Review A model for chromosome structure during the mitotic
... Figures 1^11 (overleaf). Diagrammatic representations of chromosome structure through the mitotic cell cycle. Drawings are not to scale. Telophase/G1 . (A) Longitudinal view of a segment of a decondensing chromosome during telophase or a decondensed chromosome during G1. The anaphase chromosome core ...
... Figures 1^11 (overleaf). Diagrammatic representations of chromosome structure through the mitotic cell cycle. Drawings are not to scale. Telophase/G1 . (A) Longitudinal view of a segment of a decondensing chromosome during telophase or a decondensed chromosome during G1. The anaphase chromosome core ...
Transposon stability and a role for conjugational transfer in adaptive mutability
... and had experienced conjugal transfer, a similar fraction, approximately 5%, are transposon-free and the loss seems precise. Few amplification products would be expected here, because they would be likely to be Lac⫹ because of the leakiness of the lacI33 allele. In the course of this work, no TetS c ...
... and had experienced conjugal transfer, a similar fraction, approximately 5%, are transposon-free and the loss seems precise. Few amplification products would be expected here, because they would be likely to be Lac⫹ because of the leakiness of the lacI33 allele. In the course of this work, no TetS c ...
A molecular method for assessing meiofauna diversity in marine
... PCR products from multiple reactions prior to cloning will reduce biases introduced through PCR, such as PCR drift (Wagner, et al. 1994). Combining and mixing individual sediment samples collected at each site prior to molecular analysis can reduce biases introduced by patchiness of meiofauna in the ...
... PCR products from multiple reactions prior to cloning will reduce biases introduced through PCR, such as PCR drift (Wagner, et al. 1994). Combining and mixing individual sediment samples collected at each site prior to molecular analysis can reduce biases introduced by patchiness of meiofauna in the ...
Molecular Diagnostics for the Detection and Characterization of
... In situ hybridization. In situ hybridization has been introduced into the clinical microbiology laboratory and should prove to be a useful technology for the rapid characterization of bacteria and fungi in positive blood culture samples, which is an area of particular interest to many [5, 7, 9–11, 1 ...
... In situ hybridization. In situ hybridization has been introduced into the clinical microbiology laboratory and should prove to be a useful technology for the rapid characterization of bacteria and fungi in positive blood culture samples, which is an area of particular interest to many [5, 7, 9–11, 1 ...
biology - Kendriya Vidyalaya No.1 Kanchrapara
... 7. How can bacterial DNA be released from the bacterial cell for biotechnology experiments. 8. Mention the uses of cloning vector in biotechnology. 9. Why do DNA- fragments move towards the anode during gel electrophoresis? 10. In the year 1963, two enzymes responsible for restricting the growth of ...
... 7. How can bacterial DNA be released from the bacterial cell for biotechnology experiments. 8. Mention the uses of cloning vector in biotechnology. 9. Why do DNA- fragments move towards the anode during gel electrophoresis? 10. In the year 1963, two enzymes responsible for restricting the growth of ...
unit 2: mechanisms of inheritance
... Students prepare and present their research outlining the significant scientific contributions/discoveries that led to our understanding of the structure and function of the DNA molecule. Research findings can be presented in a variety of formats: • dramatic presentation (e.g., TV interview, debate ...
... Students prepare and present their research outlining the significant scientific contributions/discoveries that led to our understanding of the structure and function of the DNA molecule. Research findings can be presented in a variety of formats: • dramatic presentation (e.g., TV interview, debate ...
The sequence of human serum albumin cDNA and its expression in
... sperm DNA at temperatures ranging from 4" to 42° and washed in salt concentrations varying from 1 to O.2xSSC plus 0.1 percent SDS at temperatures ranging from 4° to 42° depending on the length of the ...
... sperm DNA at temperatures ranging from 4" to 42° and washed in salt concentrations varying from 1 to O.2xSSC plus 0.1 percent SDS at temperatures ranging from 4° to 42° depending on the length of the ...
microbial genetics
... specific challenges (Fig. 2). First, double stranded DNA ends are the substrate for many exonucleases, and as such are very unstable in cells. The linear plasmids must, therefore, protect their ends. Second, double-stranded DNA cannot be replicated all the way to the end of the molecule because of D ...
... specific challenges (Fig. 2). First, double stranded DNA ends are the substrate for many exonucleases, and as such are very unstable in cells. The linear plasmids must, therefore, protect their ends. Second, double-stranded DNA cannot be replicated all the way to the end of the molecule because of D ...
arXiv:0708.2724v1 [cond-mat.other] 20 Aug 2007
... is shown in Fig. 4. Generally, one can think of secondary structure as a result of the competition between enthalpic and entropic factors. The interaction energy of base stacking is the main factor favoring secondary structure (Searle and Williams, 1993), such as the helix in Fig. 4. On the other ha ...
