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Occurrence of two types of Mn-superoxide dismutase in the green
Occurrence of two types of Mn-superoxide dismutase in the green

... mitochondrial Mn-SODs from land plants. The other, referred to as the algal-type, encoded a MnSOD similar to that of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii in amino acid sequence. The alignment of both SOD sequences revealed their resemblance in the transit signal region, indicating that both are mitochondria-lo ...
Non-Mendelian Genetics
Non-Mendelian Genetics

... • the condition in which both alleles in a heterozygous organism are expressed. ...
Effects of turmeric (Curcuma longa) on the expression
Effects of turmeric (Curcuma longa) on the expression

... (Rozen and Skaletsky, 2000) with an annealing temperature of 60°C and amplification size of less than 250 bp (Table 1). Glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) was used as the endogenous control gene in the qRT-PCR experiments. Thermal cycling was carried out with an ABI Prism 7500 sequence d ...
Do nonasterid holoparasitic flowering plants have plastid genomes?
Do nonasterid holoparasitic flowering plants have plastid genomes?

... sequences, including the divergent holoparasites, thus these sites are likely conserved across a wide diversity of plants. A plastid-specific primer (323 forward) was subsequently developed that, in combination with 1461 reverse, yielded a 1.2 kb fragment after PCR amplification of Corynaea genomic ...
Lesson6.5_Translation Process
Lesson6.5_Translation Process

... 4. tRNA (transfer RNA)- brings an amino acid to the mRNA and ribosome. -One end of a tRNA molecule has a 3 letter code that matches with an mRNA codon. - The other end has a specific amino acid. - A tRNA molecule with a particular 3 letter always carries the same type of amino acid. ...
Visualizing the triplet code
Visualizing the triplet code

... Conclusions: Identify which codons specify which amino acids Prove that the code is degenerate ...
Garrett-Engele* C. M., Siegal*, M. L., Manoli, D. S., Williams, B. C., Li. H., and Baker, B. S.
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The meaning of systems biology
The meaning of systems biology

... consider cellular processes in toto. Even though much of the data is noisy and today partially inconsistent and incomplete, this has been a radical shift in the way we tear apart problems one interaction at a time. When coupled with gene deletions by RNAi and classical methods, and with the use of c ...
Yeast as a Model Genetic Organism
Yeast as a Model Genetic Organism

... Yeast genes have few introns, and intergenic regions are very short. Genetic redundancy in the yeast genome is low, facilitating the analysis of gene function. As microorganisms, yeasts are grown in batch liquid culture and isolated as colonies derived from single cells on solid media. The generatio ...
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DNA, RNA and Protein

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AP Biology Chap 14 Reading Guide Mendel and the Gene Idea
AP Biology Chap 14 Reading Guide Mendel and the Gene Idea

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7-2.5 Genetic Information is Passed from Parent to Offspring

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Brooker Chapter 5
Brooker Chapter 5

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Genetics
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GENOTYPE, PHENOTYPE AND GENE FREQUENCIES
GENOTYPE, PHENOTYPE AND GENE FREQUENCIES

... increase (positive selection) a particular phenotype and hence its genotype. Genetic selection acts on the individual phenotype and either hinders or favours reproduction and thus propogation of the individuals genotype. ...
A Novel H-NS-like Protein from an Antarctic Psychrophilic Bacterium
A Novel H-NS-like Protein from an Antarctic Psychrophilic Bacterium

... reduced thermal energy, enzymatic proteins with a high specific activity are produced (4). At the molecular level, all proteins from psychrotrophic organisms studied so far have shown a decrease in their intramolecular interactions, usually associated with both higher flexibility and lower thermal s ...
TIM BARREL
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Comparative studies on molecular techniques for detecting
Comparative studies on molecular techniques for detecting

... other hand, the purity of DNA for PCR is not very important. Therefore, the quick extraction method has been recommended by some researchers (Daryl et al. 1994). Because of the presence of inhibitors of Taq polymerase in chiggers after engorgement, it was necessary to remove them when employed for P ...
Possible consequences of the overlap between the CaMV 35S
Possible consequences of the overlap between the CaMV 35S

... frequency of all possible dipeptide combinations. This approach is theoretical and needs to be used in combination with other methods. As no scientific literature has been reported on any allergenic properties of CaMV and no similarities have been shown to know allergens, it can be concluded that th ...
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Genetics…

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Problem Set 2
Problem Set 2

... 7. Do the following occur in meiosis I, meiosis II or mitosis? (Each blank may contain more than one answer. meiosis I a. At least one crossover per homologous pair can occur b. chromosomes line up singly along the metaphase plate ...
mitochondria Chapter 14b
mitochondria Chapter 14b

... 1.  Chloroplast in higher plants arose from photosynthetic bacteria 2.  Many of the original bacterial genes are now in the nucleus, fro example ca 40 of the 60 ribosomal proteins ...
The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance
The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

...  Surprisingly, Morgan observed a large number of wild-type (gray-normal) and double-mutant (black-vestigial) flies among the offspring.  These phenotypes are those of the parents.  Morgan reasoned that body color and wing shape are usually inherited together because the genes for these characters ...
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Artificial gene synthesis

Artificial gene synthesis is a method in synthetic biology that is used to create artificial genes in the laboratory. Currently based on solid-phase DNA synthesis, it differs from molecular cloning and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in that the user does not have to begin with preexisting DNA sequences. Therefore, it is possible to make a completely synthetic double-stranded DNA molecule with no apparent limits on either nucleotide sequence or size. The method has been used to generate functional bacterial or yeast chromosomes containing approximately one million base pairs. Recent research also suggests the possibility of creating novel nucleobase pairs in addition to the two base pairs in nature, which could greatly expand the possibility of expanding the genetic code.Synthesis of the first complete gene, a yeast tRNA, was demonstrated by Har Gobind Khorana and coworkers in 1972. Synthesis of the first peptide- and protein-coding genes was performed in the laboratories of Herbert Boyer and Alexander Markham, respectively.Commercial gene synthesis services are now available from numerous companies worldwide, some of which have built their business model around this task. Current gene synthesis approaches are most often based on a combination of organic chemistry and molecular biological techniques and entire genes may be synthesized ""de novo"", without the need for precursor template DNA. Gene synthesis has become an important tool in many fields of recombinant DNA technology including heterologous gene expression, vaccine development, gene therapy and molecular engineering. The synthesis of nucleic acid sequences is often more economical than classical cloning and mutagenesis procedures.
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