Deletion mutant of FGFR4 induces onion
... invagination of ER-derived membrane stacks into the nucleus. ...
... invagination of ER-derived membrane stacks into the nucleus. ...
Slide 1 - Elsevier Store
... FIGURE 12.8 Central role of astrocytes in brain homeostasis. Orange: pH buffering. Abundant carbonic anhydrase (CA) in astrocytes converts CO 2 to H+ andHCO3−. TwoHCO3– are transported into the extracellular space along with one Na+ via the Na+-HCO3− cotransporter (NBC), thereby increasing the extr ...
... FIGURE 12.8 Central role of astrocytes in brain homeostasis. Orange: pH buffering. Abundant carbonic anhydrase (CA) in astrocytes converts CO 2 to H+ andHCO3−. TwoHCO3– are transported into the extracellular space along with one Na+ via the Na+-HCO3− cotransporter (NBC), thereby increasing the extr ...
Determination of Molecular Weight of
... human embryonic kidney cells (2). The secreted soluble receptor was purified by chromatography on a TNF-α affinity column and reversed phase HPLC. The molecular mass of this protein is ≈19 kDa based on the theoretical amino acid composition derived from the protein sequence encoded by the cDNA. This ...
... human embryonic kidney cells (2). The secreted soluble receptor was purified by chromatography on a TNF-α affinity column and reversed phase HPLC. The molecular mass of this protein is ≈19 kDa based on the theoretical amino acid composition derived from the protein sequence encoded by the cDNA. This ...
Recent developments in photorespiration research
... P-, T- and L-protein. This happens through its lipoyl prosthetic group, and perturbation of mitochondrial lipoate biosynthesis hence impairs photorespiratory carbon flux [21]. First, P-protein extracts the aminomethylene moiety from glycine and ligates it to the lipoyl arm of H-protein to form S-ami ...
... P-, T- and L-protein. This happens through its lipoyl prosthetic group, and perturbation of mitochondrial lipoate biosynthesis hence impairs photorespiratory carbon flux [21]. First, P-protein extracts the aminomethylene moiety from glycine and ligates it to the lipoyl arm of H-protein to form S-ami ...
Prokaryotic Annotation at TIGR
... name, gene symbol, EC number, TIGR role, GO terms, comments as needed • store evidence for the annotation (something we always did) • annotation should only be as specific as evidence supports, err on the side of undercalling rather than overcalling ...
... name, gene symbol, EC number, TIGR role, GO terms, comments as needed • store evidence for the annotation (something we always did) • annotation should only be as specific as evidence supports, err on the side of undercalling rather than overcalling ...
1 - JACC
... quantitative and qualitative pattern of metabolites in body fluids (1). In the same year, Horning and Horning (2) first used the term metabolic profiling to describe the gas chromatography (GC) output from a patient sample. This emerging approach to the quantitative metabolic profiling of large numb ...
... quantitative and qualitative pattern of metabolites in body fluids (1). In the same year, Horning and Horning (2) first used the term metabolic profiling to describe the gas chromatography (GC) output from a patient sample. This emerging approach to the quantitative metabolic profiling of large numb ...
Characterization of a conformationally sensitive TOAC spin
... was washed with ethyl acetate, dried and the peptides were extracted into 5% acetic acid and lyophilized. The crude TOACattaching peptides were submitted to alkaline treatment (pH 10, 1 h, 50 8C) for complete reversal of the nitroxide protonation that occurs during the final acid cleavage in HF. The ...
... was washed with ethyl acetate, dried and the peptides were extracted into 5% acetic acid and lyophilized. The crude TOACattaching peptides were submitted to alkaline treatment (pH 10, 1 h, 50 8C) for complete reversal of the nitroxide protonation that occurs during the final acid cleavage in HF. The ...
Biosynthesis of Phenylpropane
... enzymes and their abbreviations are as follows: CAD, (hydroxy)cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase; CCoAOMT, caffeoyl CoA Omethyltransferase; CCR, (hydroxy)cinnamoyl CoA reductase; C3H, p-coumaroyl shikimate/quinate 3-hydroxylase; C4H, cinnamate 4hydroxylase; 4CL, 4-coumarate CoA ligase; COMT, caffeic aci ...
