Isoforms of acetyl-CoA carboxylase
... are most important for membrane lipid synthesis; regulation of ACC therefore reflects control of phospholipid biosynthesis and of overall cell growth. In multicellular organisms, de novo biosynthesis of long-chain fatty acids makes an important contribution to the synthesis of energy stores as well ...
... are most important for membrane lipid synthesis; regulation of ACC therefore reflects control of phospholipid biosynthesis and of overall cell growth. In multicellular organisms, de novo biosynthesis of long-chain fatty acids makes an important contribution to the synthesis of energy stores as well ...
Modulation of T cell signaling by the actin cytoskeleton
... [c, d, e and f] in the T cell membrane for signal transduction. The term ‘TCR’ is sometimes applied to this larger complex. All CD3 subunits in the complex contain immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs) in their cytoplasmic domains, whose phosphorylation leads to signaling downstrea ...
... [c, d, e and f] in the T cell membrane for signal transduction. The term ‘TCR’ is sometimes applied to this larger complex. All CD3 subunits in the complex contain immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs) in their cytoplasmic domains, whose phosphorylation leads to signaling downstrea ...
Cells
... • All cells come from the division of preexisting cells • Cells are the smallest units that perform all vital physiological functions • Each cell maintains homeostasis at the cellular level ...
... • All cells come from the division of preexisting cells • Cells are the smallest units that perform all vital physiological functions • Each cell maintains homeostasis at the cellular level ...
Structural genomics of proteins from conserved biochemical
... Streptomyces, for example) are thought to use the DOXP pathway to produce primary metabolites during exponential growth, while employing nonessential MVA pathway enzymes in the stationary phase to produce secondary factors, including antibiotics [59–62]. Given that the more ancient DOXP pathway cont ...
... Streptomyces, for example) are thought to use the DOXP pathway to produce primary metabolites during exponential growth, while employing nonessential MVA pathway enzymes in the stationary phase to produce secondary factors, including antibiotics [59–62]. Given that the more ancient DOXP pathway cont ...
Trafficking of phosphatidylinositol by phosphatidylinositol transfer
... of 271 amino acids, which showed no sequence similarity with other known proteins. Previously, a PITP that facilitates the transfer of PtdIns and PtdCho in vitro has been isolated from the cytosol of yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisae [3]. This protein is encoded by the SEC14 gene and is required for tr ...
... of 271 amino acids, which showed no sequence similarity with other known proteins. Previously, a PITP that facilitates the transfer of PtdIns and PtdCho in vitro has been isolated from the cytosol of yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisae [3]. This protein is encoded by the SEC14 gene and is required for tr ...
RMA1, an Arabidopsis thaliana Gene Whose cDNA Suppresses the
... Jahn 1994). However, only a little information is available at present on the secretory mechanisms in plants. Because plant cells cannot migrate in general, the directions of cell division and elongation are critical parameters to determine the shape of tissues and organs in plants. The secretory pa ...
... Jahn 1994). However, only a little information is available at present on the secretory mechanisms in plants. Because plant cells cannot migrate in general, the directions of cell division and elongation are critical parameters to determine the shape of tissues and organs in plants. The secretory pa ...
One of the most famous examples
... bound they are considered part of the protein. These small molecules are called prosthetic groups, and in general they are not covalently attached to the protein but rather are bound tightly by a series of weak bonds,. These small molecules are usually essential for the function of the protein. For ...
... bound they are considered part of the protein. These small molecules are called prosthetic groups, and in general they are not covalently attached to the protein but rather are bound tightly by a series of weak bonds,. These small molecules are usually essential for the function of the protein. For ...
basic principles of isoelectric focusing in biomedical engineering
... charges are equal. Surfaces naturally charge to form a double layer. In the common case when the surface chargedetermining ions are H+/OH-, the net surface charge is affected by the pH of the liquid in which the solid is submerged. Again, the pI is the pH value of the solution at which the surfaces ...
... charges are equal. Surfaces naturally charge to form a double layer. In the common case when the surface chargedetermining ions are H+/OH-, the net surface charge is affected by the pH of the liquid in which the solid is submerged. Again, the pI is the pH value of the solution at which the surfaces ...
Gene Section NMT1 (N-myristoyltransferase 1) Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics
... detection of colorectal cancer using NMT as a blood based marker (Shrivastav et al., 2007; Kumar et al., 2011). The immunohistochemical analysis shows weak to negative staining for NMT in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of controls, whereas strong positivity is observed in the PBMC of colo ...
