Enhancement of natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity by fever
... examined the effects of thermal stress on human NK cell cytotoxic activity, use of temperatures significantly above fever-range (i.e., ⬎42°C or 107°F) was found to generally inhibit NK cytotoxicity [17–20], and more mild elevations in temperature (i.e., more similar to fever-range) have been associa ...
... examined the effects of thermal stress on human NK cell cytotoxic activity, use of temperatures significantly above fever-range (i.e., ⬎42°C or 107°F) was found to generally inhibit NK cytotoxicity [17–20], and more mild elevations in temperature (i.e., more similar to fever-range) have been associa ...
Modeling and Simulation of the Innate Immune System
... not act directly on extracellular bacterial invaders. They can act on host cells that have been invaded by intracellular bacteria. They also act on cancer cells and host cells that harbor various types of viruses. The signal which activates NK cells to attack is a deficiency of MHC on the surface of ...
... not act directly on extracellular bacterial invaders. They can act on host cells that have been invaded by intracellular bacteria. They also act on cancer cells and host cells that harbor various types of viruses. The signal which activates NK cells to attack is a deficiency of MHC on the surface of ...
Th9 Cells: A Novel CD4 T-cell Subset in the Immune War against
... system in the development of cancer or tumor growth is clearly established. CD4 helper T cells are key elements of the adaptive immune response, and are known to differentiate from a na€ve population into helper memory populations after stimulation by T-cell receptor (TCR) triggering by the cognate ...
... system in the development of cancer or tumor growth is clearly established. CD4 helper T cells are key elements of the adaptive immune response, and are known to differentiate from a na€ve population into helper memory populations after stimulation by T-cell receptor (TCR) triggering by the cognate ...
Mouse Cytomegalovirus infection overrules T Open Access
... the relationship between Tregs and NK cells, we investigated the effect of Treg depletion on NK cells during acute MCMV infection. We found that under homeostatic conditions, DEREG mice that were depleted of Tregs showed significantly higher frequencies of NK cells with comparable NK cell number aft ...
... the relationship between Tregs and NK cells, we investigated the effect of Treg depletion on NK cells during acute MCMV infection. We found that under homeostatic conditions, DEREG mice that were depleted of Tregs showed significantly higher frequencies of NK cells with comparable NK cell number aft ...
Manifestation of ulcerative lichen planus and
... ratio ranged approximately from 1 to 3 and greater, being consistent with inflammation of periradicular tissues. The final differentiation of B lymphocytes to plasma cells was also detected, whilst natural killer (NK) cells were found in only 10 cases (22%). Moreover, antigen presenting cells and T ...
... ratio ranged approximately from 1 to 3 and greater, being consistent with inflammation of periradicular tissues. The final differentiation of B lymphocytes to plasma cells was also detected, whilst natural killer (NK) cells were found in only 10 cases (22%). Moreover, antigen presenting cells and T ...
The Immune System - e-Publications@Marquette
... and more rapid. This secondary response is called memory or anamnestic response. Generally speaking, the white blood cells are responsible for immune responses; granulocytes (neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils), monocytes and their tissue counterparts macrophages are involved in innate immunity ...
... and more rapid. This secondary response is called memory or anamnestic response. Generally speaking, the white blood cells are responsible for immune responses; granulocytes (neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils), monocytes and their tissue counterparts macrophages are involved in innate immunity ...
Role of Antigen-Presenting Cells in Innate Immune System
... Upon maturation, they lose their ability to capture and process antigens, but, instead, they express high levels of MHC class II molecules loaded with antigenic peptides and costimulatory molecules, such as CD40, CD80, and CD86. Consequently, naive T cells are activated by recognizing peptide/MHC co ...
... Upon maturation, they lose their ability to capture and process antigens, but, instead, they express high levels of MHC class II molecules loaded with antigenic peptides and costimulatory molecules, such as CD40, CD80, and CD86. Consequently, naive T cells are activated by recognizing peptide/MHC co ...
neuroimmunology - Dr. Amr Hasan Neurology Clinic
... There are three class I loci (HLA-A, B and C). Each locus is highly polymorphic i.e. a single HLA locus contains one of many possible alleles( Alleles: variants of a single genetic locus) The various possible alleles are given consecutive numbers, e.g. HLA- A1, HLA-A2, etc. ...
