Issue #15 - 2016 April - National Space Society
... Tiny embedded nozzles blowing air over the surface of an airplane’s vertical tail fin - future aircraft could safely be designed with smaller tails, reducing weight and drag. Surface coatings designed to minimize drag caused by bug residue building up on the wing’s leading edge. By stitching togethe ...
... Tiny embedded nozzles blowing air over the surface of an airplane’s vertical tail fin - future aircraft could safely be designed with smaller tails, reducing weight and drag. Surface coatings designed to minimize drag caused by bug residue building up on the wing’s leading edge. By stitching togethe ...
Migrating Dust Particles
... size they drifted towards the Sun. This material was later accreted to planetesimals which are held together by self-gravity. As the planetesimals extend their gravitational range they have a run-away growth towards becoming planets. In this step the planetesimals grow more the larger they get. This ...
... size they drifted towards the Sun. This material was later accreted to planetesimals which are held together by self-gravity. As the planetesimals extend their gravitational range they have a run-away growth towards becoming planets. In this step the planetesimals grow more the larger they get. This ...
Harald Maurer – The Principle of Existence Edition
... is satisfied with such answers may put this book aside. Because this book tries to explain why the physicists had to discover their theories and what is really behind the phenomena. Will our theory be dynamite for arguments and discussions? Certainly not at once. In the eyes of the scientists, he w ...
... is satisfied with such answers may put this book aside. Because this book tries to explain why the physicists had to discover their theories and what is really behind the phenomena. Will our theory be dynamite for arguments and discussions? Certainly not at once. In the eyes of the scientists, he w ...
Inflation and the Cosmic Microwave Background
... we will never be able to see no matter how long we wait. This is equivalent to the statement that the expansion of the Universe is so fast that it prevents some distant light rays, that are propagating toward us, from ever reaching us. In the top panel, one can see the rapid expansion of objects awa ...
... we will never be able to see no matter how long we wait. This is equivalent to the statement that the expansion of the Universe is so fast that it prevents some distant light rays, that are propagating toward us, from ever reaching us. In the top panel, one can see the rapid expansion of objects awa ...
Studies of dark matter in and around stars
... for letting me explore the marvels of physics research. Thank you Joakim for the sometimes intense physics discussions and for letting me ruin your Christmas too. Thank you Paolo Gondolo for our collaboration, for your insights and your hospitality during my visit in Salt Lake City. Thanks also to K ...
... for letting me explore the marvels of physics research. Thank you Joakim for the sometimes intense physics discussions and for letting me ruin your Christmas too. Thank you Paolo Gondolo for our collaboration, for your insights and your hospitality during my visit in Salt Lake City. Thanks also to K ...
Intelligent Life in the Universe - e
... prehistoric times as well as in antiquity. Creatures such as giants, centaurs, angels, and fairies were essential and universally accepted parts of Greek, Jewish, and Germanic mythologies. Although no fossil traces of such beings have ever been found, most of us firmly believe that nonhuman intellige ...
... prehistoric times as well as in antiquity. Creatures such as giants, centaurs, angels, and fairies were essential and universally accepted parts of Greek, Jewish, and Germanic mythologies. Although no fossil traces of such beings have ever been found, most of us firmly believe that nonhuman intellige ...
Foreword You`ll notice here that I hardly make mention of gravity, if
... Left: Pioneer 10's trajectory from Saturn orbit to Uranus orbit and the point when it encountered a mysterious force - dubbed the Pioneer anomaly by baffled Nasa scientists - that gently pushed against it in the opposite direction back towards the Sun and effectively decelerating its forward momentu ...
... Left: Pioneer 10's trajectory from Saturn orbit to Uranus orbit and the point when it encountered a mysterious force - dubbed the Pioneer anomaly by baffled Nasa scientists - that gently pushed against it in the opposite direction back towards the Sun and effectively decelerating its forward momentu ...
the inclination of the dwarf irregular galaxy
... Recent studies indicate that galactic disks stabilize to a constant stability parameter across the optical galaxy (Meurer et al. 2013; Zheng et al. 2013), lending support to the phenomenon of self-regulation by star formation, as suggested by Quirk (1972). However, although the value of the Qg -para ...
... Recent studies indicate that galactic disks stabilize to a constant stability parameter across the optical galaxy (Meurer et al. 2013; Zheng et al. 2013), lending support to the phenomenon of self-regulation by star formation, as suggested by Quirk (1972). However, although the value of the Qg -para ...
Galaxies: Interactions and Mergers Encyclopedia of Astronomy & Astrophysics eaa.iop.org C Mihos
... no contact between one another. In this picture, the processes which shape the galaxies we see today are uniquely determined by the initial conditions under which galaxies form and processes completely internal to the galaxies themselves. As galaxy catalogs began to grow, however, more and more exam ...
... no contact between one another. In this picture, the processes which shape the galaxies we see today are uniquely determined by the initial conditions under which galaxies form and processes completely internal to the galaxies themselves. As galaxy catalogs began to grow, however, more and more exam ...
21_Testbank
... 28) Where are the X rays produced that are emitted by quasars and other active galactic nuclei? A) in hot gas in an accretion disk around a central black hole B) in ionization nebulae of interstellar gas that surround the accretion disk C) in dust grains in molecular clouds that encircle the active ...
... 28) Where are the X rays produced that are emitted by quasars and other active galactic nuclei? A) in hot gas in an accretion disk around a central black hole B) in ionization nebulae of interstellar gas that surround the accretion disk C) in dust grains in molecular clouds that encircle the active ...
Invited Review The Beginning and Evolution of the Universe
... well as review articles. We begin with discussion of the foundations of the Big Bang Model in § 2, which summarizes research in the half century from Einstein’s foundational paper on modern cosmology until the late 1960s discovery of the CMB radiation, as well as some loose ends. Section 3 discusses ...
... well as review articles. We begin with discussion of the foundations of the Big Bang Model in § 2, which summarizes research in the half century from Einstein’s foundational paper on modern cosmology until the late 1960s discovery of the CMB radiation, as well as some loose ends. Section 3 discusses ...
DICTIONARY OF GEOPHYSICS, ASTROPHYSICS, and
... permission, and sources are indicated. A wide variety of references are listed. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and the publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or for the consequences of their use. Neither th ...
... permission, and sources are indicated. A wide variety of references are listed. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and the publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or for the consequences of their use. Neither th ...
The Celestial Sphere CHAPTER 1
... Figure S2.2: Results for Problem 2.16. 2.17 (Note: Orbit can be downloaded from the companion web site at http://www.aw-bc.com/astrophysics.) (a) See Fig. S2.3. (b) See Fig. S2.3. (c) Figure S2.3 shows that the orbit of Mars is very close to a perfect circle, with the center of the circle slightly o ...
... Figure S2.2: Results for Problem 2.16. 2.17 (Note: Orbit can be downloaded from the companion web site at http://www.aw-bc.com/astrophysics.) (a) See Fig. S2.3. (b) See Fig. S2.3. (c) Figure S2.3 shows that the orbit of Mars is very close to a perfect circle, with the center of the circle slightly o ...
Power Point
... telescope (nearby this not the case – one has to target individual galaxies in clusters one by one) • around a cluster there are many more galaxies that lie within a single telescope pointing than for a typical field pointing ...
... telescope (nearby this not the case – one has to target individual galaxies in clusters one by one) • around a cluster there are many more galaxies that lie within a single telescope pointing than for a typical field pointing ...
PDF
... according to their mutual gravitational attraction. However, in describing how galaxies assemble, we are primarily concerned with the baryonic component and the rate at which pristine hydrogen gas converts to stars as well as, ultimately, with dynamical and structural details which would enable us t ...
... according to their mutual gravitational attraction. However, in describing how galaxies assemble, we are primarily concerned with the baryonic component and the rate at which pristine hydrogen gas converts to stars as well as, ultimately, with dynamical and structural details which would enable us t ...
The Search for Directed Intelligence
... below. It is helpful to also think of the received flux in terms of the equivalent photometric magnitude that is commonly used in astronomy. We show this in Figure 4 as a rough indication of how "bright" the signal is. The equivalent magnitude is computed as if the signal were uniformly distributed ...
... below. It is helpful to also think of the received flux in terms of the equivalent photometric magnitude that is commonly used in astronomy. We show this in Figure 4 as a rough indication of how "bright" the signal is. The equivalent magnitude is computed as if the signal were uniformly distributed ...
Theory of Motion of Matter on the Formation of Galaxy and Star
... As primordial galaxy nebula and primordial stellar nebula are vortex type, centrifugal effect makes dispersed matter unable to move rapidly towards nebula center. It produced relative motion between matter moving outwards primordial galaxy nebula center high density nuclear zone and dispersed matter ...
... As primordial galaxy nebula and primordial stellar nebula are vortex type, centrifugal effect makes dispersed matter unable to move rapidly towards nebula center. It produced relative motion between matter moving outwards primordial galaxy nebula center high density nuclear zone and dispersed matter ...
The nature of the ultraluminous X-ray sources inside galaxies and
... These are only some of the many cases which have now been found which provide strong circumstantial evidence that QSOs originate in the centers of active galaxies and are ejected from them. Evidence based on a sample of 39 X-ray emitting QSOs associated with active galaxies, including some of the ca ...
... These are only some of the many cases which have now been found which provide strong circumstantial evidence that QSOs originate in the centers of active galaxies and are ejected from them. Evidence based on a sample of 39 X-ray emitting QSOs associated with active galaxies, including some of the ca ...
The Animate and the Inanimate
... Ionian school, and reappearing at later periods from time to time. On the other hand, the generally accepted theory of the second law of thermodynamics represents a different philosophical tendency, the tendency that considers changes once made as irreparable. Aristotle's philosophy is a good ...
... Ionian school, and reappearing at later periods from time to time. On the other hand, the generally accepted theory of the second law of thermodynamics represents a different philosophical tendency, the tendency that considers changes once made as irreparable. Aristotle's philosophy is a good ...
Study properties of dwarf galaxies in and around the nearby Lynx
... (clusters, groups, voids) is a long-studied problem. Voids are delineated by luminous (L > L*) massive objects and populated by dwarfs. The galaxy densities and other parameters vary significantly from one void to another. One expects that not only galaxy interactions occur in voids much less freque ...
... (clusters, groups, voids) is a long-studied problem. Voids are delineated by luminous (L > L*) massive objects and populated by dwarfs. The galaxy densities and other parameters vary significantly from one void to another. One expects that not only galaxy interactions occur in voids much less freque ...
Chapter 1
... about the evolution of galaxies. Stellar light does not reach us without passing through the interstellar medium (ISM) which contains clouds of gas and dust particles. Gas and dust can absorb and re-emit the light from stars, or scatter it towards us and make interpreting what we observe in galaxies ...
... about the evolution of galaxies. Stellar light does not reach us without passing through the interstellar medium (ISM) which contains clouds of gas and dust particles. Gas and dust can absorb and re-emit the light from stars, or scatter it towards us and make interpreting what we observe in galaxies ...
20_Testbank
... small part in detail, we can extrapolate to get the total number. As an example, the Hubble deep field shows thousands of galaxies in a very small angular area of the sky (about equal to the size of a grain of sand held at arm's length). Multiplying the number of galaxies by the ratio of the angular ...
... small part in detail, we can extrapolate to get the total number. As an example, the Hubble deep field shows thousands of galaxies in a very small angular area of the sky (about equal to the size of a grain of sand held at arm's length). Multiplying the number of galaxies by the ratio of the angular ...
Exploring Neutral Hydrogen and Galaxy Evolution with the SKA
... follow a bimodal distribution in colour as a function of stellar mass (Baldry et al. (2004)); most galaxies are either located in the so-called blue cloud or on the red sequence, indicating that star formation is either still ongoing or was quenched billions of years ago. Furthermore, the galaxy ‘ma ...
... follow a bimodal distribution in colour as a function of stellar mass (Baldry et al. (2004)); most galaxies are either located in the so-called blue cloud or on the red sequence, indicating that star formation is either still ongoing or was quenched billions of years ago. Furthermore, the galaxy ‘ma ...
13.1 Galaxy Evolution: Introduction
... we can look at the diffuse backgrounds, the collective emission of all galaxies ever. Now, that has a drawback of not knowing which source is where until you actually resolve the background. But, it bypasses selection effects, because you get everything, whether or not individual ga ...
... we can look at the diffuse backgrounds, the collective emission of all galaxies ever. Now, that has a drawback of not knowing which source is where until you actually resolve the background. But, it bypasses selection effects, because you get everything, whether or not individual ga ...
Outer space
Outer space, or just space, is the void that exists between celestial bodies, including the Earth. It is not completely empty, but consists of a hard vacuum containing a low density of particles, predominantly a plasma of hydrogen and helium as well as electromagnetic radiation, magnetic fields, neutrinos, dust and cosmic rays. The baseline temperature, as set by the background radiation from the Big Bang, is 2.7 kelvin (K). Plasma with a number density of less than one hydrogen atom per cubic metre and a temperature of millions of kelvin in the space between galaxies accounts for most of the baryonic (ordinary) matter in outer space; local concentrations have condensed into stars and galaxies. In most galaxies, observations provide evidence that 90% of the mass is in an unknown form, called dark matter, which interacts with other matter through gravitational but not electromagnetic forces. Data indicates that the majority of the mass-energy in the observable Universe is a poorly understood vacuum energy of space which astronomers label dark energy. Intergalactic space takes up most of the volume of the Universe, but even galaxies and star systems consist almost entirely of empty space.There is no firm boundary where space begins. However the Kármán line, at an altitude of 100 km (62 mi) above sea level, is conventionally used as the start of outer space in space treaties and for aerospace records keeping. The framework for international space law was established by the Outer Space Treaty, which was passed by the United Nations in 1967. This treaty precludes any claims of national sovereignty and permits all states to freely explore outer space. Despite the drafting of UN resolutions for the peaceful uses of outer space, anti-satellite weapons have been tested in Earth orbit.Humans began the physical exploration of space during the 20th century with the advent of high-altitude balloon flights, followed by manned rocket launches. Earth orbit was first achieved by Yuri Gagarin of the Soviet Union in 1961 and unmanned spacecraft have since reached all of the known planets in the Solar System. Due to the high cost of getting into space, manned spaceflight has been limited to low Earth orbit and the Moon.Outer space represents a challenging environment for human exploration because of the dual hazards of vacuum and radiation. Microgravity also has a negative effect on human physiology that causes both muscle atrophy and bone loss. In addition to these health and environmental issues, the economic cost of putting objects, including humans, into space is high.