Exam IV 1710_1711 F'01.doc
... tRNA molecules carrying the "new" amino acid enter the "A" site first. ...
... tRNA molecules carrying the "new" amino acid enter the "A" site first. ...
Mutations
... that affects genetic information”. They can occur at the molecular level (genes) and change a single gene, or at the chromosome level and affect many genes. ...
... that affects genetic information”. They can occur at the molecular level (genes) and change a single gene, or at the chromosome level and affect many genes. ...
Biochem Quiz
... a) DNA, b) RNA, c) glucose, d) a and b are correct, e) c and d are correct. ____ 14. Carbohydrates that can’t be broken down into smaller molecules are: a) starches, b) polysaccharides, c) monosaccharides, d) disaccharides. ____ 15. An example of a polysaccharide is: a) starch, b) glucose, c) peroxi ...
... a) DNA, b) RNA, c) glucose, d) a and b are correct, e) c and d are correct. ____ 14. Carbohydrates that can’t be broken down into smaller molecules are: a) starches, b) polysaccharides, c) monosaccharides, d) disaccharides. ____ 15. An example of a polysaccharide is: a) starch, b) glucose, c) peroxi ...
Unit 1 - Human Cells
... folding along its length, and therefore can have no base pairing. The bases found in mRNA are; A,C,G and U ...
... folding along its length, and therefore can have no base pairing. The bases found in mRNA are; A,C,G and U ...
Chapter 10: Molecular Biology of the Gene
... Watson and Francis Crick: Determined the exact three dimensional structure of DNA as a double helix held together by H bonds. Won 1962 Nobel Prize. DNA is an antiparallel double helix: 5’ end of one strand is paired to 3’ end of other strand. A & T and G & C are paired up by hydrogen bonds Two ...
... Watson and Francis Crick: Determined the exact three dimensional structure of DNA as a double helix held together by H bonds. Won 1962 Nobel Prize. DNA is an antiparallel double helix: 5’ end of one strand is paired to 3’ end of other strand. A & T and G & C are paired up by hydrogen bonds Two ...
Review Topics for Final Part 1
... How does the compact viral genome yield so many different proteins? ...
... How does the compact viral genome yield so many different proteins? ...
DNA
... Watson and Francis Crick: Determined the exact three dimensional structure of DNA as a double helix held together by H bonds. Won 1962 Nobel Prize. DNA is an antiparallel double helix: 5’ end of one strand is paired to 3’ end of other strand. A & T and G & C are paired up by hydrogen bonds Two ...
... Watson and Francis Crick: Determined the exact three dimensional structure of DNA as a double helix held together by H bonds. Won 1962 Nobel Prize. DNA is an antiparallel double helix: 5’ end of one strand is paired to 3’ end of other strand. A & T and G & C are paired up by hydrogen bonds Two ...
Genetic Continuity
... The method of altering genes in organisms uses special enzymes The enzymes cut DNA segments so they can be “spliced” (moved and attached) to the DNA of a new organism Once the gene has been spliced into the DNA, that organism will produce that ...
... The method of altering genes in organisms uses special enzymes The enzymes cut DNA segments so they can be “spliced” (moved and attached) to the DNA of a new organism Once the gene has been spliced into the DNA, that organism will produce that ...
a specific short sequence on DNA at which RNA transcription ends
... protein, the linear order of the 20 possible amino acids. ...
... protein, the linear order of the 20 possible amino acids. ...
ProteinSynthesis11
... • Each amino acid is added to a growing chain of amino acids • Protein = peptide bonds connecting amino acids – Many different types of proteins exist because the number and sequence of amino acids can be different ...
... • Each amino acid is added to a growing chain of amino acids • Protein = peptide bonds connecting amino acids – Many different types of proteins exist because the number and sequence of amino acids can be different ...
Protein Synthesis
... Functional Protein • The protein now has to undergo folding and the addition of bonds • Folding allows the Protein to reach its 3D ...
... Functional Protein • The protein now has to undergo folding and the addition of bonds • Folding allows the Protein to reach its 3D ...
Chemistry/Biochemistry Review
... 17. Many monomers joined together 18. Many sugars linked together 19. Monomer for carbohydrates 20. Monomer for lipids 21. Monomer for nucleic acids 22. Monomer for proteins 23. Single units/building blocks of polymers 24. Type of lipid that is solid at room temperature 25. Supply main/primary sourc ...
... 17. Many monomers joined together 18. Many sugars linked together 19. Monomer for carbohydrates 20. Monomer for lipids 21. Monomer for nucleic acids 22. Monomer for proteins 23. Single units/building blocks of polymers 24. Type of lipid that is solid at room temperature 25. Supply main/primary sourc ...
BIOLOGY The tests are based on the knowledge of grammar school
... 1. Which is the fundamental difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? a) presence of the cell wall b) coding for genetic information c) presence of the nucleus enveloped by a membrane d) biomembrane structure 2. Which of the following historical dates is correct? a) Robert Koch discovered ...
... 1. Which is the fundamental difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? a) presence of the cell wall b) coding for genetic information c) presence of the nucleus enveloped by a membrane d) biomembrane structure 2. Which of the following historical dates is correct? a) Robert Koch discovered ...
