats do not show maternal behavior upon initial exposure to pups; they actively avoid pups that are presented to them [4 ...
the psychological review
... his 'polymodal concept' of human conditioning, according to which the mean amount of conditioning is held to be a function of (1) a physiological factor dependent upon the 'biological potency' of the stimulus and its correlated 'physiological reaction-change' and (2) a psychological factor resulting ...
... his 'polymodal concept' of human conditioning, according to which the mean amount of conditioning is held to be a function of (1) a physiological factor dependent upon the 'biological potency' of the stimulus and its correlated 'physiological reaction-change' and (2) a psychological factor resulting ...
Theories of personality
... 2. What is the difference between positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement in operant conditioning? 3. How do extinction, generalization, and discrimination take place in operant conditioning? How are these processes different than in classical conditioning? 4. What is the difference betwee ...
... 2. What is the difference between positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement in operant conditioning? 3. How do extinction, generalization, and discrimination take place in operant conditioning? How are these processes different than in classical conditioning? 4. What is the difference betwee ...
Ch. 1
... – Offers a complex and detailed view of how we think – Permits scientists to make specific predictions about behavior and performance that can be tested in research studies ...
... – Offers a complex and detailed view of how we think – Permits scientists to make specific predictions about behavior and performance that can be tested in research studies ...