macromoleculeppt
... Created from oils (unsaturated) that are hydrogenated (hydrogen added to double bonds) Done to increase shelf life, flavour, & workability (eg. semi-solid for baking) Only partial hydrogenation occurs & get a change in the orientation of hydrogens around some double bonds This fat is package ...
... Created from oils (unsaturated) that are hydrogenated (hydrogen added to double bonds) Done to increase shelf life, flavour, & workability (eg. semi-solid for baking) Only partial hydrogenation occurs & get a change in the orientation of hydrogens around some double bonds This fat is package ...
Human Genetics
... – add AAs one at a time to form chain. – Incoming tRNA receives AA’s from outgoing tRNA. Ribosome moves to allow this to continue ...
... – add AAs one at a time to form chain. – Incoming tRNA receives AA’s from outgoing tRNA. Ribosome moves to allow this to continue ...
BIOL 311 Human Genetics
... Single types of mutation leading to disease can be due to Specific mechanism of change, i.e. triplet expansion. Founder effect--a deleterious mutation in a small population is source of major type of mutation Heterozygote selection Gain of function common in genes involved in cancer. Gain of f ...
... Single types of mutation leading to disease can be due to Specific mechanism of change, i.e. triplet expansion. Founder effect--a deleterious mutation in a small population is source of major type of mutation Heterozygote selection Gain of function common in genes involved in cancer. Gain of f ...
Learning Objectives
... 4. Explain how RNA differs from DNA. 5. Briefly explain how information flows from gene to protein. Is the central dogma ever violated? 6. Distinguish between transcription and translation. 7. Compare where transcription and translation occur in bacteria and in eukaryotes. 8. Define “codon” and expl ...
... 4. Explain how RNA differs from DNA. 5. Briefly explain how information flows from gene to protein. Is the central dogma ever violated? 6. Distinguish between transcription and translation. 7. Compare where transcription and translation occur in bacteria and in eukaryotes. 8. Define “codon” and expl ...
Transcription and Translation
... Information travels from DNA to RNA to Protein • Is there a one-to-one correspondence between DNA, RNA and Protein? – DNA and RNA each have four nucleotides that can form them; so yes, there is a one-to-one correspondence between DNA and RNA. – Proteins can be composed of a potential 20 amino acids; ...
... Information travels from DNA to RNA to Protein • Is there a one-to-one correspondence between DNA, RNA and Protein? – DNA and RNA each have four nucleotides that can form them; so yes, there is a one-to-one correspondence between DNA and RNA. – Proteins can be composed of a potential 20 amino acids; ...
Learning Objectives
... 4. Explain how RNA differs from DNA. 5. Briefly explain how information flows from gene to protein. Is the central dogma ever violated? 6. Distinguish between transcription and translation. 7. Compare where transcription and translation occur in bacteria and in eukaryotes. 8. Define “codon” and expl ...
... 4. Explain how RNA differs from DNA. 5. Briefly explain how information flows from gene to protein. Is the central dogma ever violated? 6. Distinguish between transcription and translation. 7. Compare where transcription and translation occur in bacteria and in eukaryotes. 8. Define “codon” and expl ...
MICROBIAL GENETICS
... B. Frameshift Mutations, in which one or a few nucleotide pairs are Deleted or Inserted in the DNA . This mutation can shift the translational reading frame" - that is, the three-by-three grouping of nucleotides recognized as codons during translation ...
... B. Frameshift Mutations, in which one or a few nucleotide pairs are Deleted or Inserted in the DNA . This mutation can shift the translational reading frame" - that is, the three-by-three grouping of nucleotides recognized as codons during translation ...
Regulation on Cellular respiration
... • When needed as an energy source, the fat reserves are moved out of adipose tissue, and broken down into glycerol and fatty acids in the liver • The glycerol portion of the molecule may be converted into DHAP and then to G3P and enters the glycolytic pathway. • The glycerol may also be converted in ...
... • When needed as an energy source, the fat reserves are moved out of adipose tissue, and broken down into glycerol and fatty acids in the liver • The glycerol portion of the molecule may be converted into DHAP and then to G3P and enters the glycolytic pathway. • The glycerol may also be converted in ...
