What is climate change - Committees
... What is climate change? Through time, the earth’s climate has naturally fluctuated. However in modern language, climate change is commonly associated with ‘global warming’ and the ‘greenhouse effect’. The Third Assessment Report (TAR) of the Intergovernmental panel on Climate Change (IPCC) stated th ...
... What is climate change? Through time, the earth’s climate has naturally fluctuated. However in modern language, climate change is commonly associated with ‘global warming’ and the ‘greenhouse effect’. The Third Assessment Report (TAR) of the Intergovernmental panel on Climate Change (IPCC) stated th ...
PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA, REILLY MASSACHUSETTS ATTORNEY GENERAL THOMAS F.
... In addition, NHTSA has not considered the possible increase in emissions or use of fuel, or lost opportunities for conservation created by establishing further incentives for production of larger trucks. It has not evaluated whether the incentives to build larger trucks will reduce the overall avera ...
... In addition, NHTSA has not considered the possible increase in emissions or use of fuel, or lost opportunities for conservation created by establishing further incentives for production of larger trucks. It has not evaluated whether the incentives to build larger trucks will reduce the overall avera ...
Presentation from Professor Bill McGuire
... – 172 countries – US not signatory – China & India not required to reduce ...
... – 172 countries – US not signatory – China & India not required to reduce ...
International Environmental Law Perspective on Climate Change
... 1.1 Use of the Terms ……………………………………………….. 1.2 Basis of the Discussion ………….………….………………….. 1.3 Energy at the Forefront ………….………….………………….. 1.4 Dual Theme of Climate Change and Energy ………….……….. 1.5 Lenses and Perspective ………….………….………………….. ...
... 1.1 Use of the Terms ……………………………………………….. 1.2 Basis of the Discussion ………….………….………………….. 1.3 Energy at the Forefront ………….………….………………….. 1.4 Dual Theme of Climate Change and Energy ………….……….. 1.5 Lenses and Perspective ………….………….………………….. ...
PDF
... we assume that the e¤ect of adaptation is local whereas the damage caused by emissions is global, in line with real examples of adaptive measures currently being undertaken by di¤erent countries. Our main contribution is to show that allowing for countries to engage in costly adaptation activities i ...
... we assume that the e¤ect of adaptation is local whereas the damage caused by emissions is global, in line with real examples of adaptive measures currently being undertaken by di¤erent countries. Our main contribution is to show that allowing for countries to engage in costly adaptation activities i ...
full text
... of 0.02 W m−2 , with a 90% range of −0.27 to 0.23 W m−2 ). H gives rise to a median estimate of 0.22 W m−2 (range of 0.05 to 0.40 W m−2 ), whereas RC gives rise to a median estimate of 0.25 W m−2 (range of −0.06 to 0.47 W m−2 ). J falls toward the high end of estimates, corresponding to 0.37 W m−2 . ...
... of 0.02 W m−2 , with a 90% range of −0.27 to 0.23 W m−2 ). H gives rise to a median estimate of 0.22 W m−2 (range of 0.05 to 0.40 W m−2 ), whereas RC gives rise to a median estimate of 0.25 W m−2 (range of −0.06 to 0.47 W m−2 ). J falls toward the high end of estimates, corresponding to 0.37 W m−2 . ...
Of Montreal and Kyoto: A Tale of Two Protocols
... opposition.”26 The 50% figure operated as a compromise between the American proposal for 95% reductions and the European suggestion of a freeze; it was also supported by scientific evidence suggesting that minimal ozone depletion would follow if the 50% reduction were implemented.27 A knotty questio ...
... opposition.”26 The 50% figure operated as a compromise between the American proposal for 95% reductions and the European suggestion of a freeze; it was also supported by scientific evidence suggesting that minimal ozone depletion would follow if the 50% reduction were implemented.27 A knotty questio ...
DANGER The of Corporate Landfill Gas-to-Energy Schemes and How to Fix It
... “Global Warming Feedback Loop Caused by Methane, Scientists Say” National Geographic News, August 29, 2006 14 While reducing CO2 emissions has been the primary focus of the public, press, and policymakers, new studies suggest that more attention should be paid to the short-term impact of methane on ...
... “Global Warming Feedback Loop Caused by Methane, Scientists Say” National Geographic News, August 29, 2006 14 While reducing CO2 emissions has been the primary focus of the public, press, and policymakers, new studies suggest that more attention should be paid to the short-term impact of methane on ...
