Foot-and-mouth disease frequently asked questions
... In India, direct annual losses due to foot-and-mouth disease are estimated at nearly $US 4.5 billion, in terms of animal deaths, measures to stamp out the disease and lost international trade in animals and animal products. The indirect losses – the harvests that don’t leave the farm for market beca ...
... In India, direct annual losses due to foot-and-mouth disease are estimated at nearly $US 4.5 billion, in terms of animal deaths, measures to stamp out the disease and lost international trade in animals and animal products. The indirect losses – the harvests that don’t leave the farm for market beca ...
Foot and Mouth Disease Fact Sheet, UC Davis Veterinary Medicine
... State and federal agency veterinarians have programs in place to decrease the risk of introduction into the United States and to respond to an outbreak. Authorities require that producers quarantine facilities housing animals suspected of infection with FMD, restrict animal movement on surrounding f ...
... State and federal agency veterinarians have programs in place to decrease the risk of introduction into the United States and to respond to an outbreak. Authorities require that producers quarantine facilities housing animals suspected of infection with FMD, restrict animal movement on surrounding f ...
Biosecurity on the Ranch to Reduce Risks For Bovine
... rhea virus) can also affect immune function (Stevens et al., 2007). When animals’ defense mechanisms are compromised, they a are susceptible to viral infections. Viral infections damage lung tissue and encourage secon‐ dary infections with bacteria. The resulting lung inflammation caused by the c ...
... rhea virus) can also affect immune function (Stevens et al., 2007). When animals’ defense mechanisms are compromised, they a are susceptible to viral infections. Viral infections damage lung tissue and encourage secon‐ dary infections with bacteria. The resulting lung inflammation caused by the c ...
Parent Information –Exclusion from School
... contagious but less easily transmitted to others than viral. Viral: usually less severe, watery discharge but may be thick and white to pale yellow; lasts 3-5 days. Most often in both eyes. This is highly contagious but does not require antibiotics. All three may occur with the common cold. ...
... contagious but less easily transmitted to others than viral. Viral: usually less severe, watery discharge but may be thick and white to pale yellow; lasts 3-5 days. Most often in both eyes. This is highly contagious but does not require antibiotics. All three may occur with the common cold. ...
Urogenital and Sexually Transmitted Diseases
... Vesicles (fluid-filled blisters) at site of entry ~1 week after exposure Vesicles are infectious & painful Virus is latent in sacral ganglia reactivates new vesicles Reactivations occur from stress, hormonal changes, illness ...
... Vesicles (fluid-filled blisters) at site of entry ~1 week after exposure Vesicles are infectious & painful Virus is latent in sacral ganglia reactivates new vesicles Reactivations occur from stress, hormonal changes, illness ...
Civil War Diseases - Twyman
... relationship between cleanliness and low infection rates, they did not know how to sterilize their equipment. Due to a frequent shortage of water, surgeons often went days without washing their hands or instruments, thereby passing germs from one patient to another as he treated them. The resulting ...
... relationship between cleanliness and low infection rates, they did not know how to sterilize their equipment. Due to a frequent shortage of water, surgeons often went days without washing their hands or instruments, thereby passing germs from one patient to another as he treated them. The resulting ...
Chapter 8 - Cynthia Clarke
... • Global disparity in causes of death • While the global death rate from infectious diseases in 32%, in the periphery it reaches 42%. • This is yet another example of the disparity between the wealthy and poor nations Signature diseases • Robbins explains that each time has its own signature disease ...
... • Global disparity in causes of death • While the global death rate from infectious diseases in 32%, in the periphery it reaches 42%. • This is yet another example of the disparity between the wealthy and poor nations Signature diseases • Robbins explains that each time has its own signature disease ...
Seattle Presentation
... • Each year, an estimated 7.7 million children worldwide are born with serious genetic birth defects that cause death or lifelong disability for the individual and hardship for entire families • Approximately 3.7 million of these infants (>48%) will die before the age of five years • The majority of ...
... • Each year, an estimated 7.7 million children worldwide are born with serious genetic birth defects that cause death or lifelong disability for the individual and hardship for entire families • Approximately 3.7 million of these infants (>48%) will die before the age of five years • The majority of ...
infectious diseasres of the nervous system
... Botulinum toxin impairs release of acetylcholine at all peripheral synapses with resultant weakness of striated and smooth muscles caused by toxin ingested after being produced in inadequately sterilized canned foods serotypes A * B – vegetables/ meat E – Fish/ marine mammal products Thermol ...
... Botulinum toxin impairs release of acetylcholine at all peripheral synapses with resultant weakness of striated and smooth muscles caused by toxin ingested after being produced in inadequately sterilized canned foods serotypes A * B – vegetables/ meat E – Fish/ marine mammal products Thermol ...
Aquaculture Disease Processes
... – include pathogens such as viruses, drug-resistant bacteria, myxozoans – white spot syndrome virus (shrimp) has no known treatment – Vibrio sp.: because of rampant over-use of antibiotics in Central America, South America, new, more virulent strains are developing ...
