Biology 40S – Final Exam Review (2013
... Also be able to distinguish between photosynthetic bacteria and chemoautrophic bacteria. Photosynthetic bacteria are autotrophs that use sunlight as their source of energy. Chemoautotrophic bacteria are autotrophs that use inorganic molecules (nitrogen, sulphur, iron, etc.) as an energy source. ...
... Also be able to distinguish between photosynthetic bacteria and chemoautrophic bacteria. Photosynthetic bacteria are autotrophs that use sunlight as their source of energy. Chemoautotrophic bacteria are autotrophs that use inorganic molecules (nitrogen, sulphur, iron, etc.) as an energy source. ...
A kinetic proofreading mechanism for disentanglement of
... Cells must remove all entanglements between their replicated chromosomal DNAs to segregate them during cell division. Entanglement removal is done by ATP-driven enzymes that pass DNA strands through one another, called type II topoisomerases. In vitro, some type II topoisomerases can reduce entangle ...
... Cells must remove all entanglements between their replicated chromosomal DNAs to segregate them during cell division. Entanglement removal is done by ATP-driven enzymes that pass DNA strands through one another, called type II topoisomerases. In vitro, some type II topoisomerases can reduce entangle ...
The role of DNA damage in laminopathy progeroid syndromes
... from progeroid laminopathy patients is the accumulation of unrepaired DNA damage [15–17] and accelerated telomere attrition [18,19]. The accumulation of unrepaired DNA damage activates a checkpoint response that is characterized by phosphorylation of both the ATM (ataxia telangiectasia mutated) and ...
... from progeroid laminopathy patients is the accumulation of unrepaired DNA damage [15–17] and accelerated telomere attrition [18,19]. The accumulation of unrepaired DNA damage activates a checkpoint response that is characterized by phosphorylation of both the ATM (ataxia telangiectasia mutated) and ...
speciation (formation of new species)
... Chromosome breaks in two places and the middle piece turns round so that the normal gene sequence in that part is reversed. Effects of inversion Usually leads to homologous chromosomes forming complicated loops during crossing-over: genetic material is lost, often giving rise to non-viable gametes. ...
... Chromosome breaks in two places and the middle piece turns round so that the normal gene sequence in that part is reversed. Effects of inversion Usually leads to homologous chromosomes forming complicated loops during crossing-over: genetic material is lost, often giving rise to non-viable gametes. ...
Definition of a Gene - Kaikoura High School
... living organisms to meet a human need or demand. Note that this includes traditional processes such as wine and cheese production as well as more modern technologies. • Genetic engineering is a technology used to alter the genetic material of living cells in order to make them capable of producing n ...
... living organisms to meet a human need or demand. Note that this includes traditional processes such as wine and cheese production as well as more modern technologies. • Genetic engineering is a technology used to alter the genetic material of living cells in order to make them capable of producing n ...
Ch17_note_summary
... what is spliced; this is called alternative RNA splicing. Exon shuffling during cross-over may also be useful in evolution. ...
... what is spliced; this is called alternative RNA splicing. Exon shuffling during cross-over may also be useful in evolution. ...
Document
... a. binds to the ribosome’s A site. b. attaches directly to the DNA codon. c. connects an amino acid to its anticodon. d. attaches to the P site of the ribosome. 11. A ribosome has a. one binding site for DNA. b. three binding sites used during translation. c. four binding sites for tRNA. d. no bindi ...
... a. binds to the ribosome’s A site. b. attaches directly to the DNA codon. c. connects an amino acid to its anticodon. d. attaches to the P site of the ribosome. 11. A ribosome has a. one binding site for DNA. b. three binding sites used during translation. c. four binding sites for tRNA. d. no bindi ...
Science Unit 1 Grade 7 - Orange Public Schools
... How is the DNA “blueprint for life”? How does sexual reproduction allow for many possible combinations of genes within offspring? How are traits passes from one generation to the next? In what ways are Math and Science interconnected disciplines? ...
... How is the DNA “blueprint for life”? How does sexual reproduction allow for many possible combinations of genes within offspring? How are traits passes from one generation to the next? In what ways are Math and Science interconnected disciplines? ...
DISCOVERING DNA Biology Practical—DNA extraction
... of cells contains a material which he called nuclein. It was not until much later, in the 1940s, that deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was recognised as the carrier of the genetic code. The DNA structure was determined by James Watson and Francis Crick in 1953. They found that DNA was a double helix cons ...
... of cells contains a material which he called nuclein. It was not until much later, in the 1940s, that deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was recognised as the carrier of the genetic code. The DNA structure was determined by James Watson and Francis Crick in 1953. They found that DNA was a double helix cons ...
E. coli
... • The viral DNA molecule, during the lysogenic cycle, is incorporated by genetic recombination into a specific site on the host cell’s chromosome. • In this prophage stage, one of its genes codes for a protein that represses most other prophage genes. • Every time the host divides, it also copies t ...
... • The viral DNA molecule, during the lysogenic cycle, is incorporated by genetic recombination into a specific site on the host cell’s chromosome. • In this prophage stage, one of its genes codes for a protein that represses most other prophage genes. • Every time the host divides, it also copies t ...
Human Heredity
... 6. A human female inherits how many copies of X-linked genes? 7. What can be used to show how a trait is passed from one generation to the next within families. 8. True or False: In a pedigree all of the symbols can be squares. 9. Which of the following is determined by multiple alleles? a. Rh blood ...
... 6. A human female inherits how many copies of X-linked genes? 7. What can be used to show how a trait is passed from one generation to the next within families. 8. True or False: In a pedigree all of the symbols can be squares. 9. Which of the following is determined by multiple alleles? a. Rh blood ...
