PDF
... equilibrium trade model, the LTEM, show clearly that while these mitigation strategies achieve the goal of GHG reduction, producer returns are also negatively affected. The value of these changes in emissions are then calculated, based on US$15/tonne of carbon dioxide (CO2), and producer returns adj ...
... equilibrium trade model, the LTEM, show clearly that while these mitigation strategies achieve the goal of GHG reduction, producer returns are also negatively affected. The value of these changes in emissions are then calculated, based on US$15/tonne of carbon dioxide (CO2), and producer returns adj ...
Climate Change: Issues Underlying Negotiations at the Bali Conference of Parties
... which involves identifying impacts of climate change and taking measures to deal with the impacts. In its fourth report, the IPCC concluded, “There is high confidence that neither adaptation nor mitigation alone can avoid all climate change impacts; however they can complement each other and togethe ...
... which involves identifying impacts of climate change and taking measures to deal with the impacts. In its fourth report, the IPCC concluded, “There is high confidence that neither adaptation nor mitigation alone can avoid all climate change impacts; however they can complement each other and togethe ...
Properly designed emissions trading schemes do work!: Working
... The Centre for Climate Change Economics and Policy (CCCEP) was established by the University of Leeds and the London School of Economics and Political Science in 2008 to advance public and private action on climate change through innovative, rigorous research. The Centre is funded by the UK Economi ...
... The Centre for Climate Change Economics and Policy (CCCEP) was established by the University of Leeds and the London School of Economics and Political Science in 2008 to advance public and private action on climate change through innovative, rigorous research. The Centre is funded by the UK Economi ...
Carbon Majors Factsheet
... have responsibility for their greenhouse gas emissions to date, and therefore a share in a collective responsibility for the damage resulting from climate change now and in the future. Some of them still plan to exploit untapped oil, gas and coal reserves while the living systems of the planet are u ...
... have responsibility for their greenhouse gas emissions to date, and therefore a share in a collective responsibility for the damage resulting from climate change now and in the future. Some of them still plan to exploit untapped oil, gas and coal reserves while the living systems of the planet are u ...
Design of the future framework (continued)
... The EU will commence operation of a cap-and-trade emissions trading scheme (EU-ETS) from 2005; however, many countries could not conduct strict allocation of quotas due to concerns over industrial competitiveness and economic growth (they allocated larger emission quotas than their recent emission ...
... The EU will commence operation of a cap-and-trade emissions trading scheme (EU-ETS) from 2005; however, many countries could not conduct strict allocation of quotas due to concerns over industrial competitiveness and economic growth (they allocated larger emission quotas than their recent emission ...
Federal Greenhouse Gas Regulations
... domestic sources of energy, while at the same time providing reductions in GHG emissions. • Goal is to increase the use of renewable, low-carbon fuels in motor vehicles to 36 billion gallons by 2022 and decrease GHG emissions. • The renewable fuels must achieve GHG emission reductions compared to th ...
... domestic sources of energy, while at the same time providing reductions in GHG emissions. • Goal is to increase the use of renewable, low-carbon fuels in motor vehicles to 36 billion gallons by 2022 and decrease GHG emissions. • The renewable fuels must achieve GHG emission reductions compared to th ...
PDF
... resulted in the Kyoto Protocol, which will come into force after being ratified by at least 55 countries, accounting for 55 percent of developed countries’ carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions (MfE 1999). It is expected that the Protocol will come into effect in early 2003. New Zealand and the EU have rat ...
... resulted in the Kyoto Protocol, which will come into force after being ratified by at least 55 countries, accounting for 55 percent of developed countries’ carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions (MfE 1999). It is expected that the Protocol will come into effect in early 2003. New Zealand and the EU have rat ...
US Rejection of the Kyoto Protocol: the impact
... excess credits. The Protocol permits these rights to be sold to countries in search of lowcost options for meeting their own targets or to be “banked” for use at a later date. In this section, we examine the implications of banking and hot air. Figure 2 shows baseline emissions and the emissions con ...
... excess credits. The Protocol permits these rights to be sold to countries in search of lowcost options for meeting their own targets or to be “banked” for use at a later date. In this section, we examine the implications of banking and hot air. Figure 2 shows baseline emissions and the emissions con ...
Document
... Worldwide recognition of the harm expected due to global warming led to a unification of forces on an international level in an effort to decrease greenhouse gas emissions and reduce the damages resulting from climate change. In 1992, at the UN Conference on Environment and Development in Rio de Jan ...
... Worldwide recognition of the harm expected due to global warming led to a unification of forces on an international level in an effort to decrease greenhouse gas emissions and reduce the damages resulting from climate change. In 1992, at the UN Conference on Environment and Development in Rio de Jan ...
