SURVEY AND SUMMARY New insights into Hoogsteen base pairs
... which the adenine base was flipped 180◦ to form a unique set of hydrogen bonds (H-bonds) (Figure 1). Two years earlier, Rich et al. had speculated that such a pairing scheme could explain how poly(rU) associates with poly(rA)-poly(rU) duplexes to form RNA triplexes (2). These bps are now referred to ...
... which the adenine base was flipped 180◦ to form a unique set of hydrogen bonds (H-bonds) (Figure 1). Two years earlier, Rich et al. had speculated that such a pairing scheme could explain how poly(rU) associates with poly(rA)-poly(rU) duplexes to form RNA triplexes (2). These bps are now referred to ...
The DNA of Snakes - WorldComp Proceedings
... most of the transitions have been paired with more than 1 transition in the DNA (shown as the highlighted grey area). Also since there is more than one point of symmetry their pairing varies for three ways of finding the point of symmetry, i.e. {(3, 4), (3), (4)}. Say for example “5” can be paired w ...
... most of the transitions have been paired with more than 1 transition in the DNA (shown as the highlighted grey area). Also since there is more than one point of symmetry their pairing varies for three ways of finding the point of symmetry, i.e. {(3, 4), (3), (4)}. Say for example “5” can be paired w ...
UNIT – I: NUCLEIC ACID AND PROTEIN SYNTHESIS AND
... base, uracil , which can also base pair with adenine In addition, RNA molecules normally exist as a single polynucletide strand and do not form a double helix. However, it is possible for base pairing to occur between complementary parts of the same RNA strand resulting in short double stranded regi ...
... base, uracil , which can also base pair with adenine In addition, RNA molecules normally exist as a single polynucletide strand and do not form a double helix. However, it is possible for base pairing to occur between complementary parts of the same RNA strand resulting in short double stranded regi ...
Human DNA Ligase IV and the Ligase IV/XRCC4 Complex: Analysis
... FIGURE 1: NHEJ can proceed via multiple routes. By transforming mammalian cells with linearized plasmids containing different combinations of termini (blunt, sticky, compatible, and incompatible) and then sequencing the rejoined products, both the activities employed during NHEJ and the order in whi ...
... FIGURE 1: NHEJ can proceed via multiple routes. By transforming mammalian cells with linearized plasmids containing different combinations of termini (blunt, sticky, compatible, and incompatible) and then sequencing the rejoined products, both the activities employed during NHEJ and the order in whi ...
“The function and synthesis of ribosomes.” Nature Reviews Mol Cell
... of translation, and a key function of the small subunit is to discriminate against aminoacyl-tRNAs that do not match the codon on the message48. This crucial step in the decoding process was poorly understood until the demonstration that the conformation of several residues on the 16S rRNA is sensit ...
... of translation, and a key function of the small subunit is to discriminate against aminoacyl-tRNAs that do not match the codon on the message48. This crucial step in the decoding process was poorly understood until the demonstration that the conformation of several residues on the 16S rRNA is sensit ...
DNA sequence selectivity of guanine–N7 alkylation by nitrogen
... corresponding microdensitometric scans in figure 5, mechlorethamine (lanes c and d), L-phenylalanine mustard (lanes e and f ) , and quinacrine mustard (lanes h and i) reacted strongly with these runs of guanines. From the microdensitometric analysis the average intensity of guanines within the runs ...
... corresponding microdensitometric scans in figure 5, mechlorethamine (lanes c and d), L-phenylalanine mustard (lanes e and f ) , and quinacrine mustard (lanes h and i) reacted strongly with these runs of guanines. From the microdensitometric analysis the average intensity of guanines within the runs ...
the function and synthesis of ribosomes
... of translation, and a key function of the small subunit is to discriminate against aminoacyl-tRNAs that do not match the codon on the message48. This crucial step in the decoding process was poorly understood until the demonstration that the conformation of several residues on the 16S rRNA is sensit ...
