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HIV
HIV

... • During the reproduction cycle of HIV a specific protease is needed to process the polyproteins into mature HIV components. • If protease is missing non-infectious HIV is produced. • HIV protease inhibitors are specific to HIV protease because it differs significantly from human protease. • The 6 P ...
Inconvenient Truths about neural processing in primary motor cortex
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... traditional hierarchical view on sensory systems “from  simple to complex”.  • Results of Georgopolous et al: Neurons are broadly  tuned to the direction of hand movement. The  direction of movement can be predicted by the  “population vector method”. The hypothesis is thus that M1 is one stage of s ...
The Role of Specialized Intelligent Body
The Role of Specialized Intelligent Body

... the ”cognitive cortex” – the portions of the brain dealing with self-reflection and abstract thought. But the cognitive cortex does its work in close coordination with the body’s various more specialized intelligent subsystems, including those associated with the gut, the heart, the liver, the immun ...
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Lecture #1 - University of Utah
Lecture #1 - University of Utah

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... the size of the tail representation area of the primary somatosensory cortex (SI) of the rat. Using a half-maximal evoked potential method and multiunit recording method, we estimated that the SI tail area was 0.51 and 0.78 mm2, respectively. A dissector method was used to estimate the neuronal dens ...
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... newly made clotting factors from the liver, therefore the already activated clotting factors won't reflect the effect of warfarin. So we have to wait for them to die and be eliminated from the body. After that we can see warfarin's effect on the new clotting factors. That's why it has a delayed onse ...
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Neuropsychopharmacology

Neuropsychopharmacology, an interdisciplinary science related to psychopharmacology (how drugs affect the mind) and fundamental neuroscience, is the study of the neural mechanisms that drugs act upon to influence behavior. It entails research of mechanisms of neuropathology, pharmacodynamics (drug action), psychiatric illness, and states of consciousness. These studies are instigated at the detailed level involving neurotransmission/receptor activity, bio-chemical processes, and neural circuitry. Neuropsychopharmacology supersedes psychopharmacology in the areas of ""how"" and ""why"", and additionally addresses other issues of brain function. Accordingly, the clinical aspect of the field includes psychiatric (psychoactive) as well as neurologic (non-psychoactive) pharmacology-based treatments.Developments in neuropsychopharmacology may directly impact the studies of anxiety disorders, affective disorders, psychotic disorders, degenerative disorders, eating behavior, and sleep behavior.The way fundamental processes of the brain are being discovered is creating a field on par with other “hard sciences” such as chemistry, biology, and physics, so that eventually it may be possible to repair mental illness with ultimate precision. An analogy can be drawn between the brain and an electronic device: neuropsychopharmacology is tantamount to revealing not only the schematic diagram, but the individual components, and every principle of their operation. The bank of amassed detail and complexity involved is huge; mere samples of some of the details are given in this article.
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