S4 Text
... Concentration of tRNA charged with aa i Concentration of free tRNA conjugate to aa i Total concentration of tRNA conjugate to aa i Total concentration of ribosome with an A-site for aa i Ribosomes with uncharged tRNA in an A-site for aa i Concentration of ppGpp Total concentration of aa (not incorpo ...
... Concentration of tRNA charged with aa i Concentration of free tRNA conjugate to aa i Total concentration of tRNA conjugate to aa i Total concentration of ribosome with an A-site for aa i Ribosomes with uncharged tRNA in an A-site for aa i Concentration of ppGpp Total concentration of aa (not incorpo ...
Expression of floral identity genes in Clianthus
... study aimed to determine at what point in floral organ differentiation abortion occurred and whether the expression of the floral identity genes underlies this cessation in flower development. † Methods Inflorescences were harvested across an annual cycle and flower development was examined by light ...
... study aimed to determine at what point in floral organ differentiation abortion occurred and whether the expression of the floral identity genes underlies this cessation in flower development. † Methods Inflorescences were harvested across an annual cycle and flower development was examined by light ...
Tyrosine cross-linking of extracellular matrix is catalyzed by Duox, a
... and consists of a COOH-terminal flavoprotein domain containing the NADPH-binding site (Rotrosen et al., 1992; Segal et al., 1992; Taylor et al., 1993; Takeshige and Sumimoto, 1994) and an NH2-terminal hydrophobic region comprised of five to six transmembrane helices and harboring the two heme grou ...
... and consists of a COOH-terminal flavoprotein domain containing the NADPH-binding site (Rotrosen et al., 1992; Segal et al., 1992; Taylor et al., 1993; Takeshige and Sumimoto, 1994) and an NH2-terminal hydrophobic region comprised of five to six transmembrane helices and harboring the two heme grou ...
Molecular Cloning of a Human Ca2+-dependent Cell
... hhP23 cDNA are shown in Figs. 1 and 2, respectively. MAP23 contains an insert consisting of 3,171 nucleotides, which show 77.0% homology with the nucleotide sequence of mouse P-cadherin cDNA (17). The open reading frame begins with an ATG codon at positions 54-56, terminates at a TAG codon at positi ...
... hhP23 cDNA are shown in Figs. 1 and 2, respectively. MAP23 contains an insert consisting of 3,171 nucleotides, which show 77.0% homology with the nucleotide sequence of mouse P-cadherin cDNA (17). The open reading frame begins with an ATG codon at positions 54-56, terminates at a TAG codon at positi ...
A cap `n` collar protein isoform contains a selective Hox repressor
... the introns. All mutant and parental chromosomes were heterozygous and balanced over TM3 Sb 35UZ (Irvine et al., 1991). DNA was extracted from 1 g of flies according to standard protocols and isolated on a CsCl gradient. Regions of the genome were PCR amplified using nested primers chosen from cDNA ...
... the introns. All mutant and parental chromosomes were heterozygous and balanced over TM3 Sb 35UZ (Irvine et al., 1991). DNA was extracted from 1 g of flies according to standard protocols and isolated on a CsCl gradient. Regions of the genome were PCR amplified using nested primers chosen from cDNA ...
Effects of Protein-Deprivation on the Regeneration of Rat Liver after
... 1972), rRNA and mRNA content (Atryzek & Fausto, 1979), and ornithine decarboxylase activity (Fausto, 1969, 1971). The relationships between each of these events and the timing and magnitude of DNA synthesis during the regenerative process are still poorly understood. Because of the central role of t ...
... 1972), rRNA and mRNA content (Atryzek & Fausto, 1979), and ornithine decarboxylase activity (Fausto, 1969, 1971). The relationships between each of these events and the timing and magnitude of DNA synthesis during the regenerative process are still poorly understood. Because of the central role of t ...
MORE ABOUT SOLUTIONS - Bio-Link
... nucleotides Single-stranded and shorter than chromosomal DNA. ...
... nucleotides Single-stranded and shorter than chromosomal DNA. ...
Etoposide Phosphate Enhances the Acetylation Level
... Protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells is a complicated process which requires hundreds of proteins and RNAs. The translation process includes three phases: initiation, elongation, and termination. Many studies indicated that the regulation of the elongation phase can be important during the cell cyc ...
... Protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells is a complicated process which requires hundreds of proteins and RNAs. The translation process includes three phases: initiation, elongation, and termination. Many studies indicated that the regulation of the elongation phase can be important during the cell cyc ...
DNA replication - Olympic High School
... single high density band - all DNA molecules contained the "heavy" nitrogen. ･DNA taken from the two generations after the switch contained an intermediate-density band - DNA contained a "heavy" DNA strand from the parent and a complementary "light" DNA strand. ･Density results from generation 3, di ...
