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Use of Vaginal Estrogen in Women with Pelvic Floor
Use of Vaginal Estrogen in Women with Pelvic Floor

... have worried many women. It is important to know that estrogen used vaginally in small amounts is different. For many years, vaginal estrogen has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to treat problems like discomfort with sex or urination, if they are caused by atrophy. In 2010, bo ...
What is naproxen and why is it given?
What is naproxen and why is it given?

... drug (NSAID). It is commonly used to treat pain and swelling in arthritis. It may also be used to treat fever, backache, headache, and menstrual cramps. ...
Acne and birth control pills
Acne and birth control pills

... Increased oil production is a common problem for women if they have excess androgen production. This production can be highest just before menstruation starts. It appears that low-dosage birth control pills can decrease the presence of excess androgen, thereby decreasing breakouts and alleviating an ...
PowerPoint: 2.8MB - Bronchoscopy International
PowerPoint: 2.8MB - Bronchoscopy International

... once bleeding has stopped. Inspection bronchoscopy (with or without clot removal can be performed the ...
Uterine Artery Embolization
Uterine Artery Embolization

... treatment for women who have symptomatic uterine fibroids since 1995. Thousands of women have undergone this procedure worldwide. UAE has been performed at The Ottawa Hospital to treat symptomatic uterine fibroids since March 1998. UAE was initially done to limit blood loss during the surgical remov ...
Ayman Sobhy Elsayed Mustafa_1. AUB
Ayman Sobhy Elsayed Mustafa_1. AUB

... used outside research settings (The menorrhagia research group, 2004). Treatment of HMB aims to reduce menstrual loss and hence to improve the quality of life of the individuals. First-line treatment is drug therapy. The most commonly used drugs are tranexamic acid (an antifibrinolytic drug), mefena ...
Hysterosalpingogram (HSG)
Hysterosalpingogram (HSG)

... ovaries or diagnose endometriosis. Frequently, side views of the uterus and tubes are obtained by having the patient change her position on the table. After the HSG, a patient can immediately resume normal activities, although some physicians ask that the woman refrain from intercourse for a few day ...
SPOTlight
SPOTlight

... When the trigeminal neuralgia recurs, medical therapy should come first. MRI brain scan has to be repeated. For those have the MVD before, re-do MVD is possible.(16) 66% showed arachnoid adhesion around the ...
The Effect of Relaxation and Positive Self
The Effect of Relaxation and Positive Self

... Another stress management technique is to guide attitudes and feelings by controlling our inner dialogue. In this way, we can begin to assert control in all parts of our life. Self-talk is a kind of inner dialogue. In addition, selftalk is inner dialogue with us (9). When you are thinking about a su ...
A Guide for Patients - New England Fertility
A Guide for Patients - New England Fertility

... excessive menstrual bleeding and have become anemic, GnRH analogs may decrease vaginal bleeding. This medication, in combination with iron supplements, may improve anemia prior to surgery, allowing for the possibility of banking blood prior to surgery. Hormonal therapies such as birth control pills ...
Uterine Artery Embolization for Symptomatic Leiomyomata
Uterine Artery Embolization for Symptomatic Leiomyomata

... artery embolization has emerged over the last decade as a popular and effective nonsurgical option. Uterine artery embolization has been performed by interventional radiologists for over two decades to treat pelvic hemorrhage following delivery/abortion, ectopic pregnancy, gestational trophoblastic ...
COMPLICATIONS OF LABOR AND DELIVERY
COMPLICATIONS OF LABOR AND DELIVERY

... – Dilation and effacement of the cervix does not occur. – Prolonged latent phase. Stay at 2 - 3 cm. don’t dilate as should – Fetal distress occurs early– uterine resting tone is high, decreasing placental perfusion. – Anxious and discouraged ...
Concepts of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology
Concepts of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology

... covering cells and spilling onto the background. The minute dark specks covering the superficial cells in the image below are bacteria. ...
PATIENT`S FACT SHEET Hysterosalpingogram (HSG)
PATIENT`S FACT SHEET Hysterosalpingogram (HSG)

... ovaries or diagnose endometriosis. Frequently, side views of the uterus and tubes are obtained by having the patient change her position on the table. After the HSG, a patient can immediately resume normal activities, although some physicians ask that the woman refrain from intercourse for a few day ...
vaginal discharge in dogs
vaginal discharge in dogs

...  Urine or feces—with congenital (present at birth) anatomic abnormalities  Acquired (condition that develops sometime later in life/after birth) inflammation of the skin around the vulva (perivulvar dermatitis) also can be mistaken for vaginal discharge  Urine from ectopic ureters or lack of cont ...
Premenstrual syndrome Evidence-based treatment in family practice CME Sue Douglas,
Premenstrual syndrome Evidence-based treatment in family practice CME Sue Douglas,

... It seems counterintuitive that a treatment to suppress ovulation does not also alleviate PMS symptoms. There is some evidence, however, that it is not ovulation per se that underlies PMS, but rather the brain’s response to fluctuating hormone levels in susceptible women that triggers symptoms.2 Beca ...
pyometra_and_cystic_endometrial_hyperplasia
pyometra_and_cystic_endometrial_hyperplasia

... • Aglepristone—effectiveness improved with prostaglandin treatment at the same time; not readily available in the United States • Cabergoline—for 7–14 days with prostaglandin treatment • Drugs that enhance the immune response (such as estrogens) or certain agents (such as oxytocin and ergot), which ...
pyometra_and_cystic_endometrial_hyperplasia
pyometra_and_cystic_endometrial_hyperplasia

... • Aglepristone—effectiveness improved with prostaglandin treatment at the same time; not readily available in the United States • Cabergoline—for 7–14 days with prostaglandin treatment • Drugs that enhance the immune response (such as estrogens) or certain agents (such as oxytocin and ergot), which ...
PRESCRIBING INFORMATION Pr SELECT 1/35* (Norethindrone 1
PRESCRIBING INFORMATION Pr SELECT 1/35* (Norethindrone 1

... Screening for Cancer of the Cervix. Their suggestion was that, for women who had two consecutive negative Pap smears, screening could be continued every three years up to the age of 69. ...
NHFC Patient Handbook
NHFC Patient Handbook

... often unknown, immune system diseases, radiation, chemotherapy and smoking are often associated with this condition. • Elevated prolactin: Prolactin is the hormone that, when elevated, stimulates breast milk production. In women who are not pregnant or nursing elevated prolactin can negatively affec ...
Uterine Fibroid Embolization
Uterine Fibroid Embolization

... Most patients having uterine fibroid embolization remain overnight in the hospital for pain control and observation. Patients typically experience pelvic cramps for several days after uterine fibroid embolization, and possibly mild nausea and low-grade fever as well. The cramps are most severe durin ...
OBSTETRICS & GYNAECOLOGY
OBSTETRICS & GYNAECOLOGY

... Prophylactic - all woman of reproductive age should be given 400mcg of folic acid daily Preventive daily or intermittent iron or iron+folic acid supplementation taken by women during pregnancy reduces anaemia in mothers. There is evidence that taking iron or iron and folic acid daily or intermittent ...
Document
Document

... blood infusion as necessary coagulopathy correcion It is all too easy to forget these basic steps in a desire to evaluate and manage massive GI hemorrhage! ...
Prescribing Information GYNERA Tablets
Prescribing Information GYNERA Tablets

... 7. Significant rise in blood pressure. 8. Onset of severe depression. 9. Severe upper abdominal pain or liver enlargement. 10. Clear exacerbation of conditions known to be capable of deteriorating during oral contraception or pregnancy. 11. Pregnancy is a reason for stopping immediately because it h ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... Bleeding Pattern Mild Once a year Joint and muscle bleed unusual except with significant trauma Trauma-induced or contact sports: significant hematomas Internal deep bleeding only with significant trauma Post op bleeding ...
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Menstruation



Menstruation, also known as a period or monthly, is the regular discharge of blood and mucosal tissue from the inner lining of the uterus through the vagina. Up to 80% of women report having some symptoms prior to menstruation. Common symptoms include acne, tender breasts, bloating, feeling tired, irritability, and mood changes. These symptoms interfere with normal life and therefore qualify as premenstrual syndrome in 20 to 30% of women. In 3 to 8%, they are severe.The first period usually begins between twelve and fifteen years of age, a point in time known as menarche. However, periods may occasionally start as young as eight years old and still be considered ""normal"". The average age of the first period is generally later in the developing world and earlier in developed world. The typical length of time between the first day of one period and the first day of the next is 21 to 45 days in young women and 21 to 31 days in adults (an average of 28 days). Menstruation stops occurring after menopause which usually occurs between 45 and 55 years of age. Bleeding usually lasts around 2 to 7 days.The menstrual cycle occurs due to the rise and fall of hormones. This cycle results in the thickening of the lining of the uterus and production of an egg which is required for pregnancy. The egg is released around day fourteen in the cycle and the thickened lining of the uterus is to provide nutrients for a potential developing baby. If pregnancy does not occur, the lining is released in what is known as menstruation.A number of problems with menstruation may occur. A lack of periods, known as amenorrhea, is when periods do not occur by age 15 or have not occurred in 90 days. Periods also stop during pregnancy and typically do not resume during the initial months of breastfeeding. Other problems include painful periods and abnormal bleeding such as bleeding between periods or heavy bleeding. Menstruation also occurs in some other animals including shrews, bats, and other primates such as apes and monkeys.
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