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... has been proposed as “emergent properties” of columnar organization (Markram, 2008), and is included in the idea of “cortical cloud” of local synaptic connectivity (Horton and Adams, 2005). In this brief review, I have selected five points toward a critical re-evaluation of columnar organization. In ...
... has been proposed as “emergent properties” of columnar organization (Markram, 2008), and is included in the idea of “cortical cloud” of local synaptic connectivity (Horton and Adams, 2005). In this brief review, I have selected five points toward a critical re-evaluation of columnar organization. In ...
An Unusual Etiology for NeurodevelopmentalDelay and Epilepsy
... ipsilateral cortical association tracts. It is a nonspecific finding and it can be associated with agenesis of the corpus callosum, Chiari malformation, lissencephaly and microcephaly. The cause maybe a disorder in neuronal migration during early brain development, perinatal injuries or other centra ...
... ipsilateral cortical association tracts. It is a nonspecific finding and it can be associated with agenesis of the corpus callosum, Chiari malformation, lissencephaly and microcephaly. The cause maybe a disorder in neuronal migration during early brain development, perinatal injuries or other centra ...
Cannabis Use and the Adolescent Brain
... Research suggests there are individual differences in adolescent vulnerability to the long-term negative effects of cannabis use7. The factors mediating this vulnerability remain largely unknown, however, studies have pointed to early life trauma33 and genes27 as playing an important role. For insta ...
... Research suggests there are individual differences in adolescent vulnerability to the long-term negative effects of cannabis use7. The factors mediating this vulnerability remain largely unknown, however, studies have pointed to early life trauma33 and genes27 as playing an important role. For insta ...
5 Neurochemistry of the Gustatory System
... express BDNF (Yee et al., 2003) and/or the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM; Nelson and Finger, 1993; Smith et al., 1993; Yee et al., 2001), either of which could play a role in nerve terminal growth and/or synaptogenesis, but there are no experimental data to support this idea. Nothing is really ...
... express BDNF (Yee et al., 2003) and/or the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM; Nelson and Finger, 1993; Smith et al., 1993; Yee et al., 2001), either of which could play a role in nerve terminal growth and/or synaptogenesis, but there are no experimental data to support this idea. Nothing is really ...
Clinical Discussion of Special Populations - M
... • Estrogen levels may play a role in altered drug pharmacokinetics in women by affecting gastric emptying (i.e., change drug transit time between non-pregnant women, throughout pregnancy, and at menopause). • Women tend to have a lower body weight, higher percentage body fat, and lower plasma volume ...
... • Estrogen levels may play a role in altered drug pharmacokinetics in women by affecting gastric emptying (i.e., change drug transit time between non-pregnant women, throughout pregnancy, and at menopause). • Women tend to have a lower body weight, higher percentage body fat, and lower plasma volume ...
screening for adverse drug interactions in dermatology patients
... hospitalized in the Clinic of Dermatology and Venereology at the University Hospital in Stara Zagora using available electronic resources, and identify the factors associated with their occurrence. PATIENTS AND METHODS. All consecutive inpatients admitted to the Clinic for the period March-September ...
... hospitalized in the Clinic of Dermatology and Venereology at the University Hospital in Stara Zagora using available electronic resources, and identify the factors associated with their occurrence. PATIENTS AND METHODS. All consecutive inpatients admitted to the Clinic for the period March-September ...
STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF VISUAL AREA MT
... Of the inputs directly from V1, those from layer 4B predominate, at least numerically. After injections of retrograde tracers into macaque MT, more than 90% of the labeled V1 neurons are found in layer 4B; the remaining are found in the large cells of Meynert near the boundary of layers 5 and 6 (Tig ...
... Of the inputs directly from V1, those from layer 4B predominate, at least numerically. After injections of retrograde tracers into macaque MT, more than 90% of the labeled V1 neurons are found in layer 4B; the remaining are found in the large cells of Meynert near the boundary of layers 5 and 6 (Tig ...
A multi-level account of selective attention
... between the competing models. While studies on dichotic listening remained prominent (e.g. Corteen and Wook 1972), many researchers turned to investigating early and late selection in the visual domain. The prototypical approach was to infer the locus of selection based on behavioural measures such ...
... between the competing models. While studies on dichotic listening remained prominent (e.g. Corteen and Wook 1972), many researchers turned to investigating early and late selection in the visual domain. The prototypical approach was to infer the locus of selection based on behavioural measures such ...
The mirror mechanism and its potential role in autism
... ous studies have suggested a higher level of abstraction in humans. For example, the mirror mechanism presents a rough somatotropic organization both in monkey and humans,22,23 but unlike macaque monkeys, the observation of intransitive meaningless movements24–27 and pantomimes22,28,29 seem to activ ...