... detection of colorectal cancer using NMT as a blood based marker (Shrivastav et al., 2007; Kumar et al., 2011). The immunohistochemical analysis shows weak to negative staining for NMT in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of controls, whereas strong positivity is observed in the PBMC of colo ...
The role of mitochondrial hexokinase II in ischemia - UvA-DARE
... Trigger phase. As a result of an IPC protocol different agonists, such as adenosine, opioids and bradykinin, are released in a pre-ischemic trigger phase (37; 55; 67). These agonists trigger activity of specific G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) by binding to them (37; 55; 67). The receptors work i ...
... Trigger phase. As a result of an IPC protocol different agonists, such as adenosine, opioids and bradykinin, are released in a pre-ischemic trigger phase (37; 55; 67). These agonists trigger activity of specific G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) by binding to them (37; 55; 67). The receptors work i ...
Structure-Function of the Glucagon Receptor Family of G Protein
... The glucagon-like peptides include glucagon, GLP-1, and GLP-2, and exert diverse actions on nutrient intake, gastrointestinal motility, islet hormone secretion, cell proliferation and apoptosis, nutrient absorption, and nutrient assimilation. GIP, a related member of the glucagon peptide superfamily ...
... The glucagon-like peptides include glucagon, GLP-1, and GLP-2, and exert diverse actions on nutrient intake, gastrointestinal motility, islet hormone secretion, cell proliferation and apoptosis, nutrient absorption, and nutrient assimilation. GIP, a related member of the glucagon peptide superfamily ...
Changes of cellular redox homeostasis and protein - LINK
... proteins to the cell membrane is about 1 mM [22]. In all aerobic organisms active oxygen species are produced even under physiological conditions. A variety of antioxidant systems exists in the cytoplasm to diminish the oxidative damage. This important task is performed by enzymes like superoxide di ...
... proteins to the cell membrane is about 1 mM [22]. In all aerobic organisms active oxygen species are produced even under physiological conditions. A variety of antioxidant systems exists in the cytoplasm to diminish the oxidative damage. This important task is performed by enzymes like superoxide di ...
GENERATION OF K581A MUTATION AND PRODUCTION OF RECOMBINANT JAK2 PROTEIN
... December 2012 Degree Programme in Laboratory Sciences Tampere University of Applied Sciences ...
... December 2012 Degree Programme in Laboratory Sciences Tampere University of Applied Sciences ...
Diversity of proteins
... strands and allow a peptide chain to fold back on itself to make a compact structure • ________ - often contain hydrophilic residues and are found on protein surfaces • ______ - loops containing 5 residues or less ...
... strands and allow a peptide chain to fold back on itself to make a compact structure • ________ - often contain hydrophilic residues and are found on protein surfaces • ______ - loops containing 5 residues or less ...
Supplementary Methods (a) Chemically
... basis. To calculate the relative abundance for each protein sample type (per gel lane), the total ...
... basis. To calculate the relative abundance for each protein sample type (per gel lane), the total ...
Proteases: Hydrolysis of Peptide Bonds
... Caspase Cascade represents intracellular signaling pathways via proteolysis, with initiation, propagation, and termination phases. Initiation phase: Caspases activated hierarchically by protein-protein interactions to convert from single chain zymogens to two chain active proteases Propagation phase ...
... Caspase Cascade represents intracellular signaling pathways via proteolysis, with initiation, propagation, and termination phases. Initiation phase: Caspases activated hierarchically by protein-protein interactions to convert from single chain zymogens to two chain active proteases Propagation phase ...
RNA Polymerase II Subunit Rpb9 Regulates Transcription
... YF2230, and YF2234 were grown in yeast extract peptone liquid medium with 2% glucose. YF2230 cells transformed with each of the pRS314RPB9BE constructs was grown in liquid complete synthetic medium lacking tryptophan. All cultures were grown at 30 °C to A600 nm ⫽ 0.2 to 1.0. Cells (5 ⫻ 107) were har ...
... YF2230, and YF2234 were grown in yeast extract peptone liquid medium with 2% glucose. YF2230 cells transformed with each of the pRS314RPB9BE constructs was grown in liquid complete synthetic medium lacking tryptophan. All cultures were grown at 30 °C to A600 nm ⫽ 0.2 to 1.0. Cells (5 ⫻ 107) were har ...
