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Toxicokinetics and analytical toxicology of amphetamine
Toxicokinetics and analytical toxicology of amphetamine

... detectable. To check whether this effect was due to the instability of the catechols, we incubated the drugs with both, microsomes and cytosol plus S-adenosyl-methionine. Thus, the catechols could be stabilized in statu nascendi by catechol-Omethyl-transferase (COMT) catalyzed methylation. Using thi ...
antifungal
antifungal

... systemic infection affect deeper tissue , organs and might affect the blood. 1-For superficial infection have two subgroups : Dermatomycoses and candidiasis. Dermatomycoses affect skin ,hair, nail and caused by dermatophytes. These called tenia or ring worms. ...
1285174151_463961
1285174151_463961

... The 12 Cranial Nerves and Their Functions (cont’d.) • (IX) Glossopharyngeal: swallowing, taste, salivary glands • (X) Vagus: certain muscle movements, sensory impulses • (XI) Accessory: swallowing, head movement • (XII) Hypoglossal: swallowing, speech ...
Drug Groupings and Workflow Options for the Processing and Review of Concomitant Medication Data
Drug Groupings and Workflow Options for the Processing and Review of Concomitant Medication Data

... Figure 3 Examples for selected search conditions within various drug groupings ...
The Endocrine System
The Endocrine System

... = the division of the peripheral nervous system that controls the body’s skeletal muscles. It allows for the voluntary control of our muscles. • Also called the skeletal nervous system. • Walking, running, and jumping- You are ...
University High School - Paw Paw Public Schools
University High School - Paw Paw Public Schools

...  Tabula rasa: the person you are today is because of things that have happened to you The Dawn of Psychology  William Wundt: o Wundt set up first psychology lab and more interested in mental processes than behavior, and founder of structionalism.  Structionalism: o The psychology of the “is.” Vie ...
Observable behavior
Observable behavior

...  Tabula rasa: the person you are today is because of things that have happened to you The Dawn of Psychology  William Wundt: o Wundt set up first psychology lab and more interested in mental processes than behavior, and founder of structionalism.  Structionalism: o The psychology of the “is.” Vie ...
THE TELL-TALE BRAIN:
THE TELL-TALE BRAIN:

... feels like it is moving—sometimes for the first time in years. In many patients this exercise relieves the phantom cramp and associated pain. In clinical trials, mirror visual feedback has also been shown to be more effective than conventional treatments for chronic regional pain syndrome and paraly ...
LIGAND-TARGETED THERAPEUTICS IN ANTICANCER THERAPY
LIGAND-TARGETED THERAPEUTICS IN ANTICANCER THERAPY

... against antigen-negative (that is, non-target) cells by nonspecific mechanisms — sometimes termed the ‘BYSTANDER EFFECT ’ (FIG. 1) — then some degree of antigen heterogeneity might be tolerated. The antigen or receptor should also not be shed or downregulated. Circulating shed antigen will compete w ...
B-lactam antibiotics
B-lactam antibiotics

... • Broad-spectrum antibiotics are active against several types of microorganism ( tetracyclines are active against G-rods, mycoplasmas). • Bacteriostatic drug inhibits their growth but does not kill them. • Bacteriostatic antibiotics are dependent on the host ‘s defense • A bactericidal drug kills ba ...
formulation and delivery strategies
formulation and delivery strategies

... of polymer degradation has an important role in the mechanism and rate of release of the drug from microspheres. In addition, diffusion of the protein through the biological fluid surrounding the microsphere is dependent on the size of the protein, and this will affect the rate of absorption after r ...
Psychotherapeutic Drugs Antipsychotics
Psychotherapeutic Drugs Antipsychotics

... Conventional antipsychotics primarily block all dopamine receptors as well as cholinergic, norepinephrine, and histamine receptors. Atypical antipsychotics are more specific for dopamine2 receptors, serotonin, and norepinephrine receptors which results in improved efficacy and lower incidence of adv ...
PAIN AND OPIOID ANALGESICS
PAIN AND OPIOID ANALGESICS

... except: A)  – analgesia and respiratory depression; B) k – analgesia and dysphoria; C)  – miosis and physical dependence; D)  - euphoria and reduced GIT motility. 2. Which of the following analgesics are strong opioid receptor agonists? A) Morphine; B) Pethidine; C) Buprenorphine; D) Fentanyl. 3. ...
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Asthma

... • No studies of interactions between zafirlukast and other CYP2C9 or CYP3A4 drugs (dihydropyridine Ca channel blkrs, cyclosporine, astemizole, etc.), but clearly best to avoid. • Reasonable to use therapeutic drug monitoring as appropriate…. ...
Drug use in renal and hepatic disorders.
Drug use in renal and hepatic disorders.

