Neisseria meningitidis: an overview of the carriage state
... PorA protein can be stable during chronic carriage of N. meningitidis (Jones et al., 1998), but other researchers have found that serotype and serosubtype of the meningococcal strains changed during the carriage period (Ala’Aldeen et al., 2000). In the latter study which aimed to identify the sequen ...
... PorA protein can be stable during chronic carriage of N. meningitidis (Jones et al., 1998), but other researchers have found that serotype and serosubtype of the meningococcal strains changed during the carriage period (Ala’Aldeen et al., 2000). In the latter study which aimed to identify the sequen ...
Polyploidy
... – the population of haploid organisms is then screened for favorable traits, – the plants are then treated with colchicine which generates a 2n plant homozygous for the ...
... – the population of haploid organisms is then screened for favorable traits, – the plants are then treated with colchicine which generates a 2n plant homozygous for the ...
The roles of the Drosophila JAK/STAT pathway
... presence of a highly conserved 40-amino acid Cterminal SOCS domain preceded by an SH2 domain (Nicholson et al., 1999). Studies indicate that SOCS proteins can inhibit cytokine signaling either directly by inhibition of JAKs or indirectly by competition with STAT for a phospho-tyrosine binding site o ...
... presence of a highly conserved 40-amino acid Cterminal SOCS domain preceded by an SH2 domain (Nicholson et al., 1999). Studies indicate that SOCS proteins can inhibit cytokine signaling either directly by inhibition of JAKs or indirectly by competition with STAT for a phospho-tyrosine binding site o ...
About Neurofibromatosis 1 - Children`s Tumor Foundation
... person to another. At present, there is no way to predict how serious a case of NF1 an individual will have. The severity ranges from very mild cases in which the only signs of the disorder in adulthood may be multiple café-au-lait spots and a few dermal neurofibromas, to more severe cases in which ...
... person to another. At present, there is no way to predict how serious a case of NF1 an individual will have. The severity ranges from very mild cases in which the only signs of the disorder in adulthood may be multiple café-au-lait spots and a few dermal neurofibromas, to more severe cases in which ...
The Influence of Anticodon–Codon Interactions and Modified Bases
... occurs in some mitochondria. Therefore, our figure 1c includes all these cases. This means that more than one tRNA can translate most codons, and the total rate of translation of each codon is dependent on the sum of the rates at which all tRNA types translate the codon. This is an important part of ...
... occurs in some mitochondria. Therefore, our figure 1c includes all these cases. This means that more than one tRNA can translate most codons, and the total rate of translation of each codon is dependent on the sum of the rates at which all tRNA types translate the codon. This is an important part of ...
NON-RADIOACTIVE ASSAY FOR ACETYL-CoA
... But whereas the citrate synthase reaction in the pyruvate carboxylase assay contains excess acetylCoA and measures how much oxaloacetate was produced in the first reaction, the citrate synthase reaction for this assay contains excess oxaloacetate and measures how much acetyl-CoA was consumed in the ...
... But whereas the citrate synthase reaction in the pyruvate carboxylase assay contains excess acetylCoA and measures how much oxaloacetate was produced in the first reaction, the citrate synthase reaction for this assay contains excess oxaloacetate and measures how much acetyl-CoA was consumed in the ...
The Genera Staphylococcus and Macrococcus
... (Roseville, Australia), is distributed by International Bioproducts, Inc. (Redmond, WA, USA), and an RPLA is available from Oxoid (Columbia, MD, USA). Molecular methods are being investigated for their usefulness in detecting staphylococcal enterotoxin. For example, Western immunoblotting has been u ...
... (Roseville, Australia), is distributed by International Bioproducts, Inc. (Redmond, WA, USA), and an RPLA is available from Oxoid (Columbia, MD, USA). Molecular methods are being investigated for their usefulness in detecting staphylococcal enterotoxin. For example, Western immunoblotting has been u ...
Selective Disruption of Aurora C Kinase Reveals Distinct Functions
... generating cells with the proper number of chromosomes. In germ cells, sperm and egg, an abnormal chromosome number leads to infertility, miscarriage, or, in the case of a live birth, developmental disorders such as Down Syndrome. For reasons not entirely clear, eggs are more prone to chromosome seg ...
... generating cells with the proper number of chromosomes. In germ cells, sperm and egg, an abnormal chromosome number leads to infertility, miscarriage, or, in the case of a live birth, developmental disorders such as Down Syndrome. For reasons not entirely clear, eggs are more prone to chromosome seg ...
