No. 35 - Institute for Astronomy
... Giant black holes at the centers of galaxies grow mainly as a result of intergalactic collisions, according to IfA astronomer Ezequiel Treister, leader of a study published in March. As gas clouds in galaxies are sucked into the central black hole, they emit vast amounts of radiation, giving rise to ...
... Giant black holes at the centers of galaxies grow mainly as a result of intergalactic collisions, according to IfA astronomer Ezequiel Treister, leader of a study published in March. As gas clouds in galaxies are sucked into the central black hole, they emit vast amounts of radiation, giving rise to ...
PowerPoint. - teachearthscience.org
... gases such as H and He). By comparison, the terrestrial planets have comparatively meager atmospheres (if any) of heavier gases (N2, CO2, and H2O). ...
... gases such as H and He). By comparison, the terrestrial planets have comparatively meager atmospheres (if any) of heavier gases (N2, CO2, and H2O). ...
poll_questions
... • Helium fusion requires three nuclei to interact within a very short amount of time • For a given gas temperature, helium nuclei move slower than hydrogen nuclei • Helium nuclei repel each other more strongly than hydrogen nuclei • All of the above ...
... • Helium fusion requires three nuclei to interact within a very short amount of time • For a given gas temperature, helium nuclei move slower than hydrogen nuclei • Helium nuclei repel each other more strongly than hydrogen nuclei • All of the above ...
Lecture 24 Early Universe
... • If this were all there was to it, then the final mixture of hydrogen & helium would be determined by initial number of p and n. – If equal number of p and n, everything would basically turn to 4He… Pairs of protons and pairs of neutrons would team up into stable Helium nuclei. – Would have small ...
... • If this were all there was to it, then the final mixture of hydrogen & helium would be determined by initial number of p and n. – If equal number of p and n, everything would basically turn to 4He… Pairs of protons and pairs of neutrons would team up into stable Helium nuclei. – Would have small ...
the curious incident of the dog in the night-time
... “normal” stars is enormous AND constant. When astronomers observe stars (some now for over one hundred years), they do not change significantly. Nuclear energy is the only viable process known to humans that can provide a constant stream of energy with such extreme brightness over billions of years. ...
... “normal” stars is enormous AND constant. When astronomers observe stars (some now for over one hundred years), they do not change significantly. Nuclear energy is the only viable process known to humans that can provide a constant stream of energy with such extreme brightness over billions of years. ...
Lecture Thirteen (Powerpoint format) - Flash
... In this model, the universe began from an incredibly dense hot plasma state, and rapidly expanded. As the universe expanded, it cooled down. At the point that it had cooled down sufficiently (to about 4000 K) to allow individual protons and electrons to combine to form hydrogen atoms, it became ...
... In this model, the universe began from an incredibly dense hot plasma state, and rapidly expanded. As the universe expanded, it cooled down. At the point that it had cooled down sufficiently (to about 4000 K) to allow individual protons and electrons to combine to form hydrogen atoms, it became ...
The Universe - Mrs. Bills Brainy Bunch
... named Edwin Hubble discovered that what scientists called the Andromeda Nebula was actually over 2 million light years away Hubble realized that many of the objects that astronomers called nebulas were not actually clouds of gas, but were collections of millions or billions of stars — what we now ...
... named Edwin Hubble discovered that what scientists called the Andromeda Nebula was actually over 2 million light years away Hubble realized that many of the objects that astronomers called nebulas were not actually clouds of gas, but were collections of millions or billions of stars — what we now ...
Lecture 1
... Neutrinos (ν, leptons) have no charge but there is some experimental evidence that neutrinos may have a small mass. Neutrinos interact via the weak nuclear force – a typical neutrino would have to pass through a few parsecs of solid lead before having a 50% chance of interacting with a lead atom. Ob ...
... Neutrinos (ν, leptons) have no charge but there is some experimental evidence that neutrinos may have a small mass. Neutrinos interact via the weak nuclear force – a typical neutrino would have to pass through a few parsecs of solid lead before having a 50% chance of interacting with a lead atom. Ob ...
Physics: Particles from Space - Advice for Practitioners (Revised
... radiation was still detected in the absence of known sources. This was background radiation. Austrian physicist Victor Hess made measurements of radiation at high altitudes from a balloon, to try and get away from possible sources on Earth. He was surprised to find the measurements actually increase ...
... radiation was still detected in the absence of known sources. This was background radiation. Austrian physicist Victor Hess made measurements of radiation at high altitudes from a balloon, to try and get away from possible sources on Earth. He was surprised to find the measurements actually increase ...