Putting a price on pollution: What it means for Australia`s property
... implemented emissions trading schemes and China has pledged to reduce its carbon intensity by 40 to 45 per cent between 2005 and 2020.11 The danger of inaction is that Australia will continue on its current trajectory of greenhouse gas emissions growth at the fastest rate of any developed country12 ...
... implemented emissions trading schemes and China has pledged to reduce its carbon intensity by 40 to 45 per cent between 2005 and 2020.11 The danger of inaction is that Australia will continue on its current trajectory of greenhouse gas emissions growth at the fastest rate of any developed country12 ...
DOC - Europa.eu
... negatively affected by some future impacts of climate change and these will pose challenges to many economic sectors. Climate change is expected to magnify regional differences in Europe’s natural resources and assets. According to the IPCC projections, the temperature in Europe may climb by a furth ...
... negatively affected by some future impacts of climate change and these will pose challenges to many economic sectors. Climate change is expected to magnify regional differences in Europe’s natural resources and assets. According to the IPCC projections, the temperature in Europe may climb by a furth ...
mexico: an emissions trading case study
... One factor that is likely to dampen the growth of the CDM in Mexico, as well as several other host countries, is that, as of 2013, the only newly-registered projects that can supply CERs to the EU ETS are those based in least-developed countries (LDCs).26 Mexico's ...
... One factor that is likely to dampen the growth of the CDM in Mexico, as well as several other host countries, is that, as of 2013, the only newly-registered projects that can supply CERs to the EU ETS are those based in least-developed countries (LDCs).26 Mexico's ...
Kansas City ASHRAE Chapter
... • 18% emissions intensity reduction by 2010, based on 2006 – 2% per year additional thereafter to 2020 ...
... • 18% emissions intensity reduction by 2010, based on 2006 – 2% per year additional thereafter to 2020 ...
Emissions - CARBOOCEAN
... Moxnes, Erling and Saysel, Ali Kerem, 2009. Misperceptions of global climate change: information policies. Climatic Change, 93(1-2), 15-37. Sterman, J. D., 2008. Economics - Risk communication on climate: Mental models and mass balance. Science, 322(5901), 532-533. Sterman, J. D. and Booth Sweeney, ...
... Moxnes, Erling and Saysel, Ali Kerem, 2009. Misperceptions of global climate change: information policies. Climatic Change, 93(1-2), 15-37. Sterman, J. D., 2008. Economics - Risk communication on climate: Mental models and mass balance. Science, 322(5901), 532-533. Sterman, J. D. and Booth Sweeney, ...
Nox and Sox Emissions and Climate Changes
... Overall, Tagaris et al. [7] project that climate change alone will have little net effect on national-average levels of ozone or PM2.5, though there would likely be regional variation, with some areas experiencing higher and some lower pollution levels. Even this is an advance over previous studies, ...
... Overall, Tagaris et al. [7] project that climate change alone will have little net effect on national-average levels of ozone or PM2.5, though there would likely be regional variation, with some areas experiencing higher and some lower pollution levels. Even this is an advance over previous studies, ...
An Overview of Motor Vehicles, Manufacture, Insurance and Climate
... Blessing and curse of the private MV is obvious. Act of driving is the regular activity of the average person to make greatest contribution to man-made climate change. Three-quarters of all transport emissions come from road vehicles. Personal MVs consume more GHGs per passenger/km than any other su ...
... Blessing and curse of the private MV is obvious. Act of driving is the regular activity of the average person to make greatest contribution to man-made climate change. Three-quarters of all transport emissions come from road vehicles. Personal MVs consume more GHGs per passenger/km than any other su ...
gcc policy
... the development of climate models used to conduct scenarios that predict future climate conditions given different assumptions about how successfully humans can control greenhouse gas emissions. Together with hundreds of other scientists from around the world, she has been an active participant in t ...
... the development of climate models used to conduct scenarios that predict future climate conditions given different assumptions about how successfully humans can control greenhouse gas emissions. Together with hundreds of other scientists from around the world, she has been an active participant in t ...
Climate Change
... emissions of an average of 6 to 8% below 1990 levels between the years 2008-2012 and 90% below 1990 levels by 2050 • While 187 countries signed the protocol. 37 industrialized countries committed themselves to a reduction of greenhouse gases • They agreed to reduce their collective greenhouse gas em ...
... emissions of an average of 6 to 8% below 1990 levels between the years 2008-2012 and 90% below 1990 levels by 2050 • While 187 countries signed the protocol. 37 industrialized countries committed themselves to a reduction of greenhouse gases • They agreed to reduce their collective greenhouse gas em ...
reducing black carbon emissions
... existing fleet. Additional actions are urgently required. California is demonstrating leadership through a suite of early action measures including use of shore power for ships at berth; increasing transportation efficiency through steps such as retrofits and turnover of pre-1994 trucks and ocean go ...
