Next-generation DNA sequencing techniques
... off after the fifth base, removing the fluorescent label, then hybridisation and ligation cycles are repeated, this time determining bases 9 and 10 in the sequence; in the subsequent cycle bases 14 and 15 are determined, and so on. The sequencing process may be continued in the same way with another ...
... off after the fifth base, removing the fluorescent label, then hybridisation and ligation cycles are repeated, this time determining bases 9 and 10 in the sequence; in the subsequent cycle bases 14 and 15 are determined, and so on. The sequencing process may be continued in the same way with another ...
Documentation
... result of a coin flip does not depend on previous or future flips. This assumption of independence is biologically unrealistic, but it greatly simplifies the math: each nucleotide’s individual probabilities can be simply multiplied together to calculate the total probability of the overall sequence. ...
... result of a coin flip does not depend on previous or future flips. This assumption of independence is biologically unrealistic, but it greatly simplifies the math: each nucleotide’s individual probabilities can be simply multiplied together to calculate the total probability of the overall sequence. ...
Jamboree Poster
... • The bacteria have been on the X-gal plate sufficiently long for the X-gal to be in equilibrium with the cell. • There is no diffusion limitation with this system. • Half-life of beta-gal is 60 minutes. (Bachmair et al. 1986). • The amount of X-gal within the cell exceeds Km (500mM to 0.2 mM) so th ...
... • The bacteria have been on the X-gal plate sufficiently long for the X-gal to be in equilibrium with the cell. • There is no diffusion limitation with this system. • Half-life of beta-gal is 60 minutes. (Bachmair et al. 1986). • The amount of X-gal within the cell exceeds Km (500mM to 0.2 mM) so th ...
ppt
... surface area… and the demand for nutrients (to meet peak productivity) grows faster than the rate at which the more slowly increasing SA can supply them. So, supply fails to meet demand, and the cell cannot meet peak productivity… it becomes less ...
... surface area… and the demand for nutrients (to meet peak productivity) grows faster than the rate at which the more slowly increasing SA can supply them. So, supply fails to meet demand, and the cell cannot meet peak productivity… it becomes less ...
File - Ms. Daley Science
... 210. Compare different kinds of interactions between populations (predator/prey, mutualistic, commensalistic, parasitic), and be able to predict how the absence of population A will affect population B (given a certain type of relationship between A and B). 211. Why does biomass decrease as trophic ...
... 210. Compare different kinds of interactions between populations (predator/prey, mutualistic, commensalistic, parasitic), and be able to predict how the absence of population A will affect population B (given a certain type of relationship between A and B). 211. Why does biomass decrease as trophic ...
journalclub
... o no is the refractive indices for o-ray (polarization direction is perpendicular to the optical axis, called director) o ne is the refractive indices for e-ray (polarization direction is parallel to the optical axis) ...
... o no is the refractive indices for o-ray (polarization direction is perpendicular to the optical axis, called director) o ne is the refractive indices for e-ray (polarization direction is parallel to the optical axis) ...
Significance of multiple mutations in cancer
... polymerases δ and ε, enzymes involved in DNA replication (14,15). The latter polymerases contain a 3⬘→5⬘ exonucleolytic activity that excises non-complementary nucleotides immediately after misincorporation by the polymerase. The frequencies of misincorporation by any DNA polymerase can vary as much ...
... polymerases δ and ε, enzymes involved in DNA replication (14,15). The latter polymerases contain a 3⬘→5⬘ exonucleolytic activity that excises non-complementary nucleotides immediately after misincorporation by the polymerase. The frequencies of misincorporation by any DNA polymerase can vary as much ...
Bacterial Genetics
... -need for nutrients prototropic: can grow on minimal medium auxotropic: must have specific nutrients added to medium ...
... -need for nutrients prototropic: can grow on minimal medium auxotropic: must have specific nutrients added to medium ...
Teacher Guide
... 12. 3 X 5 index cards to practice IDing fingerprints, cut in half – 1 card for every 2 students 13. set of known fingerprints, and from crime scene – 1 set per group 14. gel electrophoresis equipment, agarose, DNA samples, etc for the DNA section 15. Teenage Romance Riddle Student Worksheet You use ...
... 12. 3 X 5 index cards to practice IDing fingerprints, cut in half – 1 card for every 2 students 13. set of known fingerprints, and from crime scene – 1 set per group 14. gel electrophoresis equipment, agarose, DNA samples, etc for the DNA section 15. Teenage Romance Riddle Student Worksheet You use ...
