The not-so-humble worm - Genome Biology
... recent work in this area. Worms infected with the pathogenic bacterium Microbacterium nematophilus show a swelling response that appears to be protective in nature and which involves local activation of a mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase cascade. Overexpression of the kinase MEK-2 causes swell ...
... recent work in this area. Worms infected with the pathogenic bacterium Microbacterium nematophilus show a swelling response that appears to be protective in nature and which involves local activation of a mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase cascade. Overexpression of the kinase MEK-2 causes swell ...
Gene Section BCL2L12 (BCL2-like 12 (proline-rich)) Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics
... proline-rich sites. One PPPP site as well as five PP amino acid sites are present in this protein. Eight putative PXXP motifs were also identified. Proline-rich motifs are characterized by the presence of the consensus PXXP tetrapeptide, found in all proline-rich proteins identified to date. It is k ...
... proline-rich sites. One PPPP site as well as five PP amino acid sites are present in this protein. Eight putative PXXP motifs were also identified. Proline-rich motifs are characterized by the presence of the consensus PXXP tetrapeptide, found in all proline-rich proteins identified to date. It is k ...
for? of Immune Homeostasis: Molecules to Die FOXO Transcription
... (FOXO) transcription factors. Phosphorylation results in nuclear exclusion and inhibition of transcription. FOXO transcription factors have been found to play critical roles in regulation of proliferation, apoptosis and control of oxidative stress. This occurs through both activation and repression ...
... (FOXO) transcription factors. Phosphorylation results in nuclear exclusion and inhibition of transcription. FOXO transcription factors have been found to play critical roles in regulation of proliferation, apoptosis and control of oxidative stress. This occurs through both activation and repression ...
Biochemistry Objectives 38 and 39
... d. Rhodopsin: active photoreceptor that is activated by a photon of light (when activated, 11-cis-retinal turns back to all-trans retinal) e. Metarhodopsin II: downstream, active Gt-protein coupled receptor where Gt dissociates to activate visual stimulation f. Transducin: Gt molecule that signals m ...
... d. Rhodopsin: active photoreceptor that is activated by a photon of light (when activated, 11-cis-retinal turns back to all-trans retinal) e. Metarhodopsin II: downstream, active Gt-protein coupled receptor where Gt dissociates to activate visual stimulation f. Transducin: Gt molecule that signals m ...
Introduction to Neuropharmacology
... Receptor types and Selectivity • Drug Selectivity: selectivity of drug for effected receptor – Does drug bind to only α1 receptors or does it also bind to β1 and β2 receptors? ...
... Receptor types and Selectivity • Drug Selectivity: selectivity of drug for effected receptor – Does drug bind to only α1 receptors or does it also bind to β1 and β2 receptors? ...
Engineered Communications for Microbial Robotics
... • Inducers can inactivate repressors: – IPTG (Isopropylthio-ß-galactoside) Lac repressor – aTc (Anhydrotetracycline) Tet repressor ...
... • Inducers can inactivate repressors: – IPTG (Isopropylthio-ß-galactoside) Lac repressor – aTc (Anhydrotetracycline) Tet repressor ...
Protein degradation and regulation
... proteins, actin and myosins. In addition, the pathway also controls various major biological events: cellcycle progression, oncogenesis, transcriptional control, development and differentiation, signal transduction, receptor downregulation and antigen processing, via the breakdown of specific protei ...
... proteins, actin and myosins. In addition, the pathway also controls various major biological events: cellcycle progression, oncogenesis, transcriptional control, development and differentiation, signal transduction, receptor downregulation and antigen processing, via the breakdown of specific protei ...
aliphatic amino acid structures
... and shape • One SDS bind for every two residues • Protein is denatured, subunits will be separated ...
... and shape • One SDS bind for every two residues • Protein is denatured, subunits will be separated ...
BIO 212 SI Kukday-- Nervous System (2) 4/11
... 1.) Can you explain how signals are received by sensory receptor cells in the ear and then transmitted to sensory neurons? 2.) Can you identify functions of the different parts of the ear? How are mechanical waves converted into signals within the ear? 3.) Can you illustrate the organization of the ...
... 1.) Can you explain how signals are received by sensory receptor cells in the ear and then transmitted to sensory neurons? 2.) Can you identify functions of the different parts of the ear? How are mechanical waves converted into signals within the ear? 3.) Can you illustrate the organization of the ...
Gene Section FOXA1 (forkhead box A1) Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics
... translocations have been reported. MIPOL1 and C14orf25 are the two adjoining genes. MIPOL1 has been described as a tumor suppressor gene in nasopharyngeal carcinoma, whereas the function of C14orf25 is unknown. ...
... translocations have been reported. MIPOL1 and C14orf25 are the two adjoining genes. MIPOL1 has been described as a tumor suppressor gene in nasopharyngeal carcinoma, whereas the function of C14orf25 is unknown. ...
Biology Answer Key
... Unmyelinated cell bodies and dendrites comprise grey matter while myelinated axons makeup white matter. How many molecules of ATP and NADH2 are synthesized in one turn of Kreb’s cycle? 4 NADH2 and 1 ATP are produced Categorise human vertebrae on the basis of their location giving the specific number ...
... Unmyelinated cell bodies and dendrites comprise grey matter while myelinated axons makeup white matter. How many molecules of ATP and NADH2 are synthesized in one turn of Kreb’s cycle? 4 NADH2 and 1 ATP are produced Categorise human vertebrae on the basis of their location giving the specific number ...
Plant Response
... – Curvatures of whole plant organs toward or away from stimuli is called a tropism – Grass seedling could bend toward light only if the tip of the ...
... – Curvatures of whole plant organs toward or away from stimuli is called a tropism – Grass seedling could bend toward light only if the tip of the ...
Document
... Pathway of conversion of (A) galactose to glucose in the liver and (B) glucose to lactose in the lactating mammary gland. ...
... Pathway of conversion of (A) galactose to glucose in the liver and (B) glucose to lactose in the lactating mammary gland. ...
Gene Section KLF5 (Kruppel-like factor 5 (intestinal)) Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics
... ubiquitin ligase WWP1. Three zinc finger domains at C-terminus can bind to GC rich DNA sequence. ...
... ubiquitin ligase WWP1. Three zinc finger domains at C-terminus can bind to GC rich DNA sequence. ...
Tools for transcription factor research
... vectors, for in vivo analysis. Our in vitro assays for transcription factor (TF) profiling include our protein/DNA (PD) arrays that can be used to monitor TF expression levels when cells are perturbed by various stimuli or as they are subjected to a change in their physiological state. This approa ...
... vectors, for in vivo analysis. Our in vitro assays for transcription factor (TF) profiling include our protein/DNA (PD) arrays that can be used to monitor TF expression levels when cells are perturbed by various stimuli or as they are subjected to a change in their physiological state. This approa ...
Biochemistry Ch 35 663-676 [4-20
... -degraded by the enzyme fatty acid amide hydrolase, and inhibiting this enzyme can prolong analgesic effects induced by anandamide Mechanism of Action of Eicosanoids – target eicosanoid receptors on plasma membrane of target cell, which activates adenylyl cyclase cAMP- protein kinase A system or cau ...
... -degraded by the enzyme fatty acid amide hydrolase, and inhibiting this enzyme can prolong analgesic effects induced by anandamide Mechanism of Action of Eicosanoids – target eicosanoid receptors on plasma membrane of target cell, which activates adenylyl cyclase cAMP- protein kinase A system or cau ...
Protein and Amino Acid
... Collagen is the basic material that forms most of the connective tissue Contractile proteins such as myosin and actin regulate muscle contraction. Many hormones are composed of protein. Eg. Insulin and glucagon are protein hormones that control blood glucose levels Proteins are found in the ...
... Collagen is the basic material that forms most of the connective tissue Contractile proteins such as myosin and actin regulate muscle contraction. Many hormones are composed of protein. Eg. Insulin and glucagon are protein hormones that control blood glucose levels Proteins are found in the ...
G:\CLASSES\BI 205\Biol205_S10\exams\Final_S10.wpd
... (6 points) The citric acid cycle generates NADH+H+ and FADH2, which are then used in the process of oxidative phosphorylation to make ATP. If the citric acid cycle (which does not use oxygen) and oxphos are separate processes, as they are, then why is it that the citric acid cycle stops almost immed ...
... (6 points) The citric acid cycle generates NADH+H+ and FADH2, which are then used in the process of oxidative phosphorylation to make ATP. If the citric acid cycle (which does not use oxygen) and oxphos are separate processes, as they are, then why is it that the citric acid cycle stops almost immed ...