... ous studies have suggested a higher level of abstraction in humans. For example, the mirror mechanism presents a rough somatotropic organization both in monkey and humans,22,23 but unlike macaque monkeys, the observation of intransitive meaningless movements24–27 and pantomimes22,28,29 seem to activ ...
R.G.C.C.-RESEARCH GENETIC CANCER CENTRE LTD
... • We isolated the malignant cells using Oncoquick with a membrane that isolates malignant cells from normal cells after centrifugation and positive selection using anti-EpCam and negative selection using antiCD45 particles (isolated __cells/__ml, SD +/- 0.3cells). • Then we developed cell cultures i ...
... • We isolated the malignant cells using Oncoquick with a membrane that isolates malignant cells from normal cells after centrifugation and positive selection using anti-EpCam and negative selection using antiCD45 particles (isolated __cells/__ml, SD +/- 0.3cells). • Then we developed cell cultures i ...
Search algorithms as a framework for the optimization of drug
... combinations might be justified [1]. If we were to study all combinations of 6 out of 100 compounds (including partial combinations containing only some of these compounds) at 3 different doses we would have 8.9 x 1011 possibilities. This example shows that the problem requires a qualitatively new a ...
... combinations might be justified [1]. If we were to study all combinations of 6 out of 100 compounds (including partial combinations containing only some of these compounds) at 3 different doses we would have 8.9 x 1011 possibilities. This example shows that the problem requires a qualitatively new a ...
Effects of IV and ICV Hypocretin-1 (Orexin A)
... manifests itself as sudden loss of muscle tone in response to strong emotional stimuli.1 Current treatments include amphetamine-like stimulants (monoamine release enhancers) or modafinil for excessive daytime sleepiness and antidepressants (monoaminergic uptake inhibitors) for cataplexy and REM slee ...
... manifests itself as sudden loss of muscle tone in response to strong emotional stimuli.1 Current treatments include amphetamine-like stimulants (monoamine release enhancers) or modafinil for excessive daytime sleepiness and antidepressants (monoaminergic uptake inhibitors) for cataplexy and REM slee ...
Physiological Mechanisms of Sleep and Waking
... A neurological disorder in which the person does not become paralyzed during REM sleep and thus acts out dreams. Like narcolepsy, REM sleep behavior disorder appears to be a neurodegenerative disorder with at least some genetic component (Schenck et al., 1993). It is often associated with better-kno ...
... A neurological disorder in which the person does not become paralyzed during REM sleep and thus acts out dreams. Like narcolepsy, REM sleep behavior disorder appears to be a neurodegenerative disorder with at least some genetic component (Schenck et al., 1993). It is often associated with better-kno ...
The Leading Provider of Advanced Neurostimulation
... time varying magnetic fields to induce small currents in nerve tissue. These are able to stimulate the human cortex, spinal roots and peripheral nerves. Depending on the application a variety of output waveforms may be used to excite or inhibit nerve response. These pulses can be either monophasic o ...
... time varying magnetic fields to induce small currents in nerve tissue. These are able to stimulate the human cortex, spinal roots and peripheral nerves. Depending on the application a variety of output waveforms may be used to excite or inhibit nerve response. These pulses can be either monophasic o ...
ORODENTAL DELIVERY SYSTEMS: AN OVERVIEW Review Article NEHA M. MUNOT
... claimed to be as high as ≈50 MDa. It serves as an effective delivery vehicle by acting as a lubricant allowing cells to move relative to one another and is believed to play a major role in adhesion of mucoadhesive drug delivery systems. Pendant sialic acid (pKa = 2.6) and sulphate groups located on ...
... claimed to be as high as ≈50 MDa. It serves as an effective delivery vehicle by acting as a lubricant allowing cells to move relative to one another and is believed to play a major role in adhesion of mucoadhesive drug delivery systems. Pendant sialic acid (pKa = 2.6) and sulphate groups located on ...
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... cortex and thalamus. The slow oscillation ( < 1 Hz), consisting of periodic sequences of prolonged hyperpolarizations and depolarizations, was postulated to arise as an emergent property of neocortical networks, because it survived extensive thalamic lesions (Steriade et al. 1993~) and its long-rang ...
... cortex and thalamus. The slow oscillation ( < 1 Hz), consisting of periodic sequences of prolonged hyperpolarizations and depolarizations, was postulated to arise as an emergent property of neocortical networks, because it survived extensive thalamic lesions (Steriade et al. 1993~) and its long-rang ...
Transgenic Mice for Intersectional Targeting of Neural Sensors and
... (Zeng et al., 2008), which supports repeated targeting. By introducing a tTA-based transcriptional amplification approach to the TIGRE locus, all reporter lines doubly regulated by Cre and tTA drove robust expression of sensors and effectors at levels substantially higher than those in comparable Ro ...
... (Zeng et al., 2008), which supports repeated targeting. By introducing a tTA-based transcriptional amplification approach to the TIGRE locus, all reporter lines doubly regulated by Cre and tTA drove robust expression of sensors and effectors at levels substantially higher than those in comparable Ro ...