Ireland’s Pathway to Kyoto Compliance Review of the National Climate Change
... response to global warming. The concept of partnership was central to the Strategy. At the domestic level, it identified necessary changes right across society. Every sector of the economy, and each of us as individuals, had a part to play. At the international level, the Strategy recognised that we ...
... response to global warming. The concept of partnership was central to the Strategy. At the domestic level, it identified necessary changes right across society. Every sector of the economy, and each of us as individuals, had a part to play. At the international level, the Strategy recognised that we ...
Carbon-Pipelines-Affirmative---Supplement---NDI-2012
... annually, i.e. much smaller quantities than the amounts associated with CCS [1]. Since the transportation conditions for C02 showr similarities with Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) [8], which is transported by ship at a relatively large scale, experiences and design criterion for LPG shipping can be u ...
... annually, i.e. much smaller quantities than the amounts associated with CCS [1]. Since the transportation conditions for C02 showr similarities with Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) [8], which is transported by ship at a relatively large scale, experiences and design criterion for LPG shipping can be u ...
New York, 1 August (Martin Khor) -
... the problem suffer the most. There is need to simultaneously invest in adaptation, in development programmes as they need to be done, in water management, soil conservation, etc; and to invest in mitigation and avoid excessive emission growth. She noted that no country has yet succeeded in de-linkin ...
... the problem suffer the most. There is need to simultaneously invest in adaptation, in development programmes as they need to be done, in water management, soil conservation, etc; and to invest in mitigation and avoid excessive emission growth. She noted that no country has yet succeeded in de-linkin ...
ITU ICT and the environment
... • Organization of symposia in developing countries on energy efficiency, e-waste, cost-effective ICT technologies, methodology of environmental impact assessment of ICT and financing of climate change solutions. • Case studies & Background papers • Guidelines for an International Framework for Green ...
... • Organization of symposia in developing countries on energy efficiency, e-waste, cost-effective ICT technologies, methodology of environmental impact assessment of ICT and financing of climate change solutions. • Case studies & Background papers • Guidelines for an International Framework for Green ...
AEC Report - Climate Change Roadmap
... of carbon intensive fuels such as petrol, diesel, electricity and also organic waste disposal at landfills through the Clean Energy Plan (2011) carbon price. Reducing exposure to these cost increases is a priority. The Moreton Bay Regional Council Climate Change Roadmap sets out the most effective w ...
... of carbon intensive fuels such as petrol, diesel, electricity and also organic waste disposal at landfills through the Clean Energy Plan (2011) carbon price. Reducing exposure to these cost increases is a priority. The Moreton Bay Regional Council Climate Change Roadmap sets out the most effective w ...
Carbon stock accounts - UNSD
... 3. The ultimate objective of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) is to limit atmospheric stocks of GHG and achieve ‘… stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate sy ...
... 3. The ultimate objective of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) is to limit atmospheric stocks of GHG and achieve ‘… stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate sy ...
The politics of climate change
... a prudent, long term and consistent policy agenda to manage these risks, whilst also building consensus around the agenda? To what extent is this agenda shared with the pursuit of energy security? 2. A return to planning?—Effective national action on climate change requires a return in some form to ...
... a prudent, long term and consistent policy agenda to manage these risks, whilst also building consensus around the agenda? To what extent is this agenda shared with the pursuit of energy security? 2. A return to planning?—Effective national action on climate change requires a return in some form to ...
United Nations Development Assistance Framework
... At Marrakech Parties did not succeed to attain consent in relation to legal character of the mode of observance of obligations, in particular in relation to that, whether must be statutory normative approvals for non-fulfillment by the countries of the obligations. The decision-making this is carrie ...
... At Marrakech Parties did not succeed to attain consent in relation to legal character of the mode of observance of obligations, in particular in relation to that, whether must be statutory normative approvals for non-fulfillment by the countries of the obligations. The decision-making this is carrie ...
How do human CO2 emissions compare to natural CO2 emissions?
... Figure 1: Global carbon cycle. Numbers represent flux of carbon dioxide in gigatons (Source: Figure 7.3, IPCC AR4). But consider what happens when more CO2 is released from outside of the natural carbon cycle – by burning fossil fuels. Although our output of 29 gigatons of CO2 is tiny compared to th ...
... Figure 1: Global carbon cycle. Numbers represent flux of carbon dioxide in gigatons (Source: Figure 7.3, IPCC AR4). But consider what happens when more CO2 is released from outside of the natural carbon cycle – by burning fossil fuels. Although our output of 29 gigatons of CO2 is tiny compared to th ...
Second National Communication
... Communication and I now wish to extend our gratitude to them. In the first place, I wish to thank the Global Environmental Facility (GEF) which provided financial resources which made this whole exercise possible. In the same vein, I further wish to extend my gratitude to the United Nations Developm ...
... Communication and I now wish to extend our gratitude to them. In the first place, I wish to thank the Global Environmental Facility (GEF) which provided financial resources which made this whole exercise possible. In the same vein, I further wish to extend my gratitude to the United Nations Developm ...
p4418-4433 - Parliament of Western Australia
... who have the expertise to look at this very important area. As a community, we have had numerous debates about this issue. We saw that in the recent debates about coal versus gas for our next base-load power station. However, we need a strategic vision that comes to grips with all these issues and d ...
... who have the expertise to look at this very important area. As a community, we have had numerous debates about this issue. We saw that in the recent debates about coal versus gas for our next base-load power station. However, we need a strategic vision that comes to grips with all these issues and d ...
2010_09_icao_grounded PDF, 750.6 KByte
... through ICAO. In the thirteen years since Kyoto, emissions from aviation have grown faster than any other mode of transport and are expected to continue to grow in the future. If unmitigated, aviation emissions are expected to double or triple by 2050, putting efforts to keep global warming below tw ...
... through ICAO. In the thirteen years since Kyoto, emissions from aviation have grown faster than any other mode of transport and are expected to continue to grow in the future. If unmitigated, aviation emissions are expected to double or triple by 2050, putting efforts to keep global warming below tw ...
States Should Think Twice Before Refusing Any Response to EPA`s
... should think carefully before “saying no” and refusing to submit a complying plan to EPA. The essay discusses five consequences of not participating: (1) EPA must impose FIPS that will probably focus on power plants, and states will cede regulatory control to the federal government; (2) Ratepayers l ...
... should think carefully before “saying no” and refusing to submit a complying plan to EPA. The essay discusses five consequences of not participating: (1) EPA must impose FIPS that will probably focus on power plants, and states will cede regulatory control to the federal government; (2) Ratepayers l ...
Document
... Source: Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) of Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) ...
... Source: Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) of Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) ...
In Cook et al., the definition of consensus hypothesis that comes
... Introduction: no role for consensus in science Though Cook et al. (2013) reviewed abstracts of 11,944 papers on climate change and concluded that 97.1% of those expressing an opinion supported consensus, the philosophy of science allows no role for head-count. Aristotle, in his Sophistical Refutati ...
... Introduction: no role for consensus in science Though Cook et al. (2013) reviewed abstracts of 11,944 papers on climate change and concluded that 97.1% of those expressing an opinion supported consensus, the philosophy of science allows no role for head-count. Aristotle, in his Sophistical Refutati ...
Climate change mitigation
Climate change mitigation consists of actions to limit the magnitude or rate of long-term climate change. Climate change mitigation generally involves reductions in human (anthropogenic) emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs). Mitigation may also be achieved by increasing the capacity of carbon sinks, e.g., through reforestation. Mitigation policies can substantially reduce the risks associated with human-induced global warming.""Mitigation is a public good; climate change is a case of ‘the tragedy of the commons’""Effective climate change mitigation will not be achieved if each agent (individual, institution or country) acts independently in its own selfish interest, (See International Cooperation and Emissions Trading) suggesting the need for collective action. Some adaptation actions, on the other hand, have characteristics of a private good as benefits of actions may accrue more directly to the individuals, regions, or countries that undertake them, at least in the short term. Nevertheless, financing such adaptive activities remains an issue, particularly for poor individuals and countries.""Examples of mitigation include switching to low-carbon energy sources, such as renewable and nuclear energy, and expanding forests and other ""sinks"" to remove greater amounts of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Energy efficiency may also play a role, for example, through improving the insulation of buildings. Another approach to climate change mitigation is climate engineering.Most countries are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The ultimate objective of the UNFCCC is to stabilize atmospheric concentrations of GHGs at a level that would prevent dangerous human interference of the climate system. Scientific analysis can provide information on the impacts of climate change, but deciding which impacts are dangerous requires value judgments.In 2010, Parties to the UNFCCC agreed that future global warming should be limited to below 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) relative to the pre-industrial level. This may be revised with a target of limiting global warming to below 1.5 °C relative to pre-industrial levels. The current trajectory of global greenhouse gas emissions does not appear to be consistent with limiting global warming to below 1.5 or 2 °C, relative to pre-industrial levels. Other mitigation policies have been proposed, some of which are more stringent or modest than the 2 °C limit.