... of translation, and a key function of the small subunit is to discriminate against aminoacyl-tRNAs that do not match the codon on the message48. This crucial step in the decoding process was poorly understood until the demonstration that the conformation of several residues on the 16S rRNA is sensit ...
Gene regulation in three dimensions
... 1D view the genome is seen as a linear string of nucleotides, where one or more transcription factors (TFs) bind to transcription factor binding sites (TFBSs), and thereby regulate the expression of genes that are nearby in the linear genomic sequence. The 2D process can be described with DNA loopin ...
... 1D view the genome is seen as a linear string of nucleotides, where one or more transcription factors (TFs) bind to transcription factor binding sites (TFBSs), and thereby regulate the expression of genes that are nearby in the linear genomic sequence. The 2D process can be described with DNA loopin ...
Basic 2D gel protocols - Personal Web Site Joel Huberman
... In our experience, this does not lead to detectable damage to replicating molecules during the run; note, however, that our runs are carried out overnight with room lights off. It is a good idea, if using ethidium bromide in the first dimension gel, to minimize exposure of the gel to light. The samp ...
... In our experience, this does not lead to detectable damage to replicating molecules during the run; note, however, that our runs are carried out overnight with room lights off. It is a good idea, if using ethidium bromide in the first dimension gel, to minimize exposure of the gel to light. The samp ...
Plant centromeres: structure and control Eric J Richards and R Kelly
... controlling sister chromatid adhesion and driving chromosome movement. Despite their importance, centromeres remain poorly understood, especially in multicellular eukaryotes with large chromosomes. One of the themes developing from work on centromeres in humans and Drosophila is that the centromeric ...
... controlling sister chromatid adhesion and driving chromosome movement. Despite their importance, centromeres remain poorly understood, especially in multicellular eukaryotes with large chromosomes. One of the themes developing from work on centromeres in humans and Drosophila is that the centromeric ...
Resolving the Discrepancies Among Nucleic Acid Conformational
... the base-pair reference frame that arises naturally as the ``middle frame'' between complementary bases (see below). Here, we illustrate and account for differences among algorithms using representative crystal structures from the Nucleic Acid Database (NDB; Berman et al., 1992). Conflicting structu ...
... the base-pair reference frame that arises naturally as the ``middle frame'' between complementary bases (see below). Here, we illustrate and account for differences among algorithms using representative crystal structures from the Nucleic Acid Database (NDB; Berman et al., 1992). Conflicting structu ...
Polymerase Chain Reaction In Ophthalmology
... target DNA location of the pathogen is pleomorphic. • PCR cannot detect the organism for which primers have not been provided. So a narrow and well defined differential diagnosis is required for PCR to be effectively useful. PCR and Koch's postulates 6, 7 Koch's postulates include isolation of suspe ...
... target DNA location of the pathogen is pleomorphic. • PCR cannot detect the organism for which primers have not been provided. So a narrow and well defined differential diagnosis is required for PCR to be effectively useful. PCR and Koch's postulates 6, 7 Koch's postulates include isolation of suspe ...
Unit 30C Cell Division, Genetics, and Molecular
... diagram in Figure 3. Condensed chromosomes may be either unduplicated or duplicated. In a duplicated chromosome, the original chromosome and its duplicate are attached to each other by a structure called the centromere. While attached to one another, the two chromosome duplicates are called sister c ...
... diagram in Figure 3. Condensed chromosomes may be either unduplicated or duplicated. In a duplicated chromosome, the original chromosome and its duplicate are attached to each other by a structure called the centromere. While attached to one another, the two chromosome duplicates are called sister c ...
The physics behind the larger scale organization of DNA in eukaryotes
... a 21.3 nm wide fiber with an NLD of 0.56 nucleosome nm−1 [19]. This might point to a 3-ribbon structure. The small discrepancy can be attributed to the approximations involved in the model that start to matter at such small fiber diameters. 2.3. Energetics: elasticity and electrostatics One importan ...
... a 21.3 nm wide fiber with an NLD of 0.56 nucleosome nm−1 [19]. This might point to a 3-ribbon structure. The small discrepancy can be attributed to the approximations involved in the model that start to matter at such small fiber diameters. 2.3. Energetics: elasticity and electrostatics One importan ...