Gene7-21
... 6. HLH (helix-loop-helix) proteins have amphipathic helices that are responsible for dimerization, adjacent to basic regions that bind to DNA. 7. Many transcription factors function as dimers, and it is common for there to be multiple members of a family that form homodimers and heterodimers. 8. The ...
... 6. HLH (helix-loop-helix) proteins have amphipathic helices that are responsible for dimerization, adjacent to basic regions that bind to DNA. 7. Many transcription factors function as dimers, and it is common for there to be multiple members of a family that form homodimers and heterodimers. 8. The ...
Mechanical opening of DNA by micromanipulation and force
... one of the strands with a single biotin terminal group and prolongated the other one by a long linker arm, the latter being terminated by a single digoxigenin group. The linker arm was a full length double stranded λ DNA molecule. The molecular construction (Fig. 1) used in our more recent studies [ ...
... one of the strands with a single biotin terminal group and prolongated the other one by a long linker arm, the latter being terminated by a single digoxigenin group. The linker arm was a full length double stranded λ DNA molecule. The molecular construction (Fig. 1) used in our more recent studies [ ...
Slides
... that make evolution possible § Rearrangement of DNA sequences by exchanging segments from different molecules §Two types of recombination: §General recombination occurs between homologous DNA molecules (most common during meiosis) §Site-specific recombination—the exchange of sequences only requires ...
... that make evolution possible § Rearrangement of DNA sequences by exchanging segments from different molecules §Two types of recombination: §General recombination occurs between homologous DNA molecules (most common during meiosis) §Site-specific recombination—the exchange of sequences only requires ...
pcr
... to different DNA sequences. • By targeting multiple genes at once, additional information may be gained from a single test run that otherwise would require several times the reagents and more time to perform. • Annealing temperatures for each of the primer sets must be optimized to work correctly wi ...
... to different DNA sequences. • By targeting multiple genes at once, additional information may be gained from a single test run that otherwise would require several times the reagents and more time to perform. • Annealing temperatures for each of the primer sets must be optimized to work correctly wi ...
Topic 09
... Used DNA to test this hypothesis – Used mitochondrial DNA – Analyzed DNA from Africans – Compared their DNA sequences to those of people from other parts of the world Found that Africans carry the biggest diversity of mitochondrial DNA Also belong to branches that split off very early from those of ...
... Used DNA to test this hypothesis – Used mitochondrial DNA – Analyzed DNA from Africans – Compared their DNA sequences to those of people from other parts of the world Found that Africans carry the biggest diversity of mitochondrial DNA Also belong to branches that split off very early from those of ...
Comparison of DNA extraction methods for Aspergillus fumigatus
... thaw method, which took over 4 h to complete. The beadbeating method showed the least variability among the three operators, indicating not only that it is highly reproducible but also that it is not reliant on technical expertise, as there was little difference between the results obtained from the ...
... thaw method, which took over 4 h to complete. The beadbeating method showed the least variability among the three operators, indicating not only that it is highly reproducible but also that it is not reliant on technical expertise, as there was little difference between the results obtained from the ...
Chapter 13 Genetics and Biotechnology
... Suppose a breeder wants to produce hybrid white grapefruits. In grapefruit trees, white color is the domi–nant trait while red is recessive. Therefore, the red grapefruit trees in the orchard must be homozygous recessive (ww). The genotype of the hybrid white grapefruit tree obtained by the breeder ...
... Suppose a breeder wants to produce hybrid white grapefruits. In grapefruit trees, white color is the domi–nant trait while red is recessive. Therefore, the red grapefruit trees in the orchard must be homozygous recessive (ww). The genotype of the hybrid white grapefruit tree obtained by the breeder ...
Text Book of Molecular Biology
... chromatin are histones. They are small basic proteins which bind tightly to DNA. There are five families of histones:H1 ,H2A,H2B,H3 and H4. H2A,H2B,H3 and H4 are known as core histones. Two molecules of each families of core histones : (H2A)2 (H2B)2(H3)2(H4)2 , make up the octameric histone core. P ...
... chromatin are histones. They are small basic proteins which bind tightly to DNA. There are five families of histones:H1 ,H2A,H2B,H3 and H4. H2A,H2B,H3 and H4 are known as core histones. Two molecules of each families of core histones : (H2A)2 (H2B)2(H3)2(H4)2 , make up the octameric histone core. P ...