... There are three class I loci (HLA-A, B and C). Each locus is highly polymorphic i.e. a single HLA locus contains one of many possible alleles( Alleles: variants of a single genetic locus) The various possible alleles are given consecutive numbers, e.g. HLA- A1, HLA-A2, etc. ...
FasL on human nucleus pulposus cells prevents angiogenesis in
... Many pieces of evidence identify the expression of FasL on NP cells [17, 22, 23]. As one of the most important pathways of apoptosis, Fas-FasL caspases signaling pathway could result in the recruitment and activation of several key proteins and caspases, the chief of which are Fas-associated death d ...
... Many pieces of evidence identify the expression of FasL on NP cells [17, 22, 23]. As one of the most important pathways of apoptosis, Fas-FasL caspases signaling pathway could result in the recruitment and activation of several key proteins and caspases, the chief of which are Fas-associated death d ...
Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV)
... leads to the production of inflammatory cytokines, such as type 1 interferons (IFN), tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). These inflammatory cytokines can recruit and activate phagocytic cells, such as dendritic cells, which can engulf HCMV-infected cells. Natural killer (N ...
... leads to the production of inflammatory cytokines, such as type 1 interferons (IFN), tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). These inflammatory cytokines can recruit and activate phagocytic cells, such as dendritic cells, which can engulf HCMV-infected cells. Natural killer (N ...
Virus-Infected Liver of Virus-Specific Cytotoxic T Cells in the Fas
... CTLs able to respond to adenovirus Ags disappear after virus infection Injection of adenovirus constructs coding for the lacZ gene (adeno lacZ) into the tail vein of mice results in infection and viral gene expression in the liver (8, 9). This in turn triggers an immune response that is reflected in ...
... CTLs able to respond to adenovirus Ags disappear after virus infection Injection of adenovirus constructs coding for the lacZ gene (adeno lacZ) into the tail vein of mice results in infection and viral gene expression in the liver (8, 9). This in turn triggers an immune response that is reflected in ...
Sex hormone modulation of human uterine epithelial cell immune
... that detect pathogens and secrete a number of constitutive and induced factors that directly or indirectly hinder infection. For example, uterine epithelial cells secrete peptides that destroy pathogenic microbes. In addition, epithelial cells produce chemokines and cytokines that attract and activa ...
... that detect pathogens and secrete a number of constitutive and induced factors that directly or indirectly hinder infection. For example, uterine epithelial cells secrete peptides that destroy pathogenic microbes. In addition, epithelial cells produce chemokines and cytokines that attract and activa ...
Catabolic Cytokine Expressions in Patients with Degenerative Disc
... antigen presenting cells (APCs) that present antigens to CD4+ and CD8+ with the cooperation of the presenting peptides by the major histocompatibility complex-I (MHC-I) and –II, respectively. The recognition of the antigen is related to the type of receptors on the Th cells [T cell receptor (TCR), C ...
... antigen presenting cells (APCs) that present antigens to CD4+ and CD8+ with the cooperation of the presenting peptides by the major histocompatibility complex-I (MHC-I) and –II, respectively. The recognition of the antigen is related to the type of receptors on the Th cells [T cell receptor (TCR), C ...
Granuloma cells in chronic inflammation express CD205 (DEC205
... alveolitis, sarcoid-like reaction in patient with bile duct adenocarcinoma, granulomatous dermatitis (cause unidentified), granulomatous pleuritis (cause unidentified) and granulomatous inflammation of the lung associated with lung cancer (cause unidentified). In patients with non-malignant diseases ...
... alveolitis, sarcoid-like reaction in patient with bile duct adenocarcinoma, granulomatous dermatitis (cause unidentified), granulomatous pleuritis (cause unidentified) and granulomatous inflammation of the lung associated with lung cancer (cause unidentified). In patients with non-malignant diseases ...
Relative Contributions of NK and CD8 T
... CD8 T cells are actively secreting IFN-␥ as early as day 1 postinfection with LM. To show that the IFN-␥ that is produced by the transferred OT-I T cells is indeed the effector molecule responsible for the protection from the LM infection, we used IFN-␥R⫺/⫺ mice as recipients for the transfer of mem ...
... CD8 T cells are actively secreting IFN-␥ as early as day 1 postinfection with LM. To show that the IFN-␥ that is produced by the transferred OT-I T cells is indeed the effector molecule responsible for the protection from the LM infection, we used IFN-␥R⫺/⫺ mice as recipients for the transfer of mem ...
Surfactant protein D enhances bacterial antigen - AJP-Lung
... cells found at all sites of antigen exposure, including the nasal mucosa, airway epithelium, lung parenchyma, and alveolar surface (37). With an inflammatory stimulus such as bacterial exposure, the number of DCs at these sites greatly increases (19, 38). Like other peripheral DCs, DCs isolated from ...
... cells found at all sites of antigen exposure, including the nasal mucosa, airway epithelium, lung parenchyma, and alveolar surface (37). With an inflammatory stimulus such as bacterial exposure, the number of DCs at these sites greatly increases (19, 38). Like other peripheral DCs, DCs isolated from ...
Latent Infection with Cytomegalovirus Is Associated with Poor
... T cell responses to different Ags were tested as described previously (22). Briefly, PBMCs were thawed and allowed to rest for 8 h in X-Vivo 15 medium (Cambrex) at 1 3 106/ml at 37˚C. Cells were then stimulated with overlapping peptides covering the whole sequence of MP and/or NP (cohort 1/cohort 2, ...
... T cell responses to different Ags were tested as described previously (22). Briefly, PBMCs were thawed and allowed to rest for 8 h in X-Vivo 15 medium (Cambrex) at 1 3 106/ml at 37˚C. Cells were then stimulated with overlapping peptides covering the whole sequence of MP and/or NP (cohort 1/cohort 2, ...
Glial Cells: The Other Cells of the Nervous System
... milieu produced can cause membrane and DNA damage in the oligodendrocytes and disruption of metabolic processes. Myelin formation and genes involved in myelination are inhibited. Functional devastation in the brain in injury is often not due to neuronal death alone but due to uncontrolled demyelinat ...
... milieu produced can cause membrane and DNA damage in the oligodendrocytes and disruption of metabolic processes. Myelin formation and genes involved in myelination are inhibited. Functional devastation in the brain in injury is often not due to neuronal death alone but due to uncontrolled demyelinat ...
Differentiation of memory B and T cells
... to MBCs, TCM cells are concentrated in secondary lymphoid tissues and have little or no effector functions. Moreover, they both possess stem cell like qualities of self-renewal and respond to antigen by rapidly dividing and differentiating into effector cells. TEM cells, by contrast, can migrate to ...
... to MBCs, TCM cells are concentrated in secondary lymphoid tissues and have little or no effector functions. Moreover, they both possess stem cell like qualities of self-renewal and respond to antigen by rapidly dividing and differentiating into effector cells. TEM cells, by contrast, can migrate to ...
T cell
T cells or T lymphocytes are a type of lymphocyte (in turn, a type of white blood cell) that plays a central role in cell-mediated immunity. They can be distinguished from other lymphocytes, such as B cells and natural killer cells (NK cells), by the presence of a T-cell receptor (TCR) on the cell surface. They are called T cells because they mature in the thymus (although some also mature in the tonsils). The several subsets of T cells each have a distinct function. The majority of human T cells rearrange their alpha/beta T cell receptors and are termed alpha beta T cells and are part of adaptive immune system. Specialized gamma delta T cells, which comprise a minority of T cells in the human body (more frequent in ruminants), have invariant TCR (with limited diversity), can effectively present antigens to other T cells and are considered to be part of the innate immune system.