The virulence plasmids of Salmonella
... orf9, rck, and orf11 are regulated by a chromosomal gene homologous to sdiA of E. coli, and renamed these ORFs srgA, srgB, and srgC (sdiA-regulated genes). In E. coli, SdiA is a quorum sensor, but the role of its homolog in S. typhimurium has not been established. In both E. coli and S. typhimurium, ...
... orf9, rck, and orf11 are regulated by a chromosomal gene homologous to sdiA of E. coli, and renamed these ORFs srgA, srgB, and srgC (sdiA-regulated genes). In E. coli, SdiA is a quorum sensor, but the role of its homolog in S. typhimurium has not been established. In both E. coli and S. typhimurium, ...
papain, a plant enzyme of biological importance
... 2009). Catalytic activity of papain involves hydrolysis of proteins with broad specificity for peptide bonds, but preference for an amino acid bearing a large hydrophobic side chain at the P2 position while does not accept Val in P1 (Kamphuis et al., 1985). The enzyme has been reported to be general ...
... 2009). Catalytic activity of papain involves hydrolysis of proteins with broad specificity for peptide bonds, but preference for an amino acid bearing a large hydrophobic side chain at the P2 position while does not accept Val in P1 (Kamphuis et al., 1985). The enzyme has been reported to be general ...
Article The Evolution of Momordica Cyclic Peptides
... peptides, that is, MCoTI-II and MCoTI-IV (hereafter, we remove the MCo prefix because some of the peptides are also present in other Momordica species and use an Arabic numeral for simplicity, e.g., MCoTI-II becomes TI-2), have been reported (Hernandez et al. 2000; Mylne et al. 2012) whereas the oth ...
... peptides, that is, MCoTI-II and MCoTI-IV (hereafter, we remove the MCo prefix because some of the peptides are also present in other Momordica species and use an Arabic numeral for simplicity, e.g., MCoTI-II becomes TI-2), have been reported (Hernandez et al. 2000; Mylne et al. 2012) whereas the oth ...
Metabolism and functions of gamma-aminobutyric acid
... These results also support the hypothesis that GABA synthesis in response to H1 is a pH-regulating mechanism. Thus, both in vitro and in vivo data indicate that a reduced cytosolic pH stimulates GAD activity and GABA accumulation (Fig. 2). It is unlikely that the numerous environmental factors that ...
... These results also support the hypothesis that GABA synthesis in response to H1 is a pH-regulating mechanism. Thus, both in vitro and in vivo data indicate that a reduced cytosolic pH stimulates GAD activity and GABA accumulation (Fig. 2). It is unlikely that the numerous environmental factors that ...
Functional characterization of the Mycobacterium
... Protein phosphorylation in response to environmental changes is a common mechanism of adaptation in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. In prokaryotes, the primary signal transduction mechanism relies on a two-component system consisting of a histidine kinase and a response regulator. The histidine kin ...
... Protein phosphorylation in response to environmental changes is a common mechanism of adaptation in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. In prokaryotes, the primary signal transduction mechanism relies on a two-component system consisting of a histidine kinase and a response regulator. The histidine kin ...
The semi-phosphorylative Entner–Doudoroff pathway in
... filtration; 840 µg of S. solfataricus protein after heat precipitation; total volume, 1 ml) was assayed in the presence of 10 mM gluconate and galactonate. The absorbance was followed at 549 nm (molar absorption coefficient εchromophore = 67.8 × 103 M−1 · cm−1 ) [29,30]. Galactonate (10 mM) was prep ...
... filtration; 840 µg of S. solfataricus protein after heat precipitation; total volume, 1 ml) was assayed in the presence of 10 mM gluconate and galactonate. The absorbance was followed at 549 nm (molar absorption coefficient εchromophore = 67.8 × 103 M−1 · cm−1 ) [29,30]. Galactonate (10 mM) was prep ...
THE MULTIFARIOUS AND DYNAMIC REGULATION OF THE LIVING CELL Karen van Eunen
... ribosome or with associated initiation factors, thus influencing the recognition of the translation-initiation region by the ribosome complex [184]. In addition, regulatory factors may bind to untranslated regions (UTRs) of the mRNA and thereby change the translation rate. Such regulatory factors ar ...
... ribosome or with associated initiation factors, thus influencing the recognition of the translation-initiation region by the ribosome complex [184]. In addition, regulatory factors may bind to untranslated regions (UTRs) of the mRNA and thereby change the translation rate. Such regulatory factors ar ...