The Role of the Terminal Nerve and GnRH in Olfactory System
... plays an important role in translating environmental chemical information into electrical signals that can be recognized accurately. In this system, odorant information is first received by olfactory receptor neurons in the olfactory epithelium. Olfactory bulbar neural circuits then process this inf ...
... plays an important role in translating environmental chemical information into electrical signals that can be recognized accurately. In this system, odorant information is first received by olfactory receptor neurons in the olfactory epithelium. Olfactory bulbar neural circuits then process this inf ...
Implications of Polychronous Neuronal Groups for the Nature of Mental Representations
... will remain silent. Thus, the effects of spikes from neurons a, b, and c on the firing of neurons x and y is critically dependent on the timing of the spikes. In larger, more connected, networks, like those found in mammalian brains, a particular stimulus will cause a chain reaction of spikes over t ...
... will remain silent. Thus, the effects of spikes from neurons a, b, and c on the firing of neurons x and y is critically dependent on the timing of the spikes. In larger, more connected, networks, like those found in mammalian brains, a particular stimulus will cause a chain reaction of spikes over t ...
16-2 The Sympathetic Division
... 16-2 The Sympathetic Division • Organization and Anatomy of the Sympathetic Division • Ventral roots of spinal segments T1–L2 contain sympathetic preganglionic fibers • Carry myelinated preganglionic fibers into sympathetic chain ganglion • May synapse at collateral ganglia or in adrenal ...
... 16-2 The Sympathetic Division • Organization and Anatomy of the Sympathetic Division • Ventral roots of spinal segments T1–L2 contain sympathetic preganglionic fibers • Carry myelinated preganglionic fibers into sympathetic chain ganglion • May synapse at collateral ganglia or in adrenal ...
Document
... previous studies, and also to distinguish between random variation in making up solutions and systematic errors in calculation. We previously used acetylcysteine infusion, used to treat paracetamol poisoning.2 We now examine carboplatin, used to treat cancer. Acetylcysteine bags are made up on the w ...
... previous studies, and also to distinguish between random variation in making up solutions and systematic errors in calculation. We previously used acetylcysteine infusion, used to treat paracetamol poisoning.2 We now examine carboplatin, used to treat cancer. Acetylcysteine bags are made up on the w ...
Spatiotemporal Properties of Eye Position Signals
... properties will be compared with the activity of the other 132 saccade-related neurons recorded from the same animals. Figure 2 plots locations of both types of neurons for 3 hemispheres of 2 monkeys. Most of saccade-related neurons were located in the paralaminar regions of the ventrolateral (VL) a ...
... properties will be compared with the activity of the other 132 saccade-related neurons recorded from the same animals. Figure 2 plots locations of both types of neurons for 3 hemispheres of 2 monkeys. Most of saccade-related neurons were located in the paralaminar regions of the ventrolateral (VL) a ...
Inferring a dual-stream model of mentalizing from associative white
... for basic cognitive processes is never surgically removed, despite lesion invasion (Ius et al., 2011). Consequently, analysis of patients with diffuse low-grade glioma constitutes a unique opportunity to gain a better understanding of the functional counterpart of surgical excisions (at the cortical ...
... for basic cognitive processes is never surgically removed, despite lesion invasion (Ius et al., 2011). Consequently, analysis of patients with diffuse low-grade glioma constitutes a unique opportunity to gain a better understanding of the functional counterpart of surgical excisions (at the cortical ...
Anticancer Drug Discovery — From Serendipity to
... evidence of cancer dates back to several million years ago and has been found in fossilized remains (bones) of a dinosaur in Wyoming. The oldest specimens of cancer, a hominid malignant tumour (probably Burkitt's lymphoma) and bone cancer - were found in the remains of a body of either Homo erectus ...
... evidence of cancer dates back to several million years ago and has been found in fossilized remains (bones) of a dinosaur in Wyoming. The oldest specimens of cancer, a hominid malignant tumour (probably Burkitt's lymphoma) and bone cancer - were found in the remains of a body of either Homo erectus ...
Traditional Chinese Medicines Wu Wei Zi (Schisandra chinensis
... John’s Wort can also affect the drug transporter multidrug resistance protein 1/P-glycoprotein (Dresser et al., 2003; Weber et al., 2004). Dan-Shen (Radix salviae Miltiorhizae), a TCM herb, has been shown to alter the pharmacokinetics of warfarin, a CYP2C substrate (Lo et al., 1992). In addition to ...
... John’s Wort can also affect the drug transporter multidrug resistance protein 1/P-glycoprotein (Dresser et al., 2003; Weber et al., 2004). Dan-Shen (Radix salviae Miltiorhizae), a TCM herb, has been shown to alter the pharmacokinetics of warfarin, a CYP2C substrate (Lo et al., 1992). In addition to ...