無投影片標題
... Growth function of cells ( good buffering capacity) Good maintenance of electrolyte balance Fe+2---Zn+2----Cu+2 trace elements: Na+,K+, Ca+2,Mg+2,Cl-,HPO4-2….. ...
... Growth function of cells ( good buffering capacity) Good maintenance of electrolyte balance Fe+2---Zn+2----Cu+2 trace elements: Na+,K+, Ca+2,Mg+2,Cl-,HPO4-2….. ...
The Glutamate Receptor Subunit 1 Is Highly Expressed in Hair Cells
... subunits, d1 and d2, that share 56% amino acid identity (Yamazaki et al., 1992; Lomeli et al., 1993). Although d receptors are structurally similar to other glutamate receptors, they have not been demonstrated in vitro to form functional ion channels (Lomeli et al., 1993). The d2 receptor is express ...
... subunits, d1 and d2, that share 56% amino acid identity (Yamazaki et al., 1992; Lomeli et al., 1993). Although d receptors are structurally similar to other glutamate receptors, they have not been demonstrated in vitro to form functional ion channels (Lomeli et al., 1993). The d2 receptor is express ...
The role of Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) - UiO
... mature adipocytes, has been widely studied with mouse models and in particular with differentiation of the murine preadipocytes 3T3-L1 and 3T3-F22A. Previous research has found Mitogen Activated Protein kinase (MAPK) activity to be required in the early stages of adipogenesis. MKPs are phosphatases ...
... mature adipocytes, has been widely studied with mouse models and in particular with differentiation of the murine preadipocytes 3T3-L1 and 3T3-F22A. Previous research has found Mitogen Activated Protein kinase (MAPK) activity to be required in the early stages of adipogenesis. MKPs are phosphatases ...
Isolation of a New Member of the $100 Protein Family: Amino Acid
... Immunofluorescence microscopy was performed as described (53) with the following modifications. MDBK cells grown on glass coverslips were fixed in PBS containing 4% formaldehyde for !.5 h followed by further fixation and permiabilization in methanol/acetone (1:1) at -20°C for 5 min. Coverslips were ...
... Immunofluorescence microscopy was performed as described (53) with the following modifications. MDBK cells grown on glass coverslips were fixed in PBS containing 4% formaldehyde for !.5 h followed by further fixation and permiabilization in methanol/acetone (1:1) at -20°C for 5 min. Coverslips were ...
Gene regulation in physiological stress
... response to specific signals [7]. Activation of transcription factors is often a result of protein phosphorylation mediated by protein kinases that are often at the terminus of long signal transduction cascades [8]. Identification of the transcription factor response elements present in different ge ...
... response to specific signals [7]. Activation of transcription factors is often a result of protein phosphorylation mediated by protein kinases that are often at the terminus of long signal transduction cascades [8]. Identification of the transcription factor response elements present in different ge ...
Disruption of Glucocorticoid and Mineralocorticoid Receptor
... are produced in the adrenal cortex involving several steroidogenic enzymes, and the synthesis of these hormones is tightly regulated by corticotrophin releasing factor (CRF) and adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) via the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Glucocorticoids control their own s ...
... are produced in the adrenal cortex involving several steroidogenic enzymes, and the synthesis of these hormones is tightly regulated by corticotrophin releasing factor (CRF) and adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) via the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Glucocorticoids control their own s ...
Paracrine signalling
Paracrine signaling is a form of cell-cell communication in which a cell produces a signal to induce changes in nearby cells, altering the behavior or differentiation of those cells. Signaling molecules known as paracrine factors diffuse over a relatively short distance (local action), as opposed to endocrine factors (hormones which travel considerably longer distances via the circulatory system), juxtacrine interactions, and autocrine signaling. Cells that produce paracrine factors secrete them into the immediate extracellular environment. Factors then travel to nearby cells in which the gradient of factor received determines the outcome. However, the exact distance that paracrine factors can travel is not certain.Although paracrine signaling elicits a diverse array of responses in the induced cells, most paracrine factors utilize a relatively streamlined set of receptors and pathways. In fact, different organs in the body -even between different species - are known to utilize a similar sets of paracrine factors in differential development. The highly conserved receptors and pathways can be organized into four major families based on similar structures: Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family, Hedgehog family, Wnt family, and TGF-β superfamily. Binding of a paracrine factor to its respective receptor initiates signal transduction cascades, eliciting different responses.