... is shown in Fig. 4. Generally, one can think of secondary structure as a result of the competition between enthalpic and entropic factors. The interaction energy of base stacking is the main factor favoring secondary structure (Searle and Williams, 1993), such as the helix in Fig. 4. On the other ha ...
Gene Section RAD52 (RAD52 homolog (S. cerevisiae)) Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics
... polymer (Kagawa et al., 2002). DNA binding properties are linked to various amino acids, including, Arg-55, Tyr-65, Lys-152, Arg-153, Arg-156. Arg-55 and Lys-152 are necessarily for ssDNA binding, whereas Tyr-65, Arg-152, and Arg-156 are essential for binding both ssDNA and dsDNA (Kagawa et al., 200 ...
... polymer (Kagawa et al., 2002). DNA binding properties are linked to various amino acids, including, Arg-55, Tyr-65, Lys-152, Arg-153, Arg-156. Arg-55 and Lys-152 are necessarily for ssDNA binding, whereas Tyr-65, Arg-152, and Arg-156 are essential for binding both ssDNA and dsDNA (Kagawa et al., 200 ...
Transfer of genetic material between the chloroplast and nucleus
... nuclear genome data reported that the plant nuclear genome is in equilibrium between frequent integration and rapid elimination of the chloroplast genome and that the pericentromeric regions play a significant role in facilitating the chloroplast–nuclear DNA flux. This equilibrium between integratio ...
... nuclear genome data reported that the plant nuclear genome is in equilibrium between frequent integration and rapid elimination of the chloroplast genome and that the pericentromeric regions play a significant role in facilitating the chloroplast–nuclear DNA flux. This equilibrium between integratio ...
The physics behind the larger scale organization of DNA in eukaryotes
... all possible fibers with densely packed nucleosomes. By mapping the chromatin cylinder to a strip with the long sides being identified, it is straightforward to show that dense packings are achieved by placing the nucleosomes in ribbons. Different possible dense packings can then be characterized by ...
... all possible fibers with densely packed nucleosomes. By mapping the chromatin cylinder to a strip with the long sides being identified, it is straightforward to show that dense packings are achieved by placing the nucleosomes in ribbons. Different possible dense packings can then be characterized by ...
A new polymerase chain reaction/restriction fragment length
... using AluI identified fragments of 10, 27, 38, 54, 106, and 135 bp for VK210 and 10, 38, and 673 bp for VK247, whereas P. vivax-like showed an unique fragment of 10 and 726 bp. In respect to RFLP, using DpnI, we observed fragments with sizes of 27, 42, 54, 81, 108, and 301 bp (VK247), whereas P. viv ...
... using AluI identified fragments of 10, 27, 38, 54, 106, and 135 bp for VK210 and 10, 38, and 673 bp for VK247, whereas P. vivax-like showed an unique fragment of 10 and 726 bp. In respect to RFLP, using DpnI, we observed fragments with sizes of 27, 42, 54, 81, 108, and 301 bp (VK247), whereas P. viv ...
Gene Detection Systems Catalog
... the particular changes to be made and the effect, if any, of such changes on the price and time of delivery. Buyer may not cancel this order unless such cancellation is expressly agreed to in writing by Seller. In such event, Seller will advise Buyer of the total charge for such cancellation, and Bu ...
... the particular changes to be made and the effect, if any, of such changes on the price and time of delivery. Buyer may not cancel this order unless such cancellation is expressly agreed to in writing by Seller. In such event, Seller will advise Buyer of the total charge for such cancellation, and Bu ...
Distortion of quantitative genomic and expression
... regarding reproducibility of these techniques have been raised by cross-validation studies in different laboratories (1–5). Strategies to mitigate variability in the results obtained from replicate studies have focused on standardizing technical factors, such as array production, RNA synthesis, labe ...
... regarding reproducibility of these techniques have been raised by cross-validation studies in different laboratories (1–5). Strategies to mitigate variability in the results obtained from replicate studies have focused on standardizing technical factors, such as array production, RNA synthesis, labe ...
Question bank in Biology class XII
... 7. How can bacterial DNA be released from the bacterial cell for biotechnology experiments. 8. Mention the uses of cloning vector in biotechnology. 9. Why do DNA- fragments move towards the anode during gel electrophoresis? 10. In the year 1963, two enzymes responsible for restricting the growth of ...
... 7. How can bacterial DNA be released from the bacterial cell for biotechnology experiments. 8. Mention the uses of cloning vector in biotechnology. 9. Why do DNA- fragments move towards the anode during gel electrophoresis? 10. In the year 1963, two enzymes responsible for restricting the growth of ...