... enzymes and their abbreviations are as follows: CAD, (hydroxy)cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase; CCoAOMT, caffeoyl CoA Omethyltransferase; CCR, (hydroxy)cinnamoyl CoA reductase; C3H, p-coumaroyl shikimate/quinate 3-hydroxylase; C4H, cinnamate 4hydroxylase; 4CL, 4-coumarate CoA ligase; COMT, caffeic aci ...
Cell Signaling during Cold, Drought, and Salt Stress
... animal cells, IP3 is degraded through either an inositol polyphosphate 3-kinase pathway or an inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase (Ins5Pase) pathway, resulting in the generation of inositol 1,3,4,5-tetraphosphate and inositol 1,4-bisphosphate [Ins(1,4)P2], respectively (Majerus, 1992). However, inf ...
... animal cells, IP3 is degraded through either an inositol polyphosphate 3-kinase pathway or an inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase (Ins5Pase) pathway, resulting in the generation of inositol 1,3,4,5-tetraphosphate and inositol 1,4-bisphosphate [Ins(1,4)P2], respectively (Majerus, 1992). However, inf ...
Nitrogen catabolite repressible GAP1 promoter, a new tool for
... is to scavenge external amino acids in order to be used as nitrogen sources or directly as building blocks for protein synthesis. Transcription of the GAP1 gene is promoted by two GATA-family factors, Gln3 and Gat1, which are mostly active when the nitrogen supply conditions are cell-growth limiting ...
... is to scavenge external amino acids in order to be used as nitrogen sources or directly as building blocks for protein synthesis. Transcription of the GAP1 gene is promoted by two GATA-family factors, Gln3 and Gat1, which are mostly active when the nitrogen supply conditions are cell-growth limiting ...
Fundamentals of Biochemistry 2/e
... 1 CO2 produced in 1 round of the cycle Oxidation of acetyl groups to 2 CO2 requires transfer of 4 pair of electrons ...
... 1 CO2 produced in 1 round of the cycle Oxidation of acetyl groups to 2 CO2 requires transfer of 4 pair of electrons ...
Bis2A 07.3 Oxidation of Pyruvate and the Citric
... liver. This form produces GTP. GTP is energetically equivalent to ATP; however, its use is more restricted. In particular, protein synthesis primarily uses GTP. Step 6. Step six is a dehydration process that converts succinate into fumarate. Two hydrogen atoms are transferred to FAD, producing FADH2 ...
... liver. This form produces GTP. GTP is energetically equivalent to ATP; however, its use is more restricted. In particular, protein synthesis primarily uses GTP. Step 6. Step six is a dehydration process that converts succinate into fumarate. Two hydrogen atoms are transferred to FAD, producing FADH2 ...
Role of Bruton`s tyrosine kinase in innate and adaptive immunity
... Activation of Btk by the B cell receptor (BCR) One of the initial events that occur in response to engagement of the BCR is the activation of non-receptor protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) like Syk, Lyn and Fyn, and the phosphorylation of the intracellular sequences of the BCR, so called immunorecepto ...
... Activation of Btk by the B cell receptor (BCR) One of the initial events that occur in response to engagement of the BCR is the activation of non-receptor protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) like Syk, Lyn and Fyn, and the phosphorylation of the intracellular sequences of the BCR, so called immunorecepto ...
Presentation
... D. Receptor Tyrosine Kinases (TK) • Many growth factors operate by a signaling pathway involving a tyrosine kinase • TK is a multifunctional transmembrane protein containing a receptor, a transducer, and an effector ...
... D. Receptor Tyrosine Kinases (TK) • Many growth factors operate by a signaling pathway involving a tyrosine kinase • TK is a multifunctional transmembrane protein containing a receptor, a transducer, and an effector ...
Enzymes
... microorganisms in the gut produce another enzyme, cellulase, to break down the cellulose cell walls of plant fiber. ...
... microorganisms in the gut produce another enzyme, cellulase, to break down the cellulose cell walls of plant fiber. ...