Polymer: Macromolecule
... the –COOH group of one amino acid is adjacent to the NH2 group of another, an enzyme will join them via dehydration synthesis to form a Peptide Bond. The resulting molecule is known as a Dipeptide. As many more amino acids are added, a long Polypeptide chain is formed. ● All ...
... the –COOH group of one amino acid is adjacent to the NH2 group of another, an enzyme will join them via dehydration synthesis to form a Peptide Bond. The resulting molecule is known as a Dipeptide. As many more amino acids are added, a long Polypeptide chain is formed. ● All ...
Macromoleucles Notes
... Proteins have complex structures. The ________________ of a protein determines its ____________________! The levels of protein structure are: o __________________ ____________________: polypeptide chain o _______________________ ___________________: polypeptides in coils or sheets o ________________ ...
... Proteins have complex structures. The ________________ of a protein determines its ____________________! The levels of protein structure are: o __________________ ____________________: polypeptide chain o _______________________ ___________________: polypeptides in coils or sheets o ________________ ...
Chromosomes come in pairs
... sequences can be transposed -inserted on other chromosomes. Transposition events sometimes occur in plants, eg flax, during times of ecological stress. It is a quick way to disrupt the phenotype, giving rise to new morphologies and physiologies in ...
... sequences can be transposed -inserted on other chromosomes. Transposition events sometimes occur in plants, eg flax, during times of ecological stress. It is a quick way to disrupt the phenotype, giving rise to new morphologies and physiologies in ...
7.013 Problem Set 1 - MIT OpenCourseWare
... a) With the exception of germ cells, the nucleus of all somatic cells in your body carries two copies of each DNA segment or chromosome, which together make your genome. To fit the entire DNA into a tiny nucleus, the chromosomes are highly compacted through a variety of mechanisms. If however, they ...
... a) With the exception of germ cells, the nucleus of all somatic cells in your body carries two copies of each DNA segment or chromosome, which together make your genome. To fit the entire DNA into a tiny nucleus, the chromosomes are highly compacted through a variety of mechanisms. If however, they ...
Bioinformatics Take Home Test #1 –Due 9/19/16
... negative feedback loops that help maintain homeostasis. D. Mars cooled faster than the Earth and therefore was a more habitable place for life earlier. Life arose first on Mars and traveled to Earth on meteorites E. Large glaciers and ice ages result from a runaway cold-house, where the Earth get ...
... negative feedback loops that help maintain homeostasis. D. Mars cooled faster than the Earth and therefore was a more habitable place for life earlier. Life arose first on Mars and traveled to Earth on meteorites E. Large glaciers and ice ages result from a runaway cold-house, where the Earth get ...
Lecture 2 - Cell assembly
... from DNA and transmits sequences of bases used to determine the amino acid sequence of the protein. • mRNA (“Messenger RNA”) associates with the ribosome (mRNA and protein portion). • RNA (“Transfer RNA”) also required • Codons are 3 base mRNA segments that specify a certain amino acid. • Most amino ...
... from DNA and transmits sequences of bases used to determine the amino acid sequence of the protein. • mRNA (“Messenger RNA”) associates with the ribosome (mRNA and protein portion). • RNA (“Transfer RNA”) also required • Codons are 3 base mRNA segments that specify a certain amino acid. • Most amino ...
COMMON GENETIC DISORDERS IN HUMANS
... COMMON GENETIC DISORDERS IN HUMANS The following are some of the more common and/or well known genetic disorders in humans. There are in fact hundreds that have been identified. Chromosomal disorders are the result of errors in meiosis, and therefore are not inherited through the generations. The ot ...
... COMMON GENETIC DISORDERS IN HUMANS The following are some of the more common and/or well known genetic disorders in humans. There are in fact hundreds that have been identified. Chromosomal disorders are the result of errors in meiosis, and therefore are not inherited through the generations. The ot ...
I. Mutations: primary tools of genetic analysis
... A. Mutations are heritable changes in base sequence that modify the information content of DNA ð one way geneticists classify mutations is by their effect on the DNA molecule B. Spontaneous mutations affecting genes occur at a very low rate 1. The mutation rate varies from gene to gene 2. Forward mu ...
... A. Mutations are heritable changes in base sequence that modify the information content of DNA ð one way geneticists classify mutations is by their effect on the DNA molecule B. Spontaneous mutations affecting genes occur at a very low rate 1. The mutation rate varies from gene to gene 2. Forward mu ...
DNA-RNA-Protein Synthesis
... Decide as a group how to build a model of DNA. The artist should draw it for the group and label each base subunit (nitrogen base) according to the model. The recorder should write down the process (pair, unzip…) what’s on the sides, in the middle, and attaching the two strands. The builder/demolish ...
... Decide as a group how to build a model of DNA. The artist should draw it for the group and label each base subunit (nitrogen base) according to the model. The recorder should write down the process (pair, unzip…) what’s on the sides, in the middle, and attaching the two strands. The builder/demolish ...
DNA Sequences
... • The DNA segments that carry this genetic information are called genes, but other DNA sequences have structural purposes, or are involved in regulating the use of this genetic information. ...
... • The DNA segments that carry this genetic information are called genes, but other DNA sequences have structural purposes, or are involved in regulating the use of this genetic information. ...
Thao_Molecular cell
... other when present in the same cell. • Recessive The one pair of allele that is masked by the other when present in the same cell and capable of producing its characteristics phenotype in the organism only when two alleles is present and identical. ...
... other when present in the same cell. • Recessive The one pair of allele that is masked by the other when present in the same cell and capable of producing its characteristics phenotype in the organism only when two alleles is present and identical. ...
Biochemistry/Proteins/Introduction
... domains. These domains can often perform specific functions in a protein. For example, a cell membrane receptor might have an extracellular domain to bind a target molecule and an intracellular domain that binds other proteins inside the cell, thereby transducing a signal across the cell membrane. T ...
... domains. These domains can often perform specific functions in a protein. For example, a cell membrane receptor might have an extracellular domain to bind a target molecule and an intracellular domain that binds other proteins inside the cell, thereby transducing a signal across the cell membrane. T ...
ReviewExamIII
... What is the specific function of cholesterol? What are the bonds that join amino acids together called, and what type are they (ionic, covalent, or hydrogen)? Name three specific ways in which DNA and RNA differ with respect to general structure or differences between their monomers. ...
... What is the specific function of cholesterol? What are the bonds that join amino acids together called, and what type are they (ionic, covalent, or hydrogen)? Name three specific ways in which DNA and RNA differ with respect to general structure or differences between their monomers. ...
2770 December 2007 Final Exam
... Glucokinase has a Km value of 10.0 mM, whereas hexokinase has a Km value of 0.1 mM that is consistent with: A) glucokinase acting on glucose at low concentrations. B) glucokinase acting on glucose only at high glucose concentrations. C) glucokinase phosphorylation of most of the glucose at low gluco ...
... Glucokinase has a Km value of 10.0 mM, whereas hexokinase has a Km value of 0.1 mM that is consistent with: A) glucokinase acting on glucose at low concentrations. B) glucokinase acting on glucose only at high glucose concentrations. C) glucokinase phosphorylation of most of the glucose at low gluco ...
Genetic code
The genetic code is the set of rules by which information encoded within genetic material (DNA or mRNA sequences) is translated into proteins by living cells. Biological decoding is accomplished by the ribosome, which links amino acids in an order specified by mRNA, using transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules to carry amino acids and to read the mRNA three nucleotides at a time. The genetic code is highly similar among all organisms and can be expressed in a simple table with 64 entries.The code defines how sequences of these nucleotide triplets, called codons, specify which amino acid will be added next during protein synthesis. With some exceptions, a three-nucleotide codon in a nucleic acid sequence specifies a single amino acid. Because the vast majority of genes are encoded with exactly the same code (see the RNA codon table), this particular code is often referred to as the canonical or standard genetic code, or simply the genetic code, though in fact some variant codes have evolved. For example, protein synthesis in human mitochondria relies on a genetic code that differs from the standard genetic code.While the genetic code determines the protein sequence for a given coding region, other genomic regions can influence when and where these proteins are produced.