Complete
... as Brownian ratchets, structures that permit Brownian motion in only one direction [1–7]. When particles flow through such an array driven by an electric field (Fig. 2.1A), particles diffusing to the left (path 1; Fig. 2.1A) are blocked and deflected back to gap B, whereas those diffusing to the rig ...
... as Brownian ratchets, structures that permit Brownian motion in only one direction [1–7]. When particles flow through such an array driven by an electric field (Fig. 2.1A), particles diffusing to the left (path 1; Fig. 2.1A) are blocked and deflected back to gap B, whereas those diffusing to the rig ...
Laboratory manual for the diagnosis of whooping cough caused by... pertussis/ Bordetella parapertussis
... Even in high-coverage countries, pertussis disease continues to cause severe illness and death among neonates and infants too young to have completed the primary vaccination series. Active primary immunization against B. pertussis infection is recommended with three doses of a vaccine consisting of ...
... Even in high-coverage countries, pertussis disease continues to cause severe illness and death among neonates and infants too young to have completed the primary vaccination series. Active primary immunization against B. pertussis infection is recommended with three doses of a vaccine consisting of ...
Engineered bacteriophage-defence systems in bioprocessing
... groups, they displayed similar gene-expression patterns. Phage DT1 possesses 18 early-, 12 middle- and 12 late-expressed genes, whereas phage 2972 has 16 early-, 11 middle- and 14 late-expressed genes. In both phages, all of the early-expressed genes were adjacent to one another and comprised the pu ...
... groups, they displayed similar gene-expression patterns. Phage DT1 possesses 18 early-, 12 middle- and 12 late-expressed genes, whereas phage 2972 has 16 early-, 11 middle- and 14 late-expressed genes. In both phages, all of the early-expressed genes were adjacent to one another and comprised the pu ...
Molecular Biology and Applied Genetics
... approach, in which the gene products themselves are purified and their activities studied in vitro. Genetics tells that a gene product has a role in the process that are studying in vivo, but it doesn’t necessarily tell how direct that role is. Biochemistry, by contrast, tells what a factor can do i ...
... approach, in which the gene products themselves are purified and their activities studied in vitro. Genetics tells that a gene product has a role in the process that are studying in vivo, but it doesn’t necessarily tell how direct that role is. Biochemistry, by contrast, tells what a factor can do i ...
J Urol - prostata
... PURPOSE: DNA ploidy has consistently been found to be a correlate of prostate cancer patient outcome. However, a minority of studies have used pretreatment diagnostic material and have involved radiotherapy (RT)-treated patients. In this retrospective study, the predictive value of DNA ploidy was ev ...
... PURPOSE: DNA ploidy has consistently been found to be a correlate of prostate cancer patient outcome. However, a minority of studies have used pretreatment diagnostic material and have involved radiotherapy (RT)-treated patients. In this retrospective study, the predictive value of DNA ploidy was ev ...
Molecular Biology of Transcription and RNA Processing
... The central dogma of biology describes the flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein (see Figure 1.8). It conveys that DNA is the repository of genetic information, which is converted through transcription into RNA, one type of which is then translated into protein. Transcription is the ...
... The central dogma of biology describes the flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein (see Figure 1.8). It conveys that DNA is the repository of genetic information, which is converted through transcription into RNA, one type of which is then translated into protein. Transcription is the ...
Replisome
The replisome is a complex molecular machine that carries out replication of DNA. The replisome first unwinds double stranded DNA into two single strands. For each of the resulting single strands, a new complementary sequence of DNA is synthesized. The net result is formation of two new double stranded DNA sequences that are exact copies of the original double stranded DNA sequence.In terms of structure, the replisome is composed of two replicative polymerase complexes, one of which synthesizes the leading strand, while the other synthesizes the lagging strand. The replisome is composed of a number of proteins including helicase, RFC, PCNA, gyrase/topoisomerase, SSB/RPA, primase, DNA polymerase I, RNAse H, and ligase.