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Earths Evolution through Geological Time
Earths Evolution through Geological Time

... • Composed of North America, Europe, Siberia, and smaller crustal fragments ...
Grade 8 Science
Grade 8 Science

... solid surface. Eg. Gulf Stream current comes up to southern NL and then goes to Europe. (NL is in the way) ...
Continental Drift, sea floor spreading and plate tectonics PDF
Continental Drift, sea floor spreading and plate tectonics PDF

... In 1912, a German meteorologist came up with a theory that was similar to Francis Bacon’s. His name was Alfred Wegener. He called his theory, the “Theory of Continental Drift.” In this theory, he said that not just Africa and South America were once connected but, all the continents were once connec ...
Theory of Continental Drift
Theory of Continental Drift

... In 1912, a German meteorologist came up with a theory that was similar to Francis Bacon’s. His name was Alfred Wegener. He called his theory, the “Theory of Continental Drift.” In this theory, he said that not just Africa and South America were once connected but, all the continents were once connec ...
Ocean Topography
Ocean Topography

... Marine Protected Area (MPA) because of the rare corals found there & a resident population of approximately 280 Northern Bottlenose Whales. The natural gas pipeline goes right by it…problems? ...
2013年1月12日托福写作真题回忆
2013年1月12日托福写作真题回忆

... under the continents. Theoretically, this convection would carry the continental plates along as though they were on a conveyor belt (conveyor belt: n. 传送带) and would provide the forces needed to produce the split that occurs along the ridge. This view may be correct: it has the advantage that the c ...
1. Scientific evidence indicates that the concentration of oxygen in
1. Scientific evidence indicates that the concentration of oxygen in

... dramatically approximately 2 billion years ago. Which event most closely coincides with this change in Earth’s atmosphere? a. Mammals appeared on the land. b. Volcanic outgassing increased. c. Decay of organic matter increased. d. Photosynthetic organisms appeared. Answer D According to the dating t ...
NASC 1100
NASC 1100

... The continental coastal lines suggest that the continents may have been joined together in the past. The first detailed theory of continental drift, based on biological and geologic evidence, was proposed by Alfred Wegener in 1912. Wegener tried to explain the parallel evolution of animals and plant ...
NAME: DATE: PERIOD:
NAME: DATE: PERIOD:

... Earth’s core contains iron and nickel, making it a giant magnet. ...
(composed of the continental crust and oceanic crust).
(composed of the continental crust and oceanic crust).

... *See the Animation on Tectonic Plate Boundary Relationships found on WileyPLUS or your text’s website. ...
Powerpoint
Powerpoint

... Continental crust to continental crust ...
Unit Six Notes
Unit Six Notes

... The continents have shifted their position over geologic time ...
File - Science by Shaw
File - Science by Shaw

... the continuous body of water that surrounds Antarctica _________ Oceanographers often use this term to describe all the oceans together _________ smallest ocean basin _________ oceanic crust is made of this dark colored mineral _________ the outer most layer of the earth _________ a great cosmic exp ...
Crust
Crust

... › Continental Crust: solid & rocky outer layer › Oceanic Crust: thin & dense material ...
chapter 11 Dynamic Planet
chapter 11 Dynamic Planet

... – Striations and glacial deposits of the same age in the five southern ...
Powerpoint - Fort Bend ISD
Powerpoint - Fort Bend ISD

... • Magma comes up from inside the Earth, cools and hardens and creates new sea floor. • The rock at the mid-ocean ridge is the youngest and gets older as it moves farther away from the ridges. ...
Plate Tectonics Review
Plate Tectonics Review

... • What type of plate boundary is shown below. – A.) Subduction Zone answer is… – B.) Divergent Ocean Boundary – C.) Convergent Continental Boundary – D.) Divergent Continental Boundary ...
Plate Tectonics
Plate Tectonics

... evidence = the same fossils were found on different continents that would have been joined during Pangaea. Example = Mesosaurus (S. America and W. Africa) • Climate ...
Plate Tectonics
Plate Tectonics

... A couple of cinder cones and a lava flow in New Mexico •This type of volcanic cone is often found associated with other volcanoes, and commonly where plates have been completely subducted and the melted material is in its last gasps. ...
Continental Margins
Continental Margins

... these questions before human appetites and reckless exploitation forever destroy the deep seas’ undiscovered wonders. In Mysteries of the Deep , we join twenty scientists from four countries on an expedition to the Mariana Arc on the Pacific Ring of Fire. They want to map the deepest and the most dr ...
continental-drift-and-the-theory-of-plate-tectonics-fran-et-al
continental-drift-and-the-theory-of-plate-tectonics-fran-et-al

... The size of the earth was much smaller than it is today and so all continents were together as a single huge land mass (called Pangea) then and as earth continued grow in size all these continents looked like as if they are moving apart whereas they actually have just reached their current positions ...
Continental Drift Theory of Alfred Wegener
Continental Drift Theory of Alfred Wegener

... Niger delta, for instance, on west coast of Africa could not have been formed if Africa and south America were one. For a delta to be formed there, the two continents must be separated by 200 KM and it would take 50 million years for this process. 2. The various factors mentioned by Wegener, for the ...
Plate Tectonics I
Plate Tectonics I

... The Catskill Mountains of New York are part of the sedimentary apron that was created to the west of the Acadian Mountains. ...
Teaching for Deep and Enduring Understanding of the Development
Teaching for Deep and Enduring Understanding of the Development

... • The theory of plate tectonics was once a new idea; it is now widely accepted by most scientists because of the evidence that has been collected which supports it. • Continents are part of the earth’s plates; when the plates are moved the continents also move. • The intense heat of the earth’s core ...
Tapping Preconception
Tapping Preconception

... • The theory of plate tectonics was once a new idea; it is now widely accepted by most scientists because of the evidence that has been collected which supports it. • Continents are part of the earth’s plates; when the plates are moved the continents also move. • The intense heat of the earth’s core ...
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Geological history of Earth



The geological history of Earth follows the major events in Earth's past based on the geologic time scale, a system of chronological measurement based on the study of the planet's rock layers (stratigraphy). Earth formed about 4.54 billion years ago by accretion from the solar nebula, a disk-shaped mass of dust and gas left over from the formation of the Sun, which also created the rest of the Solar System.Earth was initially molten due to extreme volcanism and frequent collisions with other bodies. Eventually, the outer layer of the planet cooled to form a solid crust when water began accumulating in the atmosphere. The Moon formed soon afterwards, possibly as the result of a Mars-sized object with about 10% of the Earth's mass impacting the planet in a glancing blow. Some of this object's mass merged with the Earth, significantly altering its internal composition, and a portion was ejected into space. Some of the material survived to form an orbiting moon. Outgassing and volcanic activity produced the primordial atmosphere. Condensing water vapor, augmented by ice delivered from comets, produced the oceans.As the surface continually reshaped itself over hundreds of millions of years, continents formed and broke apart. They migrated across the surface, occasionally combining to form a supercontinent. Roughly 750 million years ago, the earliest-known supercontinent Rodinia, began to break apart. The continents later recombined to form Pannotia, 600 to 540 million years ago, then finally Pangaea, which broke apart 180 million years ago.The present pattern of ice ages began about 40 million years ago, then intensified at the end of the Pliocene. The polar regions have since undergone repeated cycles of glaciation and thaw, repeating every 40,000–100,000 years. The last glacial period of the current ice age ended about 10,000 years ago.
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