... existing fleet. Additional actions are urgently required. California is demonstrating leadership through a suite of early action measures including use of shore power for ships at berth; increasing transportation efficiency through steps such as retrofits and turnover of pre-1994 trucks and ocean go ...
United Nations – Framework Convention for Climate Change
... • Member countries: called parties hold annual meetings called Conferences of the Parties (COP) • Since 2005 the COP are held in combination with the Meetings of Parties (MOP) of the Kyoto Protocol • UNFCCC parties who are not parties to the Kyoto Protocol can participate in the MOP as observers ...
... • Member countries: called parties hold annual meetings called Conferences of the Parties (COP) • Since 2005 the COP are held in combination with the Meetings of Parties (MOP) of the Kyoto Protocol • UNFCCC parties who are not parties to the Kyoto Protocol can participate in the MOP as observers ...
Document
... emissions, a range of measures should be put forward that include: reinforcing implementation of the measures under the Common Agricultural Policy and the EU Forest Action Plan to reduce emissions from EU agriculture, and to promote biological sequestration; setting limits for methane emissions ...
... emissions, a range of measures should be put forward that include: reinforcing implementation of the measures under the Common Agricultural Policy and the EU Forest Action Plan to reduce emissions from EU agriculture, and to promote biological sequestration; setting limits for methane emissions ...
trinidad and tobago
... Trinidad and Tobago's National Circumstances Trinidad and Tobago is the most industrialized economy in the English-speaking Caribbean. It is the leading Caribbean producer of oil and gas, and its economy is mainly based upon these resources. Trinidad and Tobago also supplies manufactured goods, mai ...
... Trinidad and Tobago's National Circumstances Trinidad and Tobago is the most industrialized economy in the English-speaking Caribbean. It is the leading Caribbean producer of oil and gas, and its economy is mainly based upon these resources. Trinidad and Tobago also supplies manufactured goods, mai ...
International Review of Environmental and Resource
... Countries to the Bargaining Table," Energy Policy 36(4): 1420-29. • Rose, A. et al. 2009. "Climate Change Policy Formation in Michigan: The Case for a Regional Approach," International Regional Science Review, ...
... Countries to the Bargaining Table," Energy Policy 36(4): 1420-29. • Rose, A. et al. 2009. "Climate Change Policy Formation in Michigan: The Case for a Regional Approach," International Regional Science Review, ...
How local authorities can reduce emissions and manage climate risk
... emissions reductions in their wider areas through the services they deliver, their role as social landlords, community leaders and major employers, and their regulatory and strategic functions. 2. Action on climate change has many local benefits. As well as contributing to national carbon budgets, ...
... emissions reductions in their wider areas through the services they deliver, their role as social landlords, community leaders and major employers, and their regulatory and strategic functions. 2. Action on climate change has many local benefits. As well as contributing to national carbon budgets, ...
Brazil - Climate Transparency
... WEIO (2014) compares annual average investments from 2000 to 2013 with average annual investments needed from 2015 to 2030 under a 2°C scenario ...
... WEIO (2014) compares annual average investments from 2000 to 2013 with average annual investments needed from 2015 to 2030 under a 2°C scenario ...
Emissions trading
Emissions trading or cap and trade (""cap"" meaning a legal limit on the quantity of a certain type of chemical an economy can emit each year) is a market-based approach used to control pollution by providing economic incentives for achieving reductions in the emissions of pollutants. Various countries, groups of companies, and states have adopted emission trading systems as one of the strategies for mitigating climate-change by addressing international greenhouse-gas emission.A central authority (usually a governmental body) sets a limit or cap on the amount of a pollutant that may be emitted. The limit or cap is allocated and/or sold by the central authority to firms in the form of emissions permits which represent the right to emit or discharge a specific volume of the specified pollutant. Permits (and possibly also derivatives of permits) can then be traded on secondary markets. For example, the EU ETS trades primarily in European Union Allowances (EUAs), the Californian scheme in California Carbon Allowances, the New Zealand scheme in New Zealand Units and the Australian scheme in Australian Units. Firms are required to hold a number of permits (or allowances or carbon credits) equivalent to their emissions. The total number of permits cannot exceed the cap, limiting total emissions to that level. Firms that need to increase their volume of emissions must buy permits from those who require fewer permits.The transfer of permits is referred to as a ""trade"". In effect, the buyer is paying a charge for polluting, while the seller gains a reward for having reduced emissions. Thus, in theory, those who can reduce emissions most cheaply will do so, achieving the pollution reduction at the lowest cost to society.There are active trading programs in several air pollutants. For greenhouse gases the largest is the European Union Emission Trading Scheme, whose purpose is to avoid dangerous climate change. Cap and trade provides the private sector with the flexibility required to reduce emissions while stimulating technological innovation and economic growth. The United States has a national market to reduce acid rain and several regional markets in nitrogen oxides.