• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
Share Benefits and Burdens Equitably
Share Benefits and Burdens Equitably

... as specified in the Principles of Climate Justice. Dismissals of the centrality of equity, or fairness, to the structuring of a comprehensive treaty on climate change for adoption in Paris 2015 implicitly presuppose an archaic interpretation of national sovereignty that is completely inappropriate t ...
Global Resource Pack
Global Resource Pack

... The economic assessments of the cost of mitigation in the new IPCC report don’t even include the co-benefits of taking action - such as better public health and increased energy efficiency or the cost savings which result from avoiding future impacts. Looking at the low costs, the cobenefits and the ...
Earth Systems: Engineering and Management
Earth Systems: Engineering and Management

... Since Marchetti’s article, perhaps the most ambitious attempt to justify and classify a range of geoengineering options was associated with a U.S. National Academy of Sciences (NAS) National Research Council panel on the policy implications of global warming.8 As a member of that panel, I can report ...
gcc policy
gcc policy

... During the last several years, a variety of comprehensive bills had been introduced in the House of Representatives and Senate with the aim of reducing greenhouse gas emissions, but none had passed. The President ran on a platform that called for legislation that would target an 80% reduction in GHG ...
8 May 2013 Mr Rob Sturgiss Assistant Secretary National Inventory
8 May 2013 Mr Rob Sturgiss Assistant Secretary National Inventory

... We recognise the significant investment potential for unconventional gas (UG), but note that rapid growth elevates risks associated with environmental, social and governance (ESG) failures given the numerous unresolved technical, regulatory and stakeholder issues. It is in the interests of investors ...
Diapositiva 1
Diapositiva 1

... year.  In other words, the world will have to emit not more than today’s India’s average – quite a significant reduction for most industrialised countries (US average per capita emissions are about 6 tC) and for countries that aim at similar lifestyle standards.  Just to provide another benchmark, ...
New Zealand Farming and Climate Change
New Zealand Farming and Climate Change

... Agriculture generates the bulk of our export earnings and has an international reputation not only for quality products, but also for being clean and green. This image - along with the sector’s economic sustainability - is under threat. Consumers in key overseas markets are becoming more concerned w ...
CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS Atmosphere Climate Change Core
CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS Atmosphere Climate Change Core

... including economies in transition, to aim to return emissions of CO2 and other GHGs not controlled by the Montreal Protocol to their 1990 levels by 2000. This was achieved: in 2000, GHG emissions from Annex I Parties were about 6 per cent below the 1990 level. The Kyoto Protocol sets individual emi ...
Reducing GHG Emissions from Shipping
Reducing GHG Emissions from Shipping

... • May use an independent 3rd party to calculate / audit adjustment • Owners retain demurrage, while fuel savings and any carbon credits are split between parties ...
Lesson Three: Emissions of Heat-trapping Gases
Lesson Three: Emissions of Heat-trapping Gases

... is naturally occurring. It is true that on a sunny day water vapor is responsible for as much as 70% of the greenhouse effect, compared with 25% for carbon dioxide. The difference, however, is that water vapor stays in the atmosphere for only a short time (days) before it falls as precipitation. Hea ...
MEMORANDUM TO THE PRESIDENT From: John P. Holdren
MEMORANDUM TO THE PRESIDENT From: John P. Holdren

... in CO2 emitted to the atmosphere per gigajoule of energy supply). The “businessas-usual” assumption is not that these factors remain constant but rather that their trajectories of change follow recent trends that are adjusted for expected patterns of development. In a typical BAU global energy futur ...
Priority Research Questions for the Environment Agency and other
Priority Research Questions for the Environment Agency and other

... methodology used in the UK GHG Inventory is correctly estimating GHG emissions and removals from upland peat/organic soils. ...
declaration of members` interests
declaration of members` interests

... Consideration was given to a circulated report dated 16 December, 2008, by the Directors of Planning and Environmental Services, and Transportation and Infrastructure, which (1) explained that the Carbon Reduction Commitment (CRC) would be introduced as part of the UK’s Climate Change Bill, aimed at ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

...  EU Regulatory standards leading global action ...
brisbane city council`s response to climate change and improving
brisbane city council`s response to climate change and improving

... walking and cycling, and as long as sustainable sources of non-potable water are available, Council will continue to plant street trees. However, if we are to achieve our aspirational target, even greater support from other Council programs, and other potential sponsors is required. Council is keen ...
Robust options for decarbonization Thomas Bruckner, Ottmar
Robust options for decarbonization Thomas Bruckner, Ottmar