Section 12-3 RNA and Protein Synthesis
... 8. What are two explanations for why some RNA molecules are cut and spliced? a. ...
... 8. What are two explanations for why some RNA molecules are cut and spliced? a. ...
Hardening of the arteries
... What is atherosclerosis? Hardening of the arteries, also called atherosclerosis, is a common disorder. It occurs when fat, cholesterol, and other substances build up in the walls of arteries and form hard structures ...
... What is atherosclerosis? Hardening of the arteries, also called atherosclerosis, is a common disorder. It occurs when fat, cholesterol, and other substances build up in the walls of arteries and form hard structures ...
rec07
... • Transcription depends on regulatory regions. • Common regulatory region – the promoter • RNA polymerase binds tightly to a specific DNA sequence in the promoter ...
... • Transcription depends on regulatory regions. • Common regulatory region – the promoter • RNA polymerase binds tightly to a specific DNA sequence in the promoter ...
Levels of protein structure:
... (tertiary) polypeptides, 2 of one type (alpha chains) and 2 of another type (beta chains). Each alpha chain contains 141 a.a. and each beta chain 146 a.a. Some proteins, but certainly not all, have quaternary structure. It is H bonds and ionic interactions that hold the separate proteins together. A ...
... (tertiary) polypeptides, 2 of one type (alpha chains) and 2 of another type (beta chains). Each alpha chain contains 141 a.a. and each beta chain 146 a.a. Some proteins, but certainly not all, have quaternary structure. It is H bonds and ionic interactions that hold the separate proteins together. A ...
DNA and PROTEIN SYNTHESIS SYNTHESIS
... genes, explain how they appear and function differently? -cells only transcribe those portions of genes that they need ...
... genes, explain how they appear and function differently? -cells only transcribe those portions of genes that they need ...
Tigger/pogo transposons in the Fugu genome
... smaller. For example, they generally get bigger by accumulating many copies of pseudogenes or transposable elements (jumping genes) or other kinds of junk DNA. Some seem to get smaller by deleting this junk DNA through large deletions. The balance of these two processes leads to remarkably different ...
... smaller. For example, they generally get bigger by accumulating many copies of pseudogenes or transposable elements (jumping genes) or other kinds of junk DNA. Some seem to get smaller by deleting this junk DNA through large deletions. The balance of these two processes leads to remarkably different ...
doc summer 2010 lecture 1 pg. 1-27
... Genetics is the study of genes at all levels from molecules to populations A gene is a functional region of the long DNA molecule composed of 4 nucleotides: A, G, T, C In replication, the 2 chains separate, and their exposed bases are used as templates for the synthesis of 2 identical daughter DNA m ...
... Genetics is the study of genes at all levels from molecules to populations A gene is a functional region of the long DNA molecule composed of 4 nucleotides: A, G, T, C In replication, the 2 chains separate, and their exposed bases are used as templates for the synthesis of 2 identical daughter DNA m ...
Structure of Proteins, Carbohydrates and Fats
... Proteins are polymers of amino acids. While there are hundreds of thousands of different proteins that exist in nature, they are all made up of different combinations of amino acids. Proteins are large molecules that may consist of hundreds, or even thousands of amino acids. Amino acids all have the ...
... Proteins are polymers of amino acids. While there are hundreds of thousands of different proteins that exist in nature, they are all made up of different combinations of amino acids. Proteins are large molecules that may consist of hundreds, or even thousands of amino acids. Amino acids all have the ...
Cells - SchoolRack
... sequence (order) of bases are changed because it has not been copied exactly. For example, the sequence of nitrogen bases provides instruction for the abnormal protein that causes the sickle-cell anemia. ...
... sequence (order) of bases are changed because it has not been copied exactly. For example, the sequence of nitrogen bases provides instruction for the abnormal protein that causes the sickle-cell anemia. ...
Chapter 17~ From Gene to Protein
... How can you code for 20 amino acids with only 4 nucleotide bases (A,U,G,C)? ...
... How can you code for 20 amino acids with only 4 nucleotide bases (A,U,G,C)? ...
Genetic code
The genetic code is the set of rules by which information encoded within genetic material (DNA or mRNA sequences) is translated into proteins by living cells. Biological decoding is accomplished by the ribosome, which links amino acids in an order specified by mRNA, using transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules to carry amino acids and to read the mRNA three nucleotides at a time. The genetic code is highly similar among all organisms and can be expressed in a simple table with 64 entries.The code defines how sequences of these nucleotide triplets, called codons, specify which amino acid will be added next during protein synthesis. With some exceptions, a three-nucleotide codon in a nucleic acid sequence specifies a single amino acid. Because the vast majority of genes are encoded with exactly the same code (see the RNA codon table), this particular code is often referred to as the canonical or standard genetic code, or simply the genetic code, though in fact some variant codes have evolved. For example, protein synthesis in human mitochondria relies on a genetic code that differs from the standard genetic code.While the genetic code determines the protein sequence for a given coding region, other genomic regions can influence when and where these proteins are produced.