... single high density band - all DNA molecules contained the "heavy" nitrogen. ･DNA taken from the two generations after the switch contained an intermediate-density band - DNA contained a "heavy" DNA strand from the parent and a complementary "light" DNA strand. ･Density results from generation 3, di ...
Chapter 5 Macromolecules
... • When phospholipids are added to water, they self-assemble into a bilayer, with the hydrophobic tails pointing toward the interior • The structure of phospholipids results in a bilayer arrangement found in cell membranes • Phospholipids are the major component of all ...
... • When phospholipids are added to water, they self-assemble into a bilayer, with the hydrophobic tails pointing toward the interior • The structure of phospholipids results in a bilayer arrangement found in cell membranes • Phospholipids are the major component of all ...
LNA-PNA Comparison4
... The incorporation of LNA in an oligonucleotide increases the affinity of that oligonucleotide for its complementary RNA or DNA target by increasing the melting temperature (Tm) of the duplex. Additionally, the Tm difference between a perfectly matched target and a mismatched target is substantially ...
... The incorporation of LNA in an oligonucleotide increases the affinity of that oligonucleotide for its complementary RNA or DNA target by increasing the melting temperature (Tm) of the duplex. Additionally, the Tm difference between a perfectly matched target and a mismatched target is substantially ...
GRA Proteins of Toxoplasma gondii: Maintenance of Host
... has an N-terminal secretory signal sequence and a transmembrane domain consistent with its insertion into the PVM. GRA3 possesses a dilysine 'KKXX' endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retrieval motif that rationalizes its association with PVM and possibly the host cell ER. Immunodominant regions encoded by G ...
... has an N-terminal secretory signal sequence and a transmembrane domain consistent with its insertion into the PVM. GRA3 possesses a dilysine 'KKXX' endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retrieval motif that rationalizes its association with PVM and possibly the host cell ER. Immunodominant regions encoded by G ...
Biosynthesis of heme in mammals
... In contrast to ALAS, there is only a single ALAD gene in humans, located on chromosome 9q34 [32], which consists of two alternatively spliced non-coding exons (1A and 1B) and eleven coding exons (Fig. 4) [33]. The translational start site (ATG) is located in exon 2. A “housekeeping” promoter is loca ...
... In contrast to ALAS, there is only a single ALAD gene in humans, located on chromosome 9q34 [32], which consists of two alternatively spliced non-coding exons (1A and 1B) and eleven coding exons (Fig. 4) [33]. The translational start site (ATG) is located in exon 2. A “housekeeping” promoter is loca ...
The novel genome organization of the insect picorna
... DCV showed that the genomic RNA contains two large open reading frames (ORFs), nucleotides 775–6075 (ORF-1) and 6420–8969 (ORF-2). One more ORF (greater than 10 kDa) was identified, nucleotides 2225–2602, which is contained within the sequence encoding ORF-1 but in the 1 frame. ORF-1 and ORF-2 acco ...
... DCV showed that the genomic RNA contains two large open reading frames (ORFs), nucleotides 775–6075 (ORF-1) and 6420–8969 (ORF-2). One more ORF (greater than 10 kDa) was identified, nucleotides 2225–2602, which is contained within the sequence encoding ORF-1 but in the 1 frame. ORF-1 and ORF-2 acco ...
Enzyme Properties - Illinois Institute of Technology
... on the ribosome in an inactive form, viz. as a zymogen The conversions that alter the ribosomally encoded protein into its active form is an instance of post-translational modification ...
... on the ribosome in an inactive form, viz. as a zymogen The conversions that alter the ribosomally encoded protein into its active form is an instance of post-translational modification ...
Document
... Protein fingerprinting is a technique used to compare proteins from different species. Species which are closely related have similar protein fingerprints. Samples of protein are extracted from cells, separated by gel electrophoresis, then stained to make each type of protein show up as a band. The ...
... Protein fingerprinting is a technique used to compare proteins from different species. Species which are closely related have similar protein fingerprints. Samples of protein are extracted from cells, separated by gel electrophoresis, then stained to make each type of protein show up as a band. The ...
Chapter Five - DORAS
... The entire foxB gene was amplified from P. aeruginosa PAO1 genomic DNA using the forward primer foxBF1 and reverse primer foxBR1 (figure 5.4). The forward and reverse primers were designed to incorporate an EcoRІ site and a PstІ site respectively into the PCR product. The reverse primer was designed ...
... The entire foxB gene was amplified from P. aeruginosa PAO1 genomic DNA using the forward primer foxBF1 and reverse primer foxBR1 (figure 5.4). The forward and reverse primers were designed to incorporate an EcoRІ site and a PstІ site respectively into the PCR product. The reverse primer was designed ...
