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transcription factor binding site
transcription factor binding site

Traversing the biological complexity in the hierarchy
Traversing the biological complexity in the hierarchy

... is explained by rare allelic variations in a single gene in only a small fraction of those affected. In most cases, mutations in “susceptibility” genes contribute to small increases or decreases in risk of disease. A mutation in any one of these genes is not sufficient to cause disease. Few molecula ...
A plant dialect of the histone language
A plant dialect of the histone language

... biotinylation, which can all cause structural and functional rearrangements in chromatin and are therefore essential elements of the complex ‘epigenetic histone code’ [5,6]. To decipher this code, which is recognized and interpreted by transcriptional regulators and chromatin remodeling machines, is ...
Patrick Cramer Anton Meinhart, Tobias Silberzahn and
Patrick Cramer Anton Meinhart, Tobias Silberzahn and

... 194-amino acid residue human isoform 1 was amplified by PCR from human muscle cDNA using the oligonucleotide primers 5⬘-CGCATGCCATGGCAATGCCGTCGTCCCCGCTGCGGG-3⬘ and 5⬘-GCTTTTCCTGCGGCCGCGTAGAAGCAGACGGTGTGC-3⬘ (mutated positions in bold, restriction sites underlined). Thereby, an NcoI restriction site ...
Role for CCG-trinucleotide repeats in the pathogenesis of chronic
Role for CCG-trinucleotide repeats in the pathogenesis of chronic

... question of why the distal portion of chromosome 11 is an unstable region, prone to breakage and rearrangement, in so many cancers. Genetic instability is a common feature of many human cancers. Microsatellite instability was first described in hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer and is attributabl ...
apgenetics1206 - cloudfront.net
apgenetics1206 - cloudfront.net

... 10) In a P cross, an A/A B/B C/C individual is paired with an a/a b/b c/c individual. Assuming no linkage, what will be the expected frequency of A/A b/b C/c individuals in the F2 generation? 11) A genetic disease known as Marfan Syndrome is caused by a dominant allele. In this disease the fingers a ...
File
File

... No protein is required to physically remove the RNA from the DNA This type of termination is also called intrinsic ...
Homologous Recombination in Agrobacterium: Potential
Homologous Recombination in Agrobacterium: Potential

Neurofibromatosis - timolson.com home page
Neurofibromatosis - timolson.com home page

... mark in the world. The many changes that NF-2 foisted on her life caused her to rethink her values and goals, resulting in Mari's decision to enter a helping profession where she could give back some of the love and care she found herself receiving as a person living with NF-2. Surgery for bilateral ...
Planta
Planta

... from several tree species (Silver and Fall 1991; Kuzma and Fall 1993; Schnitzler et al. 1996; Wildermuth and Fall 1998). This so-called isoprene synthase was puri®ed from aspen leaves, digested by cyanogen bromide (CNBr), and the initial 6±24 amino acids of three peptide fragments (25 kDa, 13 kDa an ...
microRNA Targets in Stem Cell Differentiation
microRNA Targets in Stem Cell Differentiation

... Yuriy Fedorov and Ciaran J Faherty, Dharmacon, now part of GE Healthcare, Lafayette, CO, USA Keywords: human mesenchymal stem cells, microRNA, osteogenesis, phenotype, gene ontology, target prediction algorithm, siRNA ...
ppt - pedagogix
ppt - pedagogix

... It is thus likely that it results from a common ancestry between the aligned sequences. In such case, we can thus admit the hypothesis of homology. ...
ángeles garcía pardo
ángeles garcía pardo

... PrimPol probably represents one of the most antique solutions to facilitate replication of small genomes. A “self-sufficient” DNA polymerase, with the capacity to restart DNA synthesis when needed, i.e. to bypass any kind of damage encountered in the template, was probably the best solution before o ...
Datasheet for T4 RNA Ligase 1 (ssRNA Ligase), High Concentration
Datasheet for T4 RNA Ligase 1 (ssRNA Ligase), High Concentration

Absorption of VFA
Absorption of VFA

... Cows fed high grain diets: ...
Alkaptonuria and Aspergillus nidulans
Alkaptonuria and Aspergillus nidulans

... The clinical features of the disease ten to fall into two categories, acute and chronic. In the so-called acute form of the disease, abnormalities appear in the first month of life. Babies may show poor weight gain, an enlarged liver and spleen, a distended abdomen, swelling of the legs, and an incr ...
NIH Public Access
NIH Public Access

... Acetogenic bacteria play an important role in the global carbon cycle, producing over 1012 kg (10 billion US tons) of acetic acid on a huge scale annually (Wood and Ljungdahl, 1991; Drake et al., 1994), which dwarfs the total output of acetate (an important chemical feedstock) by the world’s chemica ...
objectives
objectives

... 35. Explain how crossing over can unlink genes 36. Map a linear sequence of genes on a chromosome using given recombination frequencies from experimental crosses 37. Explain what additional information cytological maps provide over crossover maps 38. Distinguish between heterogametic sex and homogam ...
Incorporation of reporter molecule
Incorporation of reporter molecule

... modi®ed dNTP combinations identi®ed and con®rmed with these two model template assay systems were then tested further in the natural DNA template assay with a pUC19-derived template (see Materials and Methods). Evaluation of modi®ed dNTP substrates First, the substrate properties of each modi®ed dNT ...
Maximum likelihood methods for detecting adaptive evolution after
Maximum likelihood methods for detecting adaptive evolution after

... 1999; Bielawski and Yang, 2001). Hence, the apparent period of relaxed selection following gene duplication (e.g., Lynch and Conery, 2000) might also reflect adaptive divergence of duplicate genes at just a subset of amino acid sites. Recent ML models of codon substitution relax the assumption of a ...
Genetics - Aurora City School District
Genetics - Aurora City School District

...  facial features, notably a round face, a skin fold at the inner corner of the eye, a flattened nose bridge  small, irregular teeth, as well as short stature  heart defects, and susceptibility to respiratory infections, leukemia, and Alzheimer’s disease.  Exhibit varying degrees of mental retard ...
Restricted rotation of the amino group of nucleic acid base
Restricted rotation of the amino group of nucleic acid base

... system shows different feature of concentration dependency of the amino proton signals. In this case the signal which shows a remarkable shift on the addition of BrU has a good correlation with the concentration curve of 2H proton signal. Therefore it can be said that the Watson-Crick type base pair ...
calibration of tethered particle motion experiments
calibration of tethered particle motion experiments

... (green bars). This figure shows that the primary cause of bead rejection is asymmetric in-plane motion. Experimentally, beads with multiple tethers can be minimized by reducing the concentration of DNA. 2.2. Acquisition Time. The drift-corrected (x, y) trajectories are noisy due to the stochastic Br ...
Specific Growth Inhibition by Acetate of an Escherichia coli Strain
Specific Growth Inhibition by Acetate of an Escherichia coli Strain

... carbon source in Era-dE overproducing cells may be due to the reduced level of indispensable cofactors, lipoic acid and NAD. Since pyruvate dehydrogenase and 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase require both lipoic acid and NAD, the reduced expression of lipA and nadAB in Era-dE overproducing cells may have ...
Molecular Diagnosis for Breast Cancer
Molecular Diagnosis for Breast Cancer

... normal protein product participates in regulation of the cell cycle and in apoptosis. Mutations of p 53 have occurred in 17–40% of sporadic breast cancers examined,11) and most of them are missense mutations concentrated in a core region that encodes the sequence-specific DNA-binding. Mutant forms o ...
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Artificial gene synthesis

Artificial gene synthesis is a method in synthetic biology that is used to create artificial genes in the laboratory. Currently based on solid-phase DNA synthesis, it differs from molecular cloning and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in that the user does not have to begin with preexisting DNA sequences. Therefore, it is possible to make a completely synthetic double-stranded DNA molecule with no apparent limits on either nucleotide sequence or size. The method has been used to generate functional bacterial or yeast chromosomes containing approximately one million base pairs. Recent research also suggests the possibility of creating novel nucleobase pairs in addition to the two base pairs in nature, which could greatly expand the possibility of expanding the genetic code.Synthesis of the first complete gene, a yeast tRNA, was demonstrated by Har Gobind Khorana and coworkers in 1972. Synthesis of the first peptide- and protein-coding genes was performed in the laboratories of Herbert Boyer and Alexander Markham, respectively.Commercial gene synthesis services are now available from numerous companies worldwide, some of which have built their business model around this task. Current gene synthesis approaches are most often based on a combination of organic chemistry and molecular biological techniques and entire genes may be synthesized ""de novo"", without the need for precursor template DNA. Gene synthesis has become an important tool in many fields of recombinant DNA technology including heterologous gene expression, vaccine development, gene therapy and molecular engineering. The synthesis of nucleic acid sequences is often more economical than classical cloning and mutagenesis procedures.
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