Toll-like receptor signaling in cell proliferation and survival
... damaged or inflamed self tissues. Upon sensing these molecules, TLRs initiate a series of downstream signaling events that drive cellular responses including the production of cytokines, chemokines, and other inflammatory mediators. This outcome results from the intracellular assembly of protein compl ...
... damaged or inflamed self tissues. Upon sensing these molecules, TLRs initiate a series of downstream signaling events that drive cellular responses including the production of cytokines, chemokines, and other inflammatory mediators. This outcome results from the intracellular assembly of protein compl ...
What is trans-acting factor?
... extracellular domain of a specific cell surface receptor 2. The signal is thus communicated to the intracellular domain of receptor (via an allosteric change or dimerization ) 3*. The signal is then relayed (分程传递) to the relevant transcriptional regulator. 4. The transcriptional regulator control th ...
... extracellular domain of a specific cell surface receptor 2. The signal is thus communicated to the intracellular domain of receptor (via an allosteric change or dimerization ) 3*. The signal is then relayed (分程传递) to the relevant transcriptional regulator. 4. The transcriptional regulator control th ...
Document
... The conversion of pregnenolone to testosterone requires the action of five enzyme activities contained in three proteins: (1) 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD) and ∆5,4-isomerase; (2) 17α-hydroxylase and C17-20 Lyase and (3) 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17β-OHSD). The ∆5 route appears t ...
... The conversion of pregnenolone to testosterone requires the action of five enzyme activities contained in three proteins: (1) 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD) and ∆5,4-isomerase; (2) 17α-hydroxylase and C17-20 Lyase and (3) 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17β-OHSD). The ∆5 route appears t ...
Diabetes & The Endocannabinoid System: Prospects For
... – Yet again, also activates the PLCγ-PKC pathway, and IP3 mediated intracellular Ca2+ release, like the CB receptors – How then, can cannabinoids be beneficial? ...
... – Yet again, also activates the PLCγ-PKC pathway, and IP3 mediated intracellular Ca2+ release, like the CB receptors – How then, can cannabinoids be beneficial? ...
Preview Sample 1
... With respect to knock-out technology, it has been said "If a protein's function is important, its knock-out will result in lethality. On the other hand, if it's very important its function will be duplicated by another protein, and there will be no obvious phenotype for the knock-out." Please explai ...
... With respect to knock-out technology, it has been said "If a protein's function is important, its knock-out will result in lethality. On the other hand, if it's very important its function will be duplicated by another protein, and there will be no obvious phenotype for the knock-out." Please explai ...
Morphogen-induced Platelet Activation and Cell Signalling
... TGFs are biologically active peptides. They induce anchorage dependent, non-neoplastic cells to lose contact inhibition and undergo anchorageindependent growth. TGFs are classified into two types, type-â and type- , based on their relationship with EGFs. Type-â TGFs are single chain, low molecular w ...
... TGFs are biologically active peptides. They induce anchorage dependent, non-neoplastic cells to lose contact inhibition and undergo anchorageindependent growth. TGFs are classified into two types, type-â and type- , based on their relationship with EGFs. Type-â TGFs are single chain, low molecular w ...
Paracrine signalling
Paracrine signaling is a form of cell-cell communication in which a cell produces a signal to induce changes in nearby cells, altering the behavior or differentiation of those cells. Signaling molecules known as paracrine factors diffuse over a relatively short distance (local action), as opposed to endocrine factors (hormones which travel considerably longer distances via the circulatory system), juxtacrine interactions, and autocrine signaling. Cells that produce paracrine factors secrete them into the immediate extracellular environment. Factors then travel to nearby cells in which the gradient of factor received determines the outcome. However, the exact distance that paracrine factors can travel is not certain.Although paracrine signaling elicits a diverse array of responses in the induced cells, most paracrine factors utilize a relatively streamlined set of receptors and pathways. In fact, different organs in the body -even between different species - are known to utilize a similar sets of paracrine factors in differential development. The highly conserved receptors and pathways can be organized into four major families based on similar structures: Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family, Hedgehog family, Wnt family, and TGF-β superfamily. Binding of a paracrine factor to its respective receptor initiates signal transduction cascades, eliciting different responses.