Molecular analysis of an operon in Bacillus subtilis
... present. In addition, between the Walker motifs I and 11, EcsA contains a glutamine- and glycine-rich motif (consensus L/FSGGQQ/R/KQR) that is well-conserved in the ATP-binding components of ABC-transporters (Ames e t al., 1992). Homology that extends beyond the ATP-binding motifs was observed betwe ...
... present. In addition, between the Walker motifs I and 11, EcsA contains a glutamine- and glycine-rich motif (consensus L/FSGGQQ/R/KQR) that is well-conserved in the ATP-binding components of ABC-transporters (Ames e t al., 1992). Homology that extends beyond the ATP-binding motifs was observed betwe ...
File - Hoblitzell`s Science Spot
... 17. Amino acids are wasted (not used to build protein or nitrogen-containing compounds) whenever there is: ...
... 17. Amino acids are wasted (not used to build protein or nitrogen-containing compounds) whenever there is: ...
by plasmid
... (5) Control mechanisms of plasmid replication (5) (using ColE1-derive plasmid as an example) i. Replication is regulated mostly through a small plasmidencoded RNA I which interferes with the processing of RNA II ii. RNA II is cleaved by the RNA endonuclease RNase H, releasing a 3’ hydroxyl group th ...
... (5) Control mechanisms of plasmid replication (5) (using ColE1-derive plasmid as an example) i. Replication is regulated mostly through a small plasmidencoded RNA I which interferes with the processing of RNA II ii. RNA II is cleaved by the RNA endonuclease RNase H, releasing a 3’ hydroxyl group th ...
Chemically Mediated Site-Specific Proteolysis. Alteration of Protein
... tRNA-COH, 1.0 A260 unit of protected aminoacyl-pdCpA (510-fold molar excess), 10% dimethyl sulfoxide, and 200 units of T4 RNA ligase. After incubation at 37 °C for 45 min, the reaction was quenched by the addition of 0.1 volume of 3 M sodium acetate, pH 5.2, and the tRNA was precipitated with 2.5 vo ...
... tRNA-COH, 1.0 A260 unit of protected aminoacyl-pdCpA (510-fold molar excess), 10% dimethyl sulfoxide, and 200 units of T4 RNA ligase. After incubation at 37 °C for 45 min, the reaction was quenched by the addition of 0.1 volume of 3 M sodium acetate, pH 5.2, and the tRNA was precipitated with 2.5 vo ...
Julie Thompson – IGBMC
... Joint presence or joint absence of two traits across large numbers of species can be used to infer a biological connection ...
... Joint presence or joint absence of two traits across large numbers of species can be used to infer a biological connection ...
Costs of life - Dynamics of the protein inventory of
... virtual life into real cellular physiology. Within the ensemble of OMICs techniques proteomics holds a privileged position because proteins execute and regulate most cellular functions in all organisms. Metabolite data, in turn, provide a readout of the function and activity of proteins. Because of ...
... virtual life into real cellular physiology. Within the ensemble of OMICs techniques proteomics holds a privileged position because proteins execute and regulate most cellular functions in all organisms. Metabolite data, in turn, provide a readout of the function and activity of proteins. Because of ...
PROTEIN SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION - PolyU
... Identifying the functions of proteins is one of the fundamental targets in proteomics research. The subcellular locations of proteins can have significant influence on their functional characteristics. However, determination of subcellular localization entirely by laboratory tests is both time-consu ...
... Identifying the functions of proteins is one of the fundamental targets in proteomics research. The subcellular locations of proteins can have significant influence on their functional characteristics. However, determination of subcellular localization entirely by laboratory tests is both time-consu ...
Gene expression
Gene expression is the process by which information from a gene is used in the synthesis of a functional gene product. These products are often proteins, but in non-protein coding genes such as transfer RNA (tRNA) or small nuclear RNA (snRNA) genes, the product is a functional RNA.The process of gene expression is used by all known life - eukaryotes (including multicellular organisms), prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea), and utilized by viruses - to generate the macromolecular machinery for life.Several steps in the gene expression process may be modulated, including the transcription, RNA splicing, translation, and post-translational modification of a protein. Gene regulation gives the cell control over structure and function, and is the basis for cellular differentiation, morphogenesis and the versatility and adaptability of any organism. Gene regulation may also serve as a substrate for evolutionary change, since control of the timing, location, and amount of gene expression can have a profound effect on the functions (actions) of the gene in a cell or in a multicellular organism.In genetics, gene expression is the most fundamental level at which the genotype gives rise to the phenotype, i.e. observable trait. The genetic code stored in DNA is ""interpreted"" by gene expression, and the properties of the expression give rise to the organism's phenotype. Such phenotypes are often expressed by the synthesis of proteins that control the organism's shape, or that act as enzymes catalysing specific metabolic pathways characterising the organism.