Chapter 4: Making Sense of the Universe
... At any given time, how many high tides are there on Earth? A. One B. Two C. There may be none or one, depending on what time of day D. None, one, or two– depending on the time of day ...
... At any given time, how many high tides are there on Earth? A. One B. Two C. There may be none or one, depending on what time of day D. None, one, or two– depending on the time of day ...
Reading Selections for ID1113, p
... Three important discoveries were made in 1963: quasars, star-like objects and quasistellar objects. Quasars = star-like objects = quasi-stellar objects Only one discovery (see par. 1) ...
... Three important discoveries were made in 1963: quasars, star-like objects and quasistellar objects. Quasars = star-like objects = quasi-stellar objects Only one discovery (see par. 1) ...
Galaxies
... particularly in arms, circular orbits, high concentration (3%) heavy elements Population II – red, old, found in bulge and halo, elliptical orbits, low concentration of heavy elements Probably smooth transition between end members (i.e. the sun). ? Population III ? – pure H and He ...
... particularly in arms, circular orbits, high concentration (3%) heavy elements Population II – red, old, found in bulge and halo, elliptical orbits, low concentration of heavy elements Probably smooth transition between end members (i.e. the sun). ? Population III ? – pure H and He ...
Why is the darkness of the night sky evidence for the Big Bang?
... flows in and essentially a white hole part in another universe where matter flows out. ...
... flows in and essentially a white hole part in another universe where matter flows out. ...
Astronomical Coordinates, Distances and Magnitudes
... direction as, for instance, the corner of the room or the tower of the church. The abstraction of this natural SR is named the Spherical Polar System. The position of a point is given by three coordinates: two angles (φ,θ) and a distance (r) as shown in the figure. The geographical (geographical lat ...
... direction as, for instance, the corner of the room or the tower of the church. The abstraction of this natural SR is named the Spherical Polar System. The position of a point is given by three coordinates: two angles (φ,θ) and a distance (r) as shown in the figure. The geographical (geographical lat ...
Astro 4 Practice Test 1
... Aristotelian view of the universe? a. The Moon has light and dark patches on its surface. b. The Moon appears to have a spherical shape. c. The Moon has mountains, plains, and valleys, much like the `imperfect’ Earth. d. The Moon is completely smooth, confirming that everything above the Earth is pe ...
... Aristotelian view of the universe? a. The Moon has light and dark patches on its surface. b. The Moon appears to have a spherical shape. c. The Moon has mountains, plains, and valleys, much like the `imperfect’ Earth. d. The Moon is completely smooth, confirming that everything above the Earth is pe ...
Sun, Moon and Stars - Siemens Science Day
... Milky Way – A system that can be comprised of millions of stars that have their own solar systems Solar System – (Our solar system) includes the sun with its planets and their natural satellites such as Earth’s moon; dwarf planets such as Pluto and Ceres; asteroids; comets and meteoroids Sun – A sta ...
... Milky Way – A system that can be comprised of millions of stars that have their own solar systems Solar System – (Our solar system) includes the sun with its planets and their natural satellites such as Earth’s moon; dwarf planets such as Pluto and Ceres; asteroids; comets and meteoroids Sun – A sta ...
Astronomy - Dallas ISD
... The geocentric model, first proposed by Copernicus, in which the Earth is the center of the solar system ...
... The geocentric model, first proposed by Copernicus, in which the Earth is the center of the solar system ...
Cosmic Particle Accelerator - Max-Planck
... tions have shown with increasing accuracy that our Milky Way rotates about a black hole concealing a mass of around 4.5 million Suns. This object, called Sagittarius A*, is surrounded by a hot disk of gas from which it draws in and then swallows matter. The H.E.S.S. researchers conclude from the dat ...
... tions have shown with increasing accuracy that our Milky Way rotates about a black hole concealing a mass of around 4.5 million Suns. This object, called Sagittarius A*, is surrounded by a hot disk of gas from which it draws in and then swallows matter. The H.E.S.S. researchers conclude from the dat ...
Astronomy 8 - Dallas ISD
... The geocentric model, first proposed by Copernicus, in which the Earth is the center of the solar system ...
... The geocentric model, first proposed by Copernicus, in which the Earth is the center of the solar system ...
Teaching Text Structure with Understanding the Scale of the Universe
... collected and the techniques she developed became standard tools for astronomers to measure large distances in space. Henrietta Swan Leavitt ...
... collected and the techniques she developed became standard tools for astronomers to measure large distances in space. Henrietta Swan Leavitt ...
Powerpoint - UIUC HEP Group
... The advent of photography dramatically increased the capability of telescopes. Putting a camera at the telescope’s focus produces several benefits: • Fainter objects can be seen. The human eye integrates light for about 1/20 second, so, looking at a faint object longer does not significantly improve ...
... The advent of photography dramatically increased the capability of telescopes. Putting a camera at the telescope’s focus produces several benefits: • Fainter objects can be seen. The human eye integrates light for about 1/20 second, so, looking at a faint object longer does not significantly improve ...
Nuclear and Particle Physics - Lecture 26 Nucleosynthesis 1
... Even heavier stars than the Sun can contract to reach high enough temperatures to overcome larger Coulomb barriers and hence allow carbon burning to produce oxygen and furthermore oxygen burning to produce silicon. For the biggest stars, which have the mass to produce the required temperatures, sili ...
... Even heavier stars than the Sun can contract to reach high enough temperatures to overcome larger Coulomb barriers and hence allow carbon burning to produce oxygen and furthermore oxygen burning to produce silicon. For the biggest stars, which have the mass to produce the required temperatures, sili ...
Average absolute magnitude
... The wavelength of the Lyman-alpha line in the hydrogen spectrum is measured in the laboratory to be 122 nm. In the hydrogen spectrum of a galaxy, the Lyman-alpha line is measured to be 147 nm. Determine the distance of this galaxy from the Earth. Assume that the Hubble constant H0 is 75km s–1 M pc– ...
... The wavelength of the Lyman-alpha line in the hydrogen spectrum is measured in the laboratory to be 122 nm. In the hydrogen spectrum of a galaxy, the Lyman-alpha line is measured to be 147 nm. Determine the distance of this galaxy from the Earth. Assume that the Hubble constant H0 is 75km s–1 M pc– ...
Stellar Evolution after the Main Sequence
... • One property of the degenerate electron gas is that it conducts temperature very well, so as soon as the energy is released in one part of the core, it is transmitted throughout the core in seconds, producing a rapid heating of all of the He there. • The He burning accelerates like an explosion – ...
... • One property of the degenerate electron gas is that it conducts temperature very well, so as soon as the energy is released in one part of the core, it is transmitted throughout the core in seconds, producing a rapid heating of all of the He there. • The He burning accelerates like an explosion – ...
Outer space
Outer space, or just space, is the void that exists between celestial bodies, including the Earth. It is not completely empty, but consists of a hard vacuum containing a low density of particles, predominantly a plasma of hydrogen and helium as well as electromagnetic radiation, magnetic fields, neutrinos, dust and cosmic rays. The baseline temperature, as set by the background radiation from the Big Bang, is 2.7 kelvin (K). Plasma with a number density of less than one hydrogen atom per cubic metre and a temperature of millions of kelvin in the space between galaxies accounts for most of the baryonic (ordinary) matter in outer space; local concentrations have condensed into stars and galaxies. In most galaxies, observations provide evidence that 90% of the mass is in an unknown form, called dark matter, which interacts with other matter through gravitational but not electromagnetic forces. Data indicates that the majority of the mass-energy in the observable Universe is a poorly understood vacuum energy of space which astronomers label dark energy. Intergalactic space takes up most of the volume of the Universe, but even galaxies and star systems consist almost entirely of empty space.There is no firm boundary where space begins. However the Kármán line, at an altitude of 100 km (62 mi) above sea level, is conventionally used as the start of outer space in space treaties and for aerospace records keeping. The framework for international space law was established by the Outer Space Treaty, which was passed by the United Nations in 1967. This treaty precludes any claims of national sovereignty and permits all states to freely explore outer space. Despite the drafting of UN resolutions for the peaceful uses of outer space, anti-satellite weapons have been tested in Earth orbit.Humans began the physical exploration of space during the 20th century with the advent of high-altitude balloon flights, followed by manned rocket launches. Earth orbit was first achieved by Yuri Gagarin of the Soviet Union in 1961 and unmanned spacecraft have since reached all of the known planets in the Solar System. Due to the high cost of getting into space, manned spaceflight has been limited to low Earth orbit and the Moon.Outer space represents a challenging environment for human exploration because of the dual hazards of vacuum and radiation. Microgravity also has a negative effect on human physiology that causes both muscle atrophy and bone loss. In addition to these health and environmental issues, the economic cost of putting objects, including humans, into space is high.