... ECF ( ascites, edema) & ↓↓ muscle mass. •↓↓ plasma protein binding due to impaired albumin production or drug displacement from accumulated substance normally cleared by the liver •↑ Bio avail through ↓↓ first pass metabolism •↓↓ Bioavailability due to malabsorption of fats in cholestatic liver dise ...
Complex Cell-like Direction Selectivity through Spike
Complex Cell-like Direction Selectivity through Spike

... the outputs of simple cells. First, there exists evidence for direct LGN input to cornpiex cells without an antecedent simple cell stage [5-81. In addition, several anatomical studies have suggested a lack of direct monosynaptic connections from simple to complex cells as postulated by the hierarchi ...
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... Presumably, destabilization selectively separates some raft components from each other and permits others to interact. The GSI + Qa has its primary effect on raft domains that contain the Notch-1 inhibitor of dendritic growth and not on F-secretase substrates such as ErbB-4 and EphA4 that simulate d ...
Aspirin
Aspirin

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B. Anticancer agents

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Drug Elimination
Drug Elimination

... ECF ( ascites, edema) &  muscle mass. • plasma protein binding due to impaired albumin production or drug displacement from accumulated substance normally cleared by the liver • Bio avail through  first pass metabolism • Bioavailability due to malabsorption of fats in cholestatic liver dise ...
Combination Therapy of HIV Infection
Combination Therapy of HIV Infection

... apparently sensitive viruses. All nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) require activation to their triphosphate forms, which are the actual inhibitors of RT. Phosphorylation of thymidine analogues such as zidovudine (AZT; ZVD) and stavudine (D4T) is much more efficient in activated ce ...
Cardiovascular Toxicity of Common Chemotherapy Drugs Used to
Cardiovascular Toxicity of Common Chemotherapy Drugs Used to

... able to prolong survival enough to begin thinking of breast cancer as a chronic disease. This means that when treating these patients, we must constantly keep in mind both the short- and long-term implications of our treatment strategies and choices. Factors that increase the risk of developing card ...
Brand-Name vs Generic Finasteride Jan-Feb 2016
Brand-Name vs Generic Finasteride Jan-Feb 2016

... is the central ingredient. The second is known as the excipient, which is the inactive substance that serves as the vehicle for the API itself. If the drug is in a syrup form, then the excipient is the liquid that has been used to make it as such.² APIs are commonly referred to as “bulk pharmaceutic ...
Mapping synaptic pathology within cerebral cortical circuits in
Mapping synaptic pathology within cerebral cortical circuits in

... Primary auditory cortex offers another example of a cortical region in which convergent evidence implicates synaptic disruptions in the pathology of schizophrenia. In subjects with schizophrenia, the processing of sensory information within AI is impaired, manifest as the reduced ability to discrimi ...
Tissue Imaging of Pharmaceuticals by Ion Mobility Mass
Tissue Imaging of Pharmaceuticals by Ion Mobility Mass

... within the hilus region may also contribute to the higher drug concentrations. The renal artery carries blood into the kidney where it is filtered and then exits through the renal vein. ...
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Neuropsychopharmacology

Neuropsychopharmacology, an interdisciplinary science related to psychopharmacology (how drugs affect the mind) and fundamental neuroscience, is the study of the neural mechanisms that drugs act upon to influence behavior. It entails research of mechanisms of neuropathology, pharmacodynamics (drug action), psychiatric illness, and states of consciousness. These studies are instigated at the detailed level involving neurotransmission/receptor activity, bio-chemical processes, and neural circuitry. Neuropsychopharmacology supersedes psychopharmacology in the areas of ""how"" and ""why"", and additionally addresses other issues of brain function. Accordingly, the clinical aspect of the field includes psychiatric (psychoactive) as well as neurologic (non-psychoactive) pharmacology-based treatments.Developments in neuropsychopharmacology may directly impact the studies of anxiety disorders, affective disorders, psychotic disorders, degenerative disorders, eating behavior, and sleep behavior.The way fundamental processes of the brain are being discovered is creating a field on par with other “hard sciences” such as chemistry, biology, and physics, so that eventually it may be possible to repair mental illness with ultimate precision. An analogy can be drawn between the brain and an electronic device: neuropsychopharmacology is tantamount to revealing not only the schematic diagram, but the individual components, and every principle of their operation. The bank of amassed detail and complexity involved is huge; mere samples of some of the details are given in this article.
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