... – include pathogens such as viruses, drug-resistant bacteria, myxozoans – white spot syndrome virus (shrimp) has no known treatment – Vibrio sp.: because of rampant over-use of antibiotics in Central America, South America, new, more virulent strains are developing ...
Pigeon Fever 2012: an emerging disease in Kansas
... soil. The bacteria survives best in drought conditions, particularly following a mild winter such as we experienced last year. Cases are most commonly seen in the late summer to fall months following mild winter conditions. It is thought that the bacteria enters the skin through fly bites, abrasions ...
... soil. The bacteria survives best in drought conditions, particularly following a mild winter such as we experienced last year. Cases are most commonly seen in the late summer to fall months following mild winter conditions. It is thought that the bacteria enters the skin through fly bites, abrasions ...
Hydatid Disease - Developing Anaesthesia
... oncosphere (3) that penetrates the intestinal wall and migrates through the circulatory system into various organs, especially the liver and lungs. In these organs, the oncosphere develops into a cyst (4) that enlarges gradually, producing protoscolices and daughter cysts that fill the cyst interio ...
... oncosphere (3) that penetrates the intestinal wall and migrates through the circulatory system into various organs, especially the liver and lungs. In these organs, the oncosphere develops into a cyst (4) that enlarges gradually, producing protoscolices and daughter cysts that fill the cyst interio ...
Ebola Virus
... There are insufficient data to make recommendations regarding an indefinite or other deferral period. The deferral interval because of geographic risk for malaria and group O HIV is expected to be longer than what might be recommended for donors from Ebola endemic areas who have clinically recovered ...
... There are insufficient data to make recommendations regarding an indefinite or other deferral period. The deferral interval because of geographic risk for malaria and group O HIV is expected to be longer than what might be recommended for donors from Ebola endemic areas who have clinically recovered ...
4/4/12 Epidemiology and Transmission
... – If a high proportion of individuals are immune to an infection then the whole population will be protected – Immunized people protect nonimmunized people because the pathogen cannot be passed on and the cycle of infectivity is broken ...
... – If a high proportion of individuals are immune to an infection then the whole population will be protected – Immunized people protect nonimmunized people because the pathogen cannot be passed on and the cycle of infectivity is broken ...
Modeling dynamics of Babesiosis disease in bovines and
... de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, Bogotá D.C.-Colombia ...
... de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, Bogotá D.C.-Colombia ...
VIRAL DISEASES
... survive up to 5-6 days on soil or concrete floor. The disease is widely spread but only a small proportion of dogs come down with the disease. Clinical signs may be so slight that they pass unnoticed, while definite clinical signs may be diagnosed in some dogs. A small minority come down with se ...
... survive up to 5-6 days on soil or concrete floor. The disease is widely spread but only a small proportion of dogs come down with the disease. Clinical signs may be so slight that they pass unnoticed, while definite clinical signs may be diagnosed in some dogs. A small minority come down with se ...
ALAT Chapter 12
... Microbes often cause cell damage, usually by release of toxic waste products. If signs are not obvious, they are sub-clinical, requiring special diagnostic laboratory tests to identify the disease. Even without obvious signs, disease will often to web site; affect experimental results. Go http ...
... Microbes often cause cell damage, usually by release of toxic waste products. If signs are not obvious, they are sub-clinical, requiring special diagnostic laboratory tests to identify the disease. Even without obvious signs, disease will often to web site; affect experimental results. Go http ...
Page - Legionnaires` disease outbreak investigation
... Legionella [1; 2; 3]. The majority of cases are reported as single (sporadic) cases which can occur throughout the year, with most cases occuring in late summer early and autumn [3; 4; 5]. Clusters (cases associated in space and time) and outbreaks (cases associated in space and time with a common s ...
... Legionella [1; 2; 3]. The majority of cases are reported as single (sporadic) cases which can occur throughout the year, with most cases occuring in late summer early and autumn [3; 4; 5]. Clusters (cases associated in space and time) and outbreaks (cases associated in space and time with a common s ...
3. Chain of Infection
... pathogen. The microorganism may spread to another person but does not develop into an infection if the person’s immune system can fight it off. They may however become a ‘carrier’ without symptoms, able to then be the next ‘mode of transmission’ to another ‘susceptible host’. Once the host is infect ...
... pathogen. The microorganism may spread to another person but does not develop into an infection if the person’s immune system can fight it off. They may however become a ‘carrier’ without symptoms, able to then be the next ‘mode of transmission’ to another ‘susceptible host’. Once the host is infect ...
Universal Precautions - Lake Station Community Schools
... The Hepatitis B and C viruses can cause dangerous inflammation of the liver. Some infected individuals become carriers and suffer long-term consequences. Eventually an infected person can suffer from liver disease and liver cancer. HIV is the virus that causes Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AI ...
