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CA_3_Encoding - KTU
CA_3_Encoding - KTU

... This is known as the significand, or sometimes the mantissa. The length of the significand determines the precision to which numbers can be represented. A signed integer exponent, also referred to as the characteristic, which modifies the magnitude of the ...
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... • Rule #2 – If the signs are different pretend the signs aren’t there. Subtract the smaller number from the larger one and put the sign of the one with the larger absolute value in front of your answer. ...
Error Notes - Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental
Error Notes - Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental

... roundoff error. Within in the range of representable numbers on any computer, there is a finite number of quantities that can be represented. Approximation of number like (1) irrational numbers or (2) rational numbers that do not precisely match one of the values in the set of representable numbers ...
Chapter 1-2, Supp. 1
Chapter 1-2, Supp. 1

... – If the digit is less than 5 all the digits to the right of the place you are rounding become zero – If the digit is 5 or greater, the place you are rounding to is increased by 1 and all the digits to the right of the place you are rounding become zero – Drop zeros to the right of the decimal place ...
seventh grade you should know
seventh grade you should know

... divisor, you must move that decimal to the end of the number and then move the decimal point the same number of places in the dividend. Divide like normal and move the decimal point straight up ...
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10: review sheets basic mathematics math 010

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Chapter 4 Study Guide
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significant figures

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Math - Simpson County Schools

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MAT018B
MAT018B

... Ex: (Often you divide up and attach the units with a slash. Ex 18.5 miles/hour) II. “Unit price” is the amount of money for one. (That’s what unit means.) The safest way to calculate it is again using a proportion! Ex: What is unit price if 14 oz for 42¢? ...
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... the number you are rounding to is 5 and there’s nothing after it? • That means you are perfectly in the middle. • Half of the time you must round up and half of the time you must round down. • There are 2 rules for this ...
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... Estimating Sums and Differences When an exact answer is not necessary, an estimate can be used. The most common method of estimating sums and differences is called “front-end rounding”, which is to round each number to its largest place value, so that all but the first digit of the number is 0. Exam ...
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g6_ch01_01
g6_ch01_01

... Sometimes in math you do not need an exact answer. Instead, you can use an estimate. Estimates are close to the exact answer but are usually easier and faster to find. When estimating, you can round the numbers in the problem to compatible numbers. Compatible numbers are close to the numbers in the ...
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... Sometimes in math you do not need an exact answer. Instead, you can use an estimate. Estimates are close to the exact answer but are usually easier and faster to find. When estimating, you can round the numbers in the problem to compatible numbers. Compatible numbers are close to the numbers in the ...
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... Integers • Integers are whole numbers that describe opposite ideas in mathematics. • Integers can either be negative(-), positive(+) or zero. • The integer zero is neutral. It is neither positive nor negative, but is an integer. • Integers can be represented on a number line, which can help us und ...
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Condition numbers; floating point

... If t5 and t6 are not small but t5 − t6 is small, the relative error in t7 could be quite large – even though the absolute error remains small. This effect of a large relative error due to a small result in a subtraction is called cancellation. In this case, if the relative error is one or larger, th ...
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Rounding

Rounding a numerical value means replacing it by another value that is approximately equal but has a shorter, simpler, or more explicit representation; for example, replacing £23.4476 with £23.45, or the fraction 312/937 with 1/3, or the expression √2 with 1.414.Rounding is often done to obtain a value that is easier to report and communicate than the original. Rounding can also be important to avoid misleadingly precise reporting of a computed number, measurement or estimate; for example, a quantity that was computed as 123,456 but is known to be accurate only to within a few hundred units is better stated as ""about 123,500.""On the other hand, rounding of exact numbers will introduce some round-off error in the reported result. Rounding is almost unavoidable when reporting many computations — especially when dividing two numbers in integer or fixed-point arithmetic; when computing mathematical functions such as square roots, logarithms, and sines; or when using a floating point representation with a fixed number of significant digits. In a sequence of calculations, these rounding errors generally accumulate, and in certain ill-conditioned cases they may make the result meaningless.Accurate rounding of transcendental mathematical functions is difficult because the number of extra digits that need to be calculated to resolve whether to round up or down cannot be known in advance. This problem is known as ""the table-maker's dilemma"".Rounding has many similarities to the quantization that occurs when physical quantities must be encoded by numbers or digital signals.A wavy equals sign (≈) is sometimes used to indicate rounding of exact numbers. For example: 9.98 ≈ 10.
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