Strategies to maintain redox homeostasis during photosynthesis
... regulation. Unique regulatory sequences containing disulphide bridges are reduced in the target enzymes in the light. Continuous oxidation by O2 reverts the reducing step, thus leading to a ‘futile cycle’ for the sake of regulation, consuming electrons for the continuous reduction of the re-oxidized ...
... regulation. Unique regulatory sequences containing disulphide bridges are reduced in the target enzymes in the light. Continuous oxidation by O2 reverts the reducing step, thus leading to a ‘futile cycle’ for the sake of regulation, consuming electrons for the continuous reduction of the re-oxidized ...
LDL
... PPARγ and Xenopus PPARγ are more closely related in terms of amino acid identity than human PPARα and human PPARγ. • All PPAR subtypes share a high degree of amino acid sequence similarity, both within their DBD and LBD domains. This is reflected in functional similarities in that these receptors ar ...
... PPARγ and Xenopus PPARγ are more closely related in terms of amino acid identity than human PPARα and human PPARγ. • All PPAR subtypes share a high degree of amino acid sequence similarity, both within their DBD and LBD domains. This is reflected in functional similarities in that these receptors ar ...
Jane M. Carlton, , 207 (2007); DOI: 10.1126/science.1132894
... gene transfer (LGT) [tables S6 and S7 and Supporting Online Material (SOM) text], augmenting previous reports of conflicting phylogenetic relationships among several enzymes (7). The putative functions of these genes are diverse, affecting various metabolic pathways (fig. S2) and strongly influencin ...
... gene transfer (LGT) [tables S6 and S7 and Supporting Online Material (SOM) text], augmenting previous reports of conflicting phylogenetic relationships among several enzymes (7). The putative functions of these genes are diverse, affecting various metabolic pathways (fig. S2) and strongly influencin ...
Molecular Cloning of a Human Ca2+-dependent Cell
... movement and rearrangement of cell collectives, suggesting that cadherins play a key role in morphogenetic events (for review, see reference 22). Recent studies using cells transfected with cadherin cDNAs have demonstrated experimentally that cadherin molecules are directly involved in ceU-ceU bindi ...
... movement and rearrangement of cell collectives, suggesting that cadherins play a key role in morphogenetic events (for review, see reference 22). Recent studies using cells transfected with cadherin cDNAs have demonstrated experimentally that cadherin molecules are directly involved in ceU-ceU bindi ...
Hexokinase
... Glycolysis is an anaerobic pathway—it does not require oxygen 1.The TCA (tricarboxylic acid) cycle is aerobic. When oxygen is abundant, cells prefer to combine these pathways in aerobic metabolism 2.When oxygen is limiting, cells adapt to carry out more glycolysis ...
... Glycolysis is an anaerobic pathway—it does not require oxygen 1.The TCA (tricarboxylic acid) cycle is aerobic. When oxygen is abundant, cells prefer to combine these pathways in aerobic metabolism 2.When oxygen is limiting, cells adapt to carry out more glycolysis ...
Introduction to Cancer Biology
... DNA mutations result in defects in the regulatory circuits of a cell, which disrupt normal cell proliferation behaviour. However the complexity of this disease is not as simple at the cellular and molecular level. Individual cell behaviour is not autonomous, and it usually relies on external signals ...
... DNA mutations result in defects in the regulatory circuits of a cell, which disrupt normal cell proliferation behaviour. However the complexity of this disease is not as simple at the cellular and molecular level. Individual cell behaviour is not autonomous, and it usually relies on external signals ...
doc BIOC 311 Final Study Guide
... arrangement of the substrate in the active site. a. The active site is composed of several dozen amino acids that form an assymetric pocket. Only 2-3 of these residues actually perform the catalysis, the rest are actually inhibited from participating in the reaction and instead form a 'scaffold'. b ...
... arrangement of the substrate in the active site. a. The active site is composed of several dozen amino acids that form an assymetric pocket. Only 2-3 of these residues actually perform the catalysis, the rest are actually inhibited from participating in the reaction and instead form a 'scaffold'. b ...