Unit 7.2 ws
... In many eukaryotes, a short region of DNA containing the base sequence TATATA or TATAAA is known as the TATA box. The TATA box marks the beginning of a gene. It also helps position the RNA polymerase. When RNA polymerase binds in the correct position, transcription can occur. Follow the directions. ...
... In many eukaryotes, a short region of DNA containing the base sequence TATATA or TATAAA is known as the TATA box. The TATA box marks the beginning of a gene. It also helps position the RNA polymerase. When RNA polymerase binds in the correct position, transcription can occur. Follow the directions. ...
emboj2008205-sup
... Figure 1. Effect of mutations in MMR on (GAA)340 tract stability. To determine the frequency of expansions and contractions of repeat tracts during mitotic divisions, we re-streaked yeast colonies that have been verified for the presence of (GAA)340 full size repeats on complete media. Ten colonies ...
... Figure 1. Effect of mutations in MMR on (GAA)340 tract stability. To determine the frequency of expansions and contractions of repeat tracts during mitotic divisions, we re-streaked yeast colonies that have been verified for the presence of (GAA)340 full size repeats on complete media. Ten colonies ...
Pathchat no 32 Paternity (rev)
... Each locus (marker) is assigned with a paternity index, a statistical measure of how powerful a match at that particular marker indicates paternity (Table 1). The combined paternity index is generated by multiplying the paternity index of each marker. This indicates the overall probability of an all ...
... Each locus (marker) is assigned with a paternity index, a statistical measure of how powerful a match at that particular marker indicates paternity (Table 1). The combined paternity index is generated by multiplying the paternity index of each marker. This indicates the overall probability of an all ...
Chapter 11 How Genes are Controlled
... The pattern of glowing spots enables the researcher to determine which genes were being transcribed in the starting cells. Researchers can thus learn which genes are active in different tissues or in tissues from individuals in different states of health. ...
... The pattern of glowing spots enables the researcher to determine which genes were being transcribed in the starting cells. Researchers can thus learn which genes are active in different tissues or in tissues from individuals in different states of health. ...
AP Biology
... Restriction fragment analysis detects DNA differences that affect restriction sites (pp. 383-386, FIGURES 20.820.10) Gel electro-phoresis makes it possible to separate and isolate DNA restriction fragments of different lengths. Restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) are differences in D ...
... Restriction fragment analysis detects DNA differences that affect restriction sites (pp. 383-386, FIGURES 20.820.10) Gel electro-phoresis makes it possible to separate and isolate DNA restriction fragments of different lengths. Restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) are differences in D ...
Mitosis
... 20. If a pea plant that is heterozygous for round, yellow peas (RrYy) is crossed with a pea plant that is homozygous for round peas but heterozygous for yellow peas (RRYy), how many different kinds of phenotypes are their offspring expected to show?2 21. Incomplete dominance is when one allele is no ...
... 20. If a pea plant that is heterozygous for round, yellow peas (RrYy) is crossed with a pea plant that is homozygous for round peas but heterozygous for yellow peas (RRYy), how many different kinds of phenotypes are their offspring expected to show?2 21. Incomplete dominance is when one allele is no ...
Mitosis
... 20. If a pea plant that is heterozygous for round, yellow peas (RrYy) is crossed with a pea plant that is homozygous for round peas but heterozygous for yellow peas (RRYy), how many different kinds of phenotypes are their offspring expected to show?2 21. Incomplete dominance is when one allele is no ...
... 20. If a pea plant that is heterozygous for round, yellow peas (RrYy) is crossed with a pea plant that is homozygous for round peas but heterozygous for yellow peas (RRYy), how many different kinds of phenotypes are their offspring expected to show?2 21. Incomplete dominance is when one allele is no ...
doc
... A. Two nearly identical genomes were used, but the origin of replication was miscalled in one. B. One massive genome inversion, involving half of the genome C. One round of whole genome duplication, so that every gene is present in one of the two genomes twice and only once in the other D. These gen ...
... A. Two nearly identical genomes were used, but the origin of replication was miscalled in one. B. One massive genome inversion, involving half of the genome C. One round of whole genome duplication, so that every gene is present in one of the two genomes twice and only once in the other D. These gen ...
mutation
... Loss-of-function mutations - gene product having less or no function. Phenotypes associated with such mutations are most often recessive. Exception is when the reduced dosage of a normal gene product is not enough for a normal phenotye (this is called haploinsufficiency). Dominant negative mutations ...
... Loss-of-function mutations - gene product having less or no function. Phenotypes associated with such mutations are most often recessive. Exception is when the reduced dosage of a normal gene product is not enough for a normal phenotye (this is called haploinsufficiency). Dominant negative mutations ...
Cre-Lox recombination
In the field of genetics, Cre-Lox recombination is known as a site-specific recombinase technology, and is widely used to carry out deletions, insertions, translocations and inversions at specific sites in the DNA of cells. It allows the DNA modification to be targeted to a specific cell type or be triggered by a specific external stimulus. It is implemented both in eukaryotic and prokaryotic systems.The system consists of a single enzyme, Cre recombinase, that recombines a pair of short target sequences called the Lox sequences. This system can be implemented without inserting any extra supporting proteins or sequences. The Cre enzyme and the original Lox site called the LoxP sequence are derived from bacteriophage P1.Placing Lox sequences appropriately allows genes to be activated, repressed, or exchanged for other genes. At a DNA level many types of manipulations can be carried out. The activity of the Cre enzyme can be controlled so that it is expressed in a particular cell type or triggered by an external stimulus like a chemical signal or a heat shock. These targeted DNA changes are useful in cell lineage tracing and when mutants are lethal if expressed globally.The Cre-Lox system is very similar in action and in usage to the FLP-FRT recombination system.