... The Hepatitis B and C viruses can cause dangerous inflammation of the liver. Some infected individuals become carriers and suffer long-term consequences. Eventually an infected person can suffer from liver disease and liver cancer. HIV is the virus that causes Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AI ...
Infectious Myositis
... produces gas (tissues) in gangrene (necrotic damage of tissue specifically muscles). It is a deadly form of gangrene usually caused by Clostridium perfringens bacteria. This bacterium causes Myonecrosis via specific exotoxins . -In general, different clostridium species are opportunistic and enter t ...
... produces gas (tissues) in gangrene (necrotic damage of tissue specifically muscles). It is a deadly form of gangrene usually caused by Clostridium perfringens bacteria. This bacterium causes Myonecrosis via specific exotoxins . -In general, different clostridium species are opportunistic and enter t ...
Breaking the chain of infection
... infection. The greater its ability to grow and multiply, enter tissue, and cause disease, the greater the possibility that the microbe will cause infection. ...
... infection. The greater its ability to grow and multiply, enter tissue, and cause disease, the greater the possibility that the microbe will cause infection. ...
Laser Treatment - Renton Modern Dentistry
... benefits patients in many different areas of dental treatment, including: hygiene, periodontal and endodontic treatments and oral surgery. You and your dentist will discuss if laser treatment is right for you. Laser treatment is used following scaling and root planing to reduce any bacterial colonie ...
... benefits patients in many different areas of dental treatment, including: hygiene, periodontal and endodontic treatments and oral surgery. You and your dentist will discuss if laser treatment is right for you. Laser treatment is used following scaling and root planing to reduce any bacterial colonie ...
Climate Change as a Driver for Vector
... • Models that predict the potential impact of long term climate change and short term climate disruption • Knowledge of what adaptation and mitigation strategies have the greatest potential for success • Better understanding of potential future challenges ...
... • Models that predict the potential impact of long term climate change and short term climate disruption • Knowledge of what adaptation and mitigation strategies have the greatest potential for success • Better understanding of potential future challenges ...
It`s easIly spread. Has your dog BeeN VaCCINated? KNow tHe rIsK
... Lyme disease affects dogs differently, and some may not display any clinical signs at all. In other dogs, many cases start with limping, swelling in the lymph nodes and fever, and can progress to include loss of appetite and lethargy. It can also attack a dog’s joints and can be very painful. These ...
... Lyme disease affects dogs differently, and some may not display any clinical signs at all. In other dogs, many cases start with limping, swelling in the lymph nodes and fever, and can progress to include loss of appetite and lethargy. It can also attack a dog’s joints and can be very painful. These ...
Chagas disease
Chagas disease, also known as American trypanosomiasis, is a tropical parasitic disease caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi. It is spread mostly by insects known as triatominae or kissing bugs. The symptoms change over the course of the infection. In the early stage, symptoms are typically either not present or mild and may include fever, swollen lymph nodes, headaches, or local swelling at the site of the bite. After 8–12 weeks, individuals enter the chronic phase of disease and in 60–70% it never produces further symptoms. The other 30 to 40% of people develop further symptoms 10 to 30 years after the initial infection, including enlargement of the ventricles of the heart in 20 to 30%, leading to heart failure. An enlarged esophagus or an enlarged colon may also occur in 10% of people.T. cruzi is commonly spread to humans and other mammals by the blood-sucking ""kissing bugs"" of the subfamily Triatominae. These insects are known by a number of local names, including: vinchuca in Argentina, Bolivia, Chile and Paraguay, barbeiro (the barber) in Brazil, pito in Colombia, chinche in Central America, and chipo in Venezuela. The disease may also be spread through blood transfusion, organ transplantation, eating food contaminated with the parasites, and by vertical transmission (from a mother to her fetus). Diagnosis of early disease is by finding the parasite in the blood using a microscope. Chronic disease is diagnosed by finding antibodies for T. cruzi in the blood.Prevention mostly involves eliminating kissing bugs and avoiding their bites. Other preventative efforts include screening blood used for transfusions. A vaccine has not been developed as of 2013. Early infections are treatable with the medication benznidazole or nifurtimox. Medication nearly always results in a cure if given early, but becomes less effective the longer a person has had Chagas disease. When used in chronic disease, medication may delay or prevent the development of end–stage symptoms. Benznidazole and nifurtimox cause temporary side effects in up to 40% of people including skin disorders, brain toxicity, and digestive system irritation.It is estimated that 7 to 8 million people, mostly in Mexico, Central America and South America, have Chagas disease as of 2013. In 2006, Chagas was estimated to result in 12,500 deaths per year. Most people with the disease are poor, and most people with the disease do not realize they are infected. Large-scale population movements have increased the areas where Chagas disease is found and these include many European countries and the United States. These areas have also seen an increase in the years up to 2014. The disease was first described in 1909 by Carlos Chagas after whom it is named. It affects more than 150 other animals.