Radial glial cells as neuronal precursors
... confirmed that the neuronal cells had arisen from dividing precursor cells by addition of 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine (BrdU), a DNA-base analogue that is incorporated into the DNA of dividing cells (Nowakowski et al., 1989), to the culture medium (Fig. 3B). Thus, despite their astroglial expression patt ...
... confirmed that the neuronal cells had arisen from dividing precursor cells by addition of 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine (BrdU), a DNA-base analogue that is incorporated into the DNA of dividing cells (Nowakowski et al., 1989), to the culture medium (Fig. 3B). Thus, despite their astroglial expression patt ...
PDF
... cell bodies are located on the dorsal surface of the developing ganglion and are framed by the anterior and posterior commissures and the longitudinal axonal pathways (Fig. 3). The MP3 progeny have a distinctive size and appearance, and no other neuronal cell bodies lie near them on the dorsal surfa ...
... cell bodies are located on the dorsal surface of the developing ganglion and are framed by the anterior and posterior commissures and the longitudinal axonal pathways (Fig. 3). The MP3 progeny have a distinctive size and appearance, and no other neuronal cell bodies lie near them on the dorsal surfa ...
The Elementary Nervous System Revisited1
... electrical and dye-coupling were demonstrated and the pathways were identified as gap junctions.) These and similar findings prompted Horridge (1968a) and Mackie (1970) to propose that nerves evolved from tissues whose cells were already connected by pathways serving for metabolic exchange and elect ...
... electrical and dye-coupling were demonstrated and the pathways were identified as gap junctions.) These and similar findings prompted Horridge (1968a) and Mackie (1970) to propose that nerves evolved from tissues whose cells were already connected by pathways serving for metabolic exchange and elect ...
Primate Globus Pallidus and Subthalamic Nucleus: Functional
... movements. Of the neurons whose activity movements were distributed over the entire was related to arm movements, 26, 16, and rostrocaudal extent of the nucleus, where 2 1% in GPe, GPi, and STN, respectively, they generally occupied the ventrolateral redischarged in relation to movements of distal g ...
... movements. Of the neurons whose activity movements were distributed over the entire was related to arm movements, 26, 16, and rostrocaudal extent of the nucleus, where 2 1% in GPe, GPi, and STN, respectively, they generally occupied the ventrolateral redischarged in relation to movements of distal g ...
Nervous system Lab - Sonoma Valley High School
... twice as many neurons as you have now. The die-off of neurons occurs early in life, and with more room, the remaining neurons make many connections with other existing neurons. The degree of interconnectedness apparently determines our intelligence and memory. It is estimated that the human brain co ...
... twice as many neurons as you have now. The die-off of neurons occurs early in life, and with more room, the remaining neurons make many connections with other existing neurons. The degree of interconnectedness apparently determines our intelligence and memory. It is estimated that the human brain co ...
Control of neuronal cell fate and number by
... of fundamental importance during nervous system development, it is not well recognized, let alone well understood at the molecular genetic level. The Drosophila ventral nerve cord (VNC) is derived from a set of neural progenitor cells, termed neuroblasts (NBs), generated in the early embryo (Doe and ...
... of fundamental importance during nervous system development, it is not well recognized, let alone well understood at the molecular genetic level. The Drosophila ventral nerve cord (VNC) is derived from a set of neural progenitor cells, termed neuroblasts (NBs), generated in the early embryo (Doe and ...
An oscillation-based model for the neuronal basis
... We are here not concerned with a detailed, biophysitally plausible, mechanism by which this periodic modulation is forced upon the Vl neurons; this could be implemented, for instance, by oscillatory subthreshold input to the Vl neurons. The inferior pulvinar projects onto processes in the superficia ...
