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Chapter 21: Molecular Basis of Cancer
Chapter 21: Molecular Basis of Cancer

... autosomal recessive forms (LGMD2) have an average prevalence of 1:14,000-1:20,000 at birth frequency differences among countries this depends on higher carrier frequencies of single mutations, as 550delA for calpain 3 in Croatia, L276I for FKRP in Northern Europe, 521delT for gamma-sarcoglycan in No ...
04b AP Bio The Structure and Function of Proteins and Nucleic
04b AP Bio The Structure and Function of Proteins and Nucleic

... • The nitrogenous bases in DNA pair up and form hydrogen bonds: adenine (A) always with thymine (T), and guanine (G) always with cytosine (C) • Called complementary base pairing • Complementary pairing can also occur between two RNA molecules or between parts of the same molecule • In RNA, thymine i ...
Lesson1 sp2012 (online)
Lesson1 sp2012 (online)

... 5. Corn plants grown in Nebraska now have traits derived from genetic engineering that were never found in corn before. These traits result from new genes being added to a chromosome in the corn plant. These new genes are called transgenes and the genetically engineered plants are transgenic. We wil ...
The α-globin gene cluster: genetics and disorders
The α-globin gene cluster: genetics and disorders

... packaged within circulating erythrocytes. It has been extensively studied in terms of its structure–function relationship, genetics and hereditary disorders. In 1949, Pauling and colleagues1 described sickle cell anemia as the first molecular disease. Globin genes were the first to be cloned and to ...
The mouse that roared
The mouse that roared

... are reported on page 520 of this issue. Why is this so important? It is because there can scarcely be a major area of mammalian biology or medicine to which mouse studies have not contributed in some way, often as surrogates for human studies. For genetics and development, for immunology and pharmac ...
04b AP Bio The Structure and Function of Proteins and Nucleic
04b AP Bio The Structure and Function of Proteins and Nucleic

... • The nitrogenous bases in DNA pair up and form hydrogen bonds: adenine (A) always with thymine (T), and guanine (G) always with cytosine (C) • Called complementary base pairing • Complementary pairing can also occur between two RNA molecules or between parts of the same molecule • In RNA, thymine i ...
What is Ontology?
What is Ontology?

... capture about a gene product? • What does the gene product do? • Where and does it act? • Why does it perform these activities? ...
Cystic Fibrosis “65 Roses”
Cystic Fibrosis “65 Roses”

... • Diabetes is the fourth leading cause of death in the United States. More than 178,000 people die each year from this disease. • 2 Types Type I – IDDM (pancreas does not make insulin) Type II – NIDDM (pancreas makes little or not enough and body does not properly use the insuliln) – most common ...
The Structure and Function of Macromolecules
The Structure and Function of Macromolecules

... • The nitrogenous bases in DNA pair up and form hydrogen bonds: adenine (A) always with thymine (T), and guanine (G) always with cytosine (C) • Called complementary base pairing • Complementary pairing can also occur between two RNA molecules or between parts of the same molecule • In RNA, thymine i ...
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1. Inheritance-general

... Phenotype: anything that is part of the observable structure, function or behavior of an organism Paradigm: generally accepted views of a discipline ...
Leukaemia Section t(9;11)(p22;q23) Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
Leukaemia Section t(9;11)(p22;q23) Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology

... N-term -- AT hook and DNA methyltransferase from MLL (1444 amino acids) fused to the 192 C-term amino acids from AF9 (as breakpoints are variable, this is only an exemple); 180 kDa. Expression localisation Nuclear localisation. ...
Nucleic acids and protein synthesis
Nucleic acids and protein synthesis

... could be transmitted from one ...
Shetti, a simple tool to parse, manipulate and search large datasets
Shetti, a simple tool to parse, manipulate and search large datasets

... sequences. The Shetti tool can be used to search for a sequence, species, protein/gene or pattern/motif. Moreover, it can also be used to construct a universal consensus or molecular signatures for proteins based on their physical characteristics. Shetti is an efficient and fast tool that can deal w ...
Linear time algorithm for parsing RNA secondary structure
Linear time algorithm for parsing RNA secondary structure

... → using it is possible to limit a search to genes conserved in one of 22 ancestral group ...
Exam - National Biology Competition
Exam - National Biology Competition

... 9. The average beak size within populations of finches on the Galapagos Islands fluctuates annually in response to the availability of seeds. When only large seeds are available, the average beak size in a population is large; when only smaller seeds are available, the average beak size in a populat ...
Microarrays
Microarrays

...  Identify groups of possibly co-regulated genes (e.g. so you can look for common sequence motifs) ...
Evolutionary tinkering: birth of a novel chloroplast protein
Evolutionary tinkering: birth of a novel chloroplast protein

GENOMIC DNA PREPARATION:
GENOMIC DNA PREPARATION:

... Genomic DNA? What is it? It is the whole shabang! You are trying to isolate all DNA from your cells. As a result, it tends to be pretty big (I.E. for human cells, the genome is composed of 23 pairs of chromosomes, with a total of 3.3 billion base pairs - very big) Why are you getting genomic DNA? (a ...
experimental design
experimental design

... If multiplex, efficiency and LOD of each assay. The specificity of the amplification products have been confirmed by size estimations on a 2% agarose gel, by sequencing of the products and by analyzing their melting curves. Without a template, no Cq could be determined since it never passed the thre ...
genetics vocabulary - Mrs. Stolting
genetics vocabulary - Mrs. Stolting

... 1. Genetics - The science that studies the laws of heredity 2. Heredity - The passing of traits from parent to offspring 3. Gregor Mendel - Austrian monk, known as the Father of Genetics, who did experiments on pea plants and determined the basic laws of heredity 4. Chromosome - Rod shaped structure ...
Gene Ontology and Functional Enrichment
Gene Ontology and Functional Enrichment

... 2. Survey the literature to obtain insights about the functions that differentially expressed genes are involved in. 3. Group together genes with similar functions. 4. Identify functional categories with many differentially expressed genes. ...
Sex chromosome
Sex chromosome

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Exploring gene promoters for experimentally
Exploring gene promoters for experimentally

... lacks matrices for five of the factors including HIF1A and EPAS1 which are known to be particularly important for hypoxia-dependent gene regulation. Our created profile representing all 10 selected transcription factors can now be used by Match for a matrix based binding site search in promoters of ...
DNA replication - U of L Class Index
DNA replication - U of L Class Index

... 1969 – Peter DeLucia and John Cairns discovered a mutant strain of E. coli that was deficient in polymerase I activity. Observation: the mutant strain duplicated its DNA and reproduced itself but cells are highly deficient in DNA repair (UV-sensitive). Conclusions: 1. At least one more enzyme is abl ...
Genetic Technology
Genetic Technology

... • Each time the host cell divides it copies the recombinant DNA along with its own. • The host cell can produce the protein encoded on the recombinant DNA. ...
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Artificial gene synthesis

Artificial gene synthesis is a method in synthetic biology that is used to create artificial genes in the laboratory. Currently based on solid-phase DNA synthesis, it differs from molecular cloning and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in that the user does not have to begin with preexisting DNA sequences. Therefore, it is possible to make a completely synthetic double-stranded DNA molecule with no apparent limits on either nucleotide sequence or size. The method has been used to generate functional bacterial or yeast chromosomes containing approximately one million base pairs. Recent research also suggests the possibility of creating novel nucleobase pairs in addition to the two base pairs in nature, which could greatly expand the possibility of expanding the genetic code.Synthesis of the first complete gene, a yeast tRNA, was demonstrated by Har Gobind Khorana and coworkers in 1972. Synthesis of the first peptide- and protein-coding genes was performed in the laboratories of Herbert Boyer and Alexander Markham, respectively.Commercial gene synthesis services are now available from numerous companies worldwide, some of which have built their business model around this task. Current gene synthesis approaches are most often based on a combination of organic chemistry and molecular biological techniques and entire genes may be synthesized ""de novo"", without the need for precursor template DNA. Gene synthesis has become an important tool in many fields of recombinant DNA technology including heterologous gene expression, vaccine development, gene therapy and molecular engineering. The synthesis of nucleic acid sequences is often more economical than classical cloning and mutagenesis procedures.
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