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Lecture 2
Lecture 2

... All yeast needs to grow are salts, minerals, and glucose (minimal medium). From these compounds, yeast cells can synthesize all of the molecules such as amino acids and nucleotides that are needed to construct a cell. The synthesis of complicated molecules requires many enzymatic steps. When combine ...
Cancer genetics, cytogenetics—defining the enemy within
Cancer genetics, cytogenetics—defining the enemy within

... early successes with treatment were, my interest moved to- many events are necessary for tumor development. The simwards the etiology of the array of neoplastic conditions that af- plest hypothesis, in fact, was that just two events were necesfect children. At first I was intrigued by the possibilit ...
Chapter 25
Chapter 25

... Transcription factors have unique structural motifs. 1. Zinc finger DNA-binding motifs --- Amino acid sequence contains (··Cys-Cys·····HisHis··)n repeats. A Zn2+ is coordinated by 2 Cys and 2 His. 2. Leucine zippers --- Amino acid sequence contains 7-residue pseudo-repeat (a-b-c-d-e-fg)n, in which a ...
2008 BSHG newesletter 01
2008 BSHG newesletter 01

Chapter 15 Genetic Engeneering
Chapter 15 Genetic Engeneering

... • Everyone has VNTRs at the same place in their DNA, but they are different lengths for different people. – For example: Person 1: ATTACGCGCGCGCGCGCGTAGC (7 repeats) Person 2: ATTACGCGCGCGCGTAGC (5 repeats) ...
Link - Personal Web Pages
Link - Personal Web Pages

... the start position noted above, as shown on the next slide. Note that rbcL is on the minus strand (in green), and the report shows it starting at position 60,590 (so there is a short untranslated region before the amino acids for the protein are coded). b. The rbcL bar code is 599bp long – the refer ...
“Gene Regulation in Prokaryotes”
“Gene Regulation in Prokaryotes”

DNA replication
DNA replication

... • A virus can take advantage because DNA is the universal genetic code for all living things. • Viruses are usually specific in what cells they attack. • For example, bacteriophages attack bacteria cells. ...
Synthesis and elongation of fatty acids
Synthesis and elongation of fatty acids

... • Function of the Elops Fen2p and Sur4p in elongation • Gene-enzyme relationships in FA elongation • Assignment of the β-hydroxyacyldehydratase • How is the length of the fatty acid determined? to be presented by: Agon Hyseni Tessa Quax Bastiaan Bijl Myrthe Braam ...
Microbial growth requirements:
Microbial growth requirements:

... anaerobic pathways in its absence. Example: Escherichia coli. ...
Circuit Engineers Doing Biology
Circuit Engineers Doing Biology

... Hard to tinker with this; but it’s the way computation is done… ...
meiosis - newmanr
meiosis - newmanr

... The DNA exchange that occurs during crossing-over adds even more recombination to the independent assortment of chromosomes. Because fertilization of an egg by a sperm is random, the number of possible outcomes is 64 trillion. ...
gene_prediction_20040930
gene_prediction_20040930

...  Subtractive hybridisation to find rare transcripts  Use multiple libraries for different life-stages/conditions  Single-pass sequence prone to errors  Generation of small number of full length cDNA sequences  Slow and laborious but focused ...
Microbial growth requirements:
Microbial growth requirements:

... anaerobic pathways in its absence. Example: Escherichia coli. ...
Christine Yiwen Yeh - The Second Draft: The Human Epigenome for novel Diagnoses and Therapies
Christine Yiwen Yeh - The Second Draft: The Human Epigenome for novel Diagnoses and Therapies

... and the various roles of microRNA, new clinical applications in diagnoses and therapies arise. So far, the advancements in epigenetics have benefitted the following areas: (1) Genome annotation Many recent ENCODE publications show that chromatin signatures enable more efficient and more precise geno ...
Protocols - BioMed Central
Protocols - BioMed Central

... d. Heat shock the cells by incubating them at 42 oC for 45 seconds, immediately afterward return the cells to ice and incubate for 2 minutes. e. Add 450 l SOC medium, mix by inverting the tubes a couple of times and incubate for 1 hour at 37 oC with 300 rpm. f. Pellet the cells in a table top centr ...
No Credible Scientific Evidence is Presented to Support Claims that
No Credible Scientific Evidence is Presented to Support Claims that

... of crossing have been done with all these constructs, and they have been shown to be stable – or else they would not have made it through the regulatory system. It is highly improbable that these genes would experience a high degree of rearrangement upon crossing into a Criollo maize background. Fin ...
History of Molecular Evolution
History of Molecular Evolution

Ribosome - Mrs. J. Malito
Ribosome - Mrs. J. Malito

... from degradation and to help small ribosomal subunits recognize the attachment site on mRNA’s 5’ end. • A poly-A tail is sequence of 30 – 200 A nucleotides added to the 3’ end of mRNA before it exits to: ...
Uracil (U) - Cloudfront.net
Uracil (U) - Cloudfront.net

... There are 64 possible combinations from the 4 bases! Ex: Glycine (aa) can have the codons: GGU, GGC, GGA, or GGG However GGG can only code for Glycine ...
GMO answerkey
GMO answerkey

... molecules are then brought together and the molecules ligated together using DNA ligase. Plasmids are circular DNA molecules present in bacteria that are self-replicating and which can “carry” a number of other genes, including genes obtained from another organism. The plasmids replicate along with ...
Unit 3 - OrgSites.com
Unit 3 - OrgSites.com

... b. Base-pair substitutions or deletions i. Frameshift mutation – ...
You Light Up My Life
You Light Up My Life

... Understand the variations that can occur in observable patterns of inheritance. ...
Chapter 7/8-Animal Biotechnology
Chapter 7/8-Animal Biotechnology

... These GM salmon grow so fast because of a change made to one of the roughly 40,000 genes in their DNA. In normal salmon, the gene that controls the production of growth hormone is activated by light, so the fish generally grow only during the sunny summer months. But by attaching a constitutive "pro ...
Resource Presentation Pwpt - CIA-Biology-2011-2012
Resource Presentation Pwpt - CIA-Biology-2011-2012

...  1 gene is always responsible for 1 trait OR 1 mutation always causes 1 disease  The discovery of genes that convey and determine a ...
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Artificial gene synthesis

Artificial gene synthesis is a method in synthetic biology that is used to create artificial genes in the laboratory. Currently based on solid-phase DNA synthesis, it differs from molecular cloning and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in that the user does not have to begin with preexisting DNA sequences. Therefore, it is possible to make a completely synthetic double-stranded DNA molecule with no apparent limits on either nucleotide sequence or size. The method has been used to generate functional bacterial or yeast chromosomes containing approximately one million base pairs. Recent research also suggests the possibility of creating novel nucleobase pairs in addition to the two base pairs in nature, which could greatly expand the possibility of expanding the genetic code.Synthesis of the first complete gene, a yeast tRNA, was demonstrated by Har Gobind Khorana and coworkers in 1972. Synthesis of the first peptide- and protein-coding genes was performed in the laboratories of Herbert Boyer and Alexander Markham, respectively.Commercial gene synthesis services are now available from numerous companies worldwide, some of which have built their business model around this task. Current gene synthesis approaches are most often based on a combination of organic chemistry and molecular biological techniques and entire genes may be synthesized ""de novo"", without the need for precursor template DNA. Gene synthesis has become an important tool in many fields of recombinant DNA technology including heterologous gene expression, vaccine development, gene therapy and molecular engineering. The synthesis of nucleic acid sequences is often more economical than classical cloning and mutagenesis procedures.
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