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7.3-Flame Test Lab
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... A gas of identical hydrogen like atoms has some atoms in the lowest (ground) energy level A & some atoms in a particular upper (excited) energy level B & there are no atoms in any other energy level. The atoms of the gas make transition to a higher energy level by the absorbing monochromatic light o ...
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... Intersystem crossing refers to non-radiative transition between states of different multiplicity It occurs via inversion of the spin of the excited electron resulting in two unpaired electrons with the same spin orientation, resulting in a state with Spin=1 and multiplicity of 3 (triplet state) Tran ...
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... from molecules that have been excited to higher energy levels by absorption of electromagnetic radiation. ...
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a < 0
a < 0

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... 4. Consider the 4-level system discussed in class, with the following usual specifications: (i) the pump rate from level 0 to level 3 occurs at a rate P03 . (ii) the decay rate from level 3 to level 2 is instantaneous. (iii) the decay from level 2 to level 1 is by spontaneous emission, at the rate Γ ...
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... in a wide distribution and to stay in resonance with them as they are cooled. This concept was put into practice in 1985 by W. Ertmer, R. Blatt, J. Hall and M. Zhu. In this cooling method the frequency of the light must be swept over a range of more that 1 GHz in a few milliseconds. This is usually ...
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... orbits or states in which then do not radiate. • The electron in a high energy state can make a transition to a lower energy state by emitting a photon whose energy was the difference in energies of the two states, hf = Ei - Ef ...
< 1 ... 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 ... 49 >

Population inversion

In science, specifically statistical mechanics, a population inversion occurs while a system (such as a group of atoms or molecules) exists in a state with more members in an excited state than in lower energy states. It is called an ""inversion"" because in many familiar and commonly encountered physical systems, this is not possible. The concept is of fundamental importance in laser science because the production of a population inversion is a necessary step in the workings of a standard laser.
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