Functional Characterization of Nine Norway
... inclusion of these TPS into the TPS-d subfamily revealed that functional specialization of conifer TPS occurred before speciation of Pinaceae. Furthermore, based on TPS enclaves created by distinct branching patterns, the TPS-d subfamily is divided into three groups according to sequence similaritie ...
... inclusion of these TPS into the TPS-d subfamily revealed that functional specialization of conifer TPS occurred before speciation of Pinaceae. Furthermore, based on TPS enclaves created by distinct branching patterns, the TPS-d subfamily is divided into three groups according to sequence similaritie ...
The Homothorax homeoprotein activates the nuclear localization of
... exd has other roles in addition to its homeotic cofactor function. exd mutant clones caused ectopic eye formation in the ventral head, ventral to dorsal transformation in the imaginal abdomen, affected bristle patterning in the thorax and wing, and affected the proximal leg development (Gonzalez-Cre ...
... exd has other roles in addition to its homeotic cofactor function. exd mutant clones caused ectopic eye formation in the ventral head, ventral to dorsal transformation in the imaginal abdomen, affected bristle patterning in the thorax and wing, and affected the proximal leg development (Gonzalez-Cre ...
Unusual ADP-forming acetyl-coenzyme A synthetases from the
... putatively encoding the a and b subunits of ACD were identified by BLAST search using the amino acid sequences of the a and b subunits of the ACD isoenzyme I from P. furiosus. The ORFs PAE3250 and PAE3249, designated acdA and acdB, respectively, were amplified by PCR. The PCR product of acdA was clone ...
... putatively encoding the a and b subunits of ACD were identified by BLAST search using the amino acid sequences of the a and b subunits of the ACD isoenzyme I from P. furiosus. The ORFs PAE3250 and PAE3249, designated acdA and acdB, respectively, were amplified by PCR. The PCR product of acdA was clone ...
Cholesterol Homeostasis - Sigma
... Browse for lipids in cell signaling using our interactive pathway charts. Discover everything researchers need for lipid research at sigma.com/lipids. ...
... Browse for lipids in cell signaling using our interactive pathway charts. Discover everything researchers need for lipid research at sigma.com/lipids. ...
34386 - PubAg
... Cortesia marginiventris, a parasitic wasp that attacks larvae of several species of Lepidoptera. Two elicitors have been identified in the oral secretions of insect herbivores that trigger the production of volatiles. Mattiacci et al. (8) found that a -glucosidase in Pieris brassicae caterpillars e ...
... Cortesia marginiventris, a parasitic wasp that attacks larvae of several species of Lepidoptera. Two elicitors have been identified in the oral secretions of insect herbivores that trigger the production of volatiles. Mattiacci et al. (8) found that a -glucosidase in Pieris brassicae caterpillars e ...
Genetics fill in review
... 39. In certain bacteria, the gene that codes for the production of the enzyme that digests lactose is switched on in the presence of lactose. In this case, molecules of lactose act as ____________________. 40. Nucleotide segments of a DNA molecule that make up genes and are actually expressed in the ...
... 39. In certain bacteria, the gene that codes for the production of the enzyme that digests lactose is switched on in the presence of lactose. In this case, molecules of lactose act as ____________________. 40. Nucleotide segments of a DNA molecule that make up genes and are actually expressed in the ...
The Role of Carbohydrate Response Element Binding Protein in
... the liver. ChREBP target genes are involved in glycolysis (Glut2, liver pyruvate kinase), fructolysis (Glut5, ketohexokinase), and lipogenesis (acetyl CoA carboxylase, fatty acid synthase). ChREBP gene deletion protects against high sucrose diet-induced and leptin-deficient obesity, because Chrebp−/ ...
... the liver. ChREBP target genes are involved in glycolysis (Glut2, liver pyruvate kinase), fructolysis (Glut5, ketohexokinase), and lipogenesis (acetyl CoA carboxylase, fatty acid synthase). ChREBP gene deletion protects against high sucrose diet-induced and leptin-deficient obesity, because Chrebp−/ ...
Point mutation
A point mutation, or single base modification, is a type of mutation that causes a single nucleotide base change, insertion, or deletion of the genetic material, DNA or RNA. The term frameshift mutation indicates the addition or deletion of a base pair. A point mutant is an individual that is affected by a point mutation.Repeat induced point mutations are recurring point mutations, discussed below.