... We are here not concerned with a detailed, biophysitally plausible, mechanism by which this periodic modulation is forced upon the Vl neurons; this could be implemented, for instance, by oscillatory subthreshold input to the Vl neurons. The inferior pulvinar projects onto processes in the superficia ...
evolution of the first nervous systems ii
... Whitney Laboratory for Marine Bioscience, University of Florida The conspicuous body plan of ctenophores (comb jellies) simultaneously makes these animals very easy to identify as ctenophores, and very difficult to classify in relation to other animals. Early phylogenetic studies based on gene seque ...
... Whitney Laboratory for Marine Bioscience, University of Florida The conspicuous body plan of ctenophores (comb jellies) simultaneously makes these animals very easy to identify as ctenophores, and very difficult to classify in relation to other animals. Early phylogenetic studies based on gene seque ...
Evolution of Specialized Pyramidal Neurons in
... 1993, 1997; Zeki, 1993]. Every attempt was made to sample tissue consistently from only the right hemisphere. In the available materials, however, this could only be ensured for the anthropoids in the sample. Nonetheless, in light of evidence that neuronal sizes in area 4 [Hayes and Lewis, 1995] and ...
... 1993, 1997; Zeki, 1993]. Every attempt was made to sample tissue consistently from only the right hemisphere. In the available materials, however, this could only be ensured for the anthropoids in the sample. Nonetheless, in light of evidence that neuronal sizes in area 4 [Hayes and Lewis, 1995] and ...
Laminar Differences in Dendritic Structure of Pyramidal Neurons in
... participate in are likely to be characterized by different functional capabilities. Structural differences between cortical layers have been traditionally reported using either the Golgi method or intracellular labeling, but the structure of pyramidal cells has not previously been systematically ana ...
... participate in are likely to be characterized by different functional capabilities. Structural differences between cortical layers have been traditionally reported using either the Golgi method or intracellular labeling, but the structure of pyramidal cells has not previously been systematically ana ...
Survival of some photoreceptor cells in albino rats following
... the retinal capillaries in animals with the longer exposure. These features have been described previously14; the only exception was that no anastomoses of retinal and choroidal vessels were "Note that because so few surviving cells were present at later intervals, cell counts are expressed as numbe ...
... the retinal capillaries in animals with the longer exposure. These features have been described previously14; the only exception was that no anastomoses of retinal and choroidal vessels were "Note that because so few surviving cells were present at later intervals, cell counts are expressed as numbe ...
The Languages of Neurons: An Analysis of Coding Mechanisms by
... While information processing in the brain is highly complex, each neuron uses a simple code mechanism for transmitting information. This is in the form of temporal electrophysiological action potentials or spikes (S) of about a 1 millisecond (ms) duration that, along with pauses (P) between spikes c ...
... While information processing in the brain is highly complex, each neuron uses a simple code mechanism for transmitting information. This is in the form of temporal electrophysiological action potentials or spikes (S) of about a 1 millisecond (ms) duration that, along with pauses (P) between spikes c ...
Chapter 7 The Nervous System - Mrs. heninger
... Nerve fibers that carry impulses away from the central nervous system to organs, muscles, & glands. The impulses “effect” (bring about) a motor response. ...
... Nerve fibers that carry impulses away from the central nervous system to organs, muscles, & glands. The impulses “effect” (bring about) a motor response. ...
Review Handout
... Neurons are larger on average than in autonomic ganglia Nucleus tends to be centrally placed within the neuron Satellite cells form an almost complete single layer ...
... Neurons are larger on average than in autonomic ganglia Nucleus tends to be centrally placed within the neuron Satellite cells form an almost complete single layer ...
Loss of autophagy in the central nervous system causes
... mechanisms of these disorders by focusing on the interplay between proteolytic stress and neural cell death17,18. Increasing evidence indicates that ubiquitin-positive inclusion bodies—the pathological hallmark of various neurodegenerative diseases—are formed by dysfunction of proteasome degrading m ...
... mechanisms of these disorders by focusing on the interplay between proteolytic stress and neural cell death17,18. Increasing evