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103 Rev Ex2 key Win06
103 Rev Ex2 key Win06

... 26. What are two common functions of metal ions as cofactors? Metal ions often are involved in electron transfer (redox) reactions in the active site. They also can activate the substrate by interacting with electron-rich atoms on the amino acid side-chains. They stabilize the transition state, and ...
[j26]Chapter 5#
[j26]Chapter 5#

... All of the reactions in the body that involve energy transformation are collectively called 73. _________; which, in turn is divided into two categories: reactions that release energy when breaking down larger molecules called 74. ___________, and 75. ___________, reactions that require energy while ...
Amino Acids 40 Profile
Amino Acids 40 Profile

... Amino acids, known as the "building blocks" of proteins, are found in every tissue of the body. They play a major role in nearly every chemical process that affects both physical and mental function including the formation of ligaments, tendons, bones, and antibodies, as well as regulation of enzyme ...
Chapter 3: The Chemical Basis for Life Lesson 3.2: Organic
Chapter 3: The Chemical Basis for Life Lesson 3.2: Organic

... synthesis reaction occurs when molecules combine to form a single, larger molecule and also a molecule of water (if some other small molecule is formed instead of water, the reaction is called by the more general term, condensation reaction). An example of a dehydration synthesis reaction is the for ...
chapter07
chapter07

... pump H+ , protons, across the inner mitochondrial membrane, forming a proton gradient. High proton concentration in the intermembrane space and low concentration in the matrix. During chemiosmosis, the proton gradient is used to synthesize ATP. The synthesis of ATP from ADP and P is called oxidative ...
Which of the following molecules is most likely to be used in a
Which of the following molecules is most likely to be used in a

... [Assume each NADH produces app 2.5 ATP’s and each FADH2 produces 1.5 ATP, Assume 2 ATP’s needed for the first activation step] A. First, calculate the number of acetyl-Sco-A that can be produced from Lauric Acid. (We do this by taking the number of carbon atoms in the acid and divide by 2.) This is ...
ESSENTIAL VITAMINS
ESSENTIAL VITAMINS

... maintaining energy levels and additional intake is often needed by those with high levels of stress. Methyl B Complex offers high-quality nutrients, which help to build a healthy micronutrient reserve. ...
How do digestive enzymes work
How do digestive enzymes work

... The shape of an enzyme is very important because it has a direct effect on how it catalyzes a reaction. Why do enzymes have different shapes? An enzyme’s shape is determined by the sequence of amino acids in its structure, and the bonds which form between the atoms of those molecules. ...
Insights into digestion and absorption of major nutrients in humans
Insights into digestion and absorption of major nutrients in humans

... detail the steps in the entire mammalian gastrointestinal (GI) tract for digestion and absorption of ONE of the three nutrient groups.” In other words, tell how carbohydrates, proteins, OR fats are broken down (in which organs and by which enzymes) and then describe how the final breakdown products ...
Detoxification of ammonia and biosynthesis of urea
Detoxification of ammonia and biosynthesis of urea

... form alanine, which is released into the blood. ...
Note 17 - South Tuen Mun Government Secondary School
Note 17 - South Tuen Mun Government Secondary School

...  Making bread [alcohol fermentation to make carbon dioxide that produces pores in the bread  soft]  Making yoghurt [lactic acid fermentation produces lactic acid to give the sour taste of the food] ...
Lactic Acid Bacteria: Characteristics
Lactic Acid Bacteria: Characteristics

... • Cheese and dairy products, canned foods, ...
Nutrition Support
Nutrition Support

... Vitamins Fat Soluble Vitamins Vitamin A Vitamin D Water Soluble Vitamins Folic Acid Pantothenic Acid ...
lec27_2013 - Andrew.cmu.edu
lec27_2013 - Andrew.cmu.edu

... Required reading in Horton: 10.1-10.5. Nelson: 13.1 Bioenergetics and Thermodynamics. ...
Chapter 3: The Chemical Basis for Life Lesson 2: Organic Compounds
Chapter 3: The Chemical Basis for Life Lesson 2: Organic Compounds

... occurs when molecules combine to form a single, larger molecule and also a molecule of water (if some other small molecule is formed instead of water, the reaction is called by the more general term, condensation reaction). An example of a dehydration synthesis reaction is the formation of peptide b ...
Life and Chemistry: Large Molecules
Life and Chemistry: Large Molecules

... double-bonded carbon in one of the chains —the chain is not completely saturated with hydrogen atoms. • The double bonds cause kinks that prevent easy packing. Unsaturated fatty acids are liquid at room temperature. Plants commonly have unsaturated fatty acids. ...
Chapter 7
Chapter 7

... (remember, from triglycerides), and amino acids. Now, recall that when amino acids are used for energy, they must first be deaminated. The remaining carbon chain ends up as glucose OR a derivative of glucose or fatty acids. Glycerol is actually a glucose derivative. So, when it comes to using chemic ...
Karbohidrat Metabolizması
Karbohidrat Metabolizması

... glycolysis is degraded to CO2 • Some ATP is produced • More NADH is made • NADH goes on to make more ATP in electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation ...
BIOCHEMISTRY NOTES
BIOCHEMISTRY NOTES

... series of reactions acts as an inhibitor, inactivating the function an enzyme in its own pathway E. Ways that cells regulate the rates of its reactions: 1. by regulating the concentrations of enzyme molecules, substrate molecules, and cofactor molecules 2. some enzymes are produced only when they ar ...
Visualizing the triplet code
Visualizing the triplet code

... Degenerate – multiple codons for some amino acids (wobble) Punctuation – start (AUG, Met) and stop (UAA, UGA, UAG) ...
BTEC National Unit 1 Energy Systems KW version
BTEC National Unit 1 Energy Systems KW version

... regenerate ATP because the demands of an activity are varied. For example, in rugby:  A short sprint to tackle a player uses the ATP-PC ...
Read the following text! TEXT A Organic chemistry is a subdiscipline
Read the following text! TEXT A Organic chemistry is a subdiscipline

... aggregate state of carbohydrates/ hydrocarbons. Alkanes/alkenes don’t contain any double or triple bonds. Aliphatic compounds with one or more double bonds are called alkenes/alkynes, and with one or more triple bonds are named paraffins/alkynes. 13.Fill in the gaps with terms from TEXT A above. Liv ...
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... The second priority • Thus, the second priority of metabolism in starvation is to preserve protein, which is accomplished by shifting the fuel being used from glucose to fatty acids and ketone bodies. ...
Bioenergetics - people.emich.edu
Bioenergetics - people.emich.edu

... • Cell membrane – semi-permeable – encloses internal components of cell – regulates flux of metabolites and nutrients • Nucleus – contains genetic material (DNA) – regulates protein production • Cytoplasm – fluid portion of the cell which contains organelles, enzymes etc. ...
of food . All the digestive enzymes are proteins
of food . All the digestive enzymes are proteins

... removed from the next , which combined with water to form water , when carbohydrate are digested back into monosaccharides specific enzyme return hydrogen&hydroxyl ion to the polysaccharides &separate the monosaccharides from each other this process called hydrolysis. Fat consist of triglycerides wh ...
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Fatty acid synthesis



Fatty acid synthesis is the creation of fatty acids from acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA precursors through action of enzymes called fatty acid synthases. It is an important part of the lipogenesis process, which – together with glycolysis – functions to create fats from blood sugar in living organisms.
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