... change – most notably the European Union’s decision to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 20 % by 2020 (compared to the amount of GHGs emitted in 1990). In addition, more than 100 countries followed the European example and adopted a global warming limit of 2 ° C or below (relative to preindus ...
of mexico
of mexico

... Notwithstanding that Mexico’s contribution to GHG global emissions is relatively low, the country has undertaken important challenges to address the problem of climate change (Figure 3). Since the entrance into effect of the General Climate Change Law (LGCC, acronym in Spanish) in October 2012 the M ...
Toward sustainable mitigation in agriculture and land use
Toward sustainable mitigation in agriculture and land use

... The reason for this, is because by mid-century, the world economy must cut greenhouse gas emissions to zero and thereafter, actually take emissions out of the atmosphere. Achieving zero means that no sector can avoid undertaking large emissions reductions. Moreover, agriculture and land use are of s ...
Carbon Finance: Emerging Opportunities for for Biosphere
Carbon Finance: Emerging Opportunities for for Biosphere

... or site, and thereby lower the capacity to supply products and/or services” (FAO) ...
Carbon Management for Sustainable Development: The Case Study
Carbon Management for Sustainable Development: The Case Study

... 4. Methodology: Saudi Arabia as a Case Study a. Research methods b. Illustrative Saudi National Systems of Innovation c. Carbon management in transition paths ...
Occassional Paper 4
Occassional Paper 4

... at least cost to those benefits. This implies that they believe that humanity has a choice about how much further to allow the Earth's temperature to rise without provoking a sudden catastrophic change in the global climate and that the rational thing is therefore to choose a temperature target that ...
PROJECT INFORMATION DOCUMENT (PID) APPRAISAL STAGE
PROJECT INFORMATION DOCUMENT (PID) APPRAISAL STAGE

... and fisheries; and mobile combustion sources, including all modes of transport. Therefore, the energy sector represents more than half of all emissions generated and is by far the main emitter of carbon dioxide (CO2) and GHGs in general in Morocco. Emissions from this sector also experienced a net i ...
Climate Change and the Imperative for Socialism
Climate Change and the Imperative for Socialism

... Given the assumed declines in emissions intensity and energy intensity, one can then calculate the maximum economic growth rate that is consistent with the emissions reduction objective. It is clear from Table 2 that the assumed declines in emissions intensity and energy intensity compare favorably ...
Li_Climate Change and the Imperative for Socialism
Li_Climate Change and the Imperative for Socialism

... Given the assumed declines in emissions intensity and energy intensity, one can then calculate the maximum economic growth rate that is consistent with the emissions reduction objective. It is clear from Table 2 that the assumed declines in emissions intensity and energy intensity compare favorably ...
Long-term climate goals Decarbonisation, carbon
Long-term climate goals Decarbonisation, carbon

... If the concepts carbon neutral and climate neutral are to make a useful contribution to climate action as desirable states to be reached, there needs to be a clear, shared understanding of what these terms mean. For the authors, the key attribute of ‘carbon-neutral’ and ‘climate-neutral’ activities ...
< 1 ... 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 ... 85 >

Carbon governance in England

The reduction of carbon emissions, along with other greenhouse gases (GHGs), has become a vitally important task of international, national and local actors. If we understand governance as the creation of “conditions for ordered rule and collective action” then, given the fact that the reduction of carbon emissions will require concerted collective action, it follows that the governance of carbon will be of paramount concern. We have seen numerous international conferences over the past 20 years tasked with finding a way of facilitating this, and while international agreements have been infamously difficult to reach, action at the national level has been much more effective. In the UK, the Climate Change Act 2008 committed the government to meeting significant carbon reduction targets. In England, these carbon emissions are governed using numerous different instruments, which involve a variety of actors. While it has been argued by authors like Rhodes that there has been a “hollowing out” of the nation state, and that governments have lost their capabilities to govern to a variety of non-state actors and the European Union, the case of carbon governance in England actually runs counter to this. The government body responsible for the task, the Department of Energy and Climate Change (DECC), is the “main external dynamic” behind governing actions in this area, and “rather than hollowing out (there has actually been a strengthening of) central co-ordination”. The department may rely on other bodies to deliver its desired outcomes, but it is still ultimately responsible for the imposition of the rules and regulations that “steer (carbon) governmental action at the national level”. It is therefore evident that carbon governance in England is hierarchical in nature, in that “legislative decisions and executive decisions” are the main dynamic behind carbon governance action. This does not deny the existence of a network of bodies around DECC who are part of the process, but they are supplementary actors who are steered by central decisions. This article focuses on carbon governance in England as the other countries of the UK (Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland) all have devolved assemblies who are responsible for the governance of carbon emissions in their respective countries.
  • studyres.com © 2026
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report