Gluconacetobacter entanii sp. nov., isolated from submerged high
... 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 % (w\v), respectively. The cultures were grown under aeration at 30 mC for 14 d. Growth on acetate at pH 2n5, utilization of lactate, and growth in the presence of 30 % glucose were studied in bouillon as described by Sievers et al. (1992). The utilization of carbon s ...
... 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 % (w\v), respectively. The cultures were grown under aeration at 30 mC for 14 d. Growth on acetate at pH 2n5, utilization of lactate, and growth in the presence of 30 % glucose were studied in bouillon as described by Sievers et al. (1992). The utilization of carbon s ...
Isolation, Characterization, and Annotation: The Search for Novel
... individual soil samples from a location of their choice. The GPS coordinates, time, date, and site characteristics were noted for each soil sample. The phages isolated by the entrants were named Luke117 and Novus. Luke117 was taken from moist soil near a pond, while Novus was taken from dry dirt bes ...
... individual soil samples from a location of their choice. The GPS coordinates, time, date, and site characteristics were noted for each soil sample. The phages isolated by the entrants were named Luke117 and Novus. Luke117 was taken from moist soil near a pond, while Novus was taken from dry dirt bes ...
Genetic Transformation of Poinsettia (Euphórbia
... annually (Ladstein pers. comm.). However, due to the red colour of the bracts, and the short day requirements for flowering (Kristoffersen 1968), the poinsettia has become a symbol of Christmas in the Northern Hemisphere, limiting the demand to the Christmas holidays. One way to increase the demand ...
... annually (Ladstein pers. comm.). However, due to the red colour of the bracts, and the short day requirements for flowering (Kristoffersen 1968), the poinsettia has become a symbol of Christmas in the Northern Hemisphere, limiting the demand to the Christmas holidays. One way to increase the demand ...
Gel electrophoresis of nucleic acids
Nucleic acid electrophoresis is an analytical technique used to separate DNA or RNA fragments by size and reactivity. Nucleic acid molecules which are to be analyzed are set upon a viscous medium, the gel, where an electric field induces the nucleic acids to migrate toward the anode, due to the net negative charge of the sugar-phosphate backbone of the nucleic acid chain. The separation of these fragments is accomplished by exploiting the mobilities with which different sized molecules are able to pass through the gel. Longer molecules migrate more slowly because they experience more resistance within the gel. Because the size of the molecule affects its mobility, smaller fragments end up nearer to the anode than longer ones in a given period. After some time, the voltage is removed and the fragmentation gradient is analyzed. For larger separations between similar sized fragments, either the voltage or run time can be increased. Extended runs across a low voltage gel yield the most accurate resolution. Voltage is, however, not the sole factor in determining electrophoresis of nucleic acids.The nucleic acid to be separated can be prepared in several ways before separation by electrophoresis. In the case of large DNA molecules, the DNA is frequently cut into smaller fragments using a DNA restriction endonuclease (or restriction enzyme). In other instances, such as PCR amplified samples, enzymes present in the sample that might affect the separation of the molecules are removed through various means before analysis. Once the nucleic acid is properly prepared, the samples of the nucleic acid solution are placed in the wells of the gel and a voltage is applied across the gel for a specified amount of time.The DNA fragments of different lengths are visualized using a fluorescent dye specific for DNA, such as ethidium bromide. The gel shows bands corresponding to different nucleic acid molecules populations with different molecular weight. Fragment size is usually reported in ""nucleotides"", ""base pairs"" or ""kb"" (for thousands of base pairs) depending upon whether single- or double-stranded nucleic acid has been separated. Fragment size determination is typically done by comparison to commercially available DNA markers containing linear DNA fragments of known length.The types of gel most commonly used for nucleic acid electrophoresis are agarose (for relatively long DNA molecules) and polyacrylamide (for high resolution of short DNA molecules, for example in DNA sequencing). Gels have conventionally been run in a ""slab"" format such as that shown in the figure, but capillary electrophoresis has become important for applications such as high-throughput DNA sequencing. Electrophoresis techniques used in the assessment of DNA damage include alkaline gel electrophoresis and pulsed field gel electrophoresis.For short DNA segments such as 20 to 60 bp double stranded DNA, running them in Polyacrylamide gel (PAGE) will give better resolution(native condition). Similarly, RNA and single stranded DNA can be run and visualised by PAGE gels containing denaturing agents such as Urea. PAGE gels are widely used in techniques such as DNA foot printing, EMSA and other DNA-protein interaction techniques.The measurement and analysis are mostly done with a specialized gel analysis software. Capillary electrophoresis results are typically displayed in a trace view called an electropherogram.