Rapid and simple method for DNA extraction from plant and algal
... Conventional methods used to extract DNA from plant and algal species for PCR, such as the cetyl-trimethylammonium bromide procedure, require many tedious steps to remove the polysaccharides that act as potent PCR inhibitors (Furukawa and Bahavanandan 1983). However, PCR amplification of DNA extract ...
... Conventional methods used to extract DNA from plant and algal species for PCR, such as the cetyl-trimethylammonium bromide procedure, require many tedious steps to remove the polysaccharides that act as potent PCR inhibitors (Furukawa and Bahavanandan 1983). However, PCR amplification of DNA extract ...
lecture_10(LP)
... • Yeast has 8 tRNA-TYR genes • Only one of them has the suppressor mutation. What about genes that normally end in UAG? • Not all ORFs end with UAG. • For those that do, there’s still a competition between the suppressor tRNA and termination factor. Even so, a cell with a SUP mutation can be quite s ...
... • Yeast has 8 tRNA-TYR genes • Only one of them has the suppressor mutation. What about genes that normally end in UAG? • Not all ORFs end with UAG. • For those that do, there’s still a competition between the suppressor tRNA and termination factor. Even so, a cell with a SUP mutation can be quite s ...
Open full article - About the Conference MendelNet 2016
... it is not confirmed whether the sequence is a part of the genes for sex determination. Most likely, it is not located solely on the male chromosome, as in previous studies MADC2 failed to discriminate sex phenotype in some cases (Sakamoto et al. 1995). Our results support this hypothesis, as the fir ...
... it is not confirmed whether the sequence is a part of the genes for sex determination. Most likely, it is not located solely on the male chromosome, as in previous studies MADC2 failed to discriminate sex phenotype in some cases (Sakamoto et al. 1995). Our results support this hypothesis, as the fir ...
Lecture NoteIV
... plasmid DNA during the plasmid replication process by enzymes called topoisomerases. The supercoiled conformation can be maintained when both polynucleotide strands are intact, hence called covalently closed-circular (ccc) DNA. If one of the polynucleotide strands is broken, the double helix reverts ...
... plasmid DNA during the plasmid replication process by enzymes called topoisomerases. The supercoiled conformation can be maintained when both polynucleotide strands are intact, hence called covalently closed-circular (ccc) DNA. If one of the polynucleotide strands is broken, the double helix reverts ...
Heredity Notes
... These characteristics are called traits. Traits depend on the types of proteins that the 4 bases (A,C,G,T) make up. Parents pass on copies of their DNA to their offspring. The DNA from each parent combines to form the DNA of the offspring. How the offspring develops depends on the instructions ...
... These characteristics are called traits. Traits depend on the types of proteins that the 4 bases (A,C,G,T) make up. Parents pass on copies of their DNA to their offspring. The DNA from each parent combines to form the DNA of the offspring. How the offspring develops depends on the instructions ...
Fly-FISHing: A protocol to localize single copy genes inside the
... material can be extremely helpful for visualizing dynamics in changing structures because in each set of experiments different developmental timepoints are represented which can be sorted to reflect the developmental progression. In this technical note I describe a fluorescent in situ technique whic ...
... material can be extremely helpful for visualizing dynamics in changing structures because in each set of experiments different developmental timepoints are represented which can be sorted to reflect the developmental progression. In this technical note I describe a fluorescent in situ technique whic ...
Cre-Lox recombination
In the field of genetics, Cre-Lox recombination is known as a site-specific recombinase technology, and is widely used to carry out deletions, insertions, translocations and inversions at specific sites in the DNA of cells. It allows the DNA modification to be targeted to a specific cell type or be triggered by a specific external stimulus. It is implemented both in eukaryotic and prokaryotic systems.The system consists of a single enzyme, Cre recombinase, that recombines a pair of short target sequences called the Lox sequences. This system can be implemented without inserting any extra supporting proteins or sequences. The Cre enzyme and the original Lox site called the LoxP sequence are derived from bacteriophage P1.Placing Lox sequences appropriately allows genes to be activated, repressed, or exchanged for other genes. At a DNA level many types of manipulations can be carried out. The activity of the Cre enzyme can be controlled so that it is expressed in a particular cell type or triggered by an external stimulus like a chemical signal or a heat shock. These targeted DNA changes are useful in cell lineage tracing and when mutants are lethal if expressed globally.The Cre-Lox system is very similar in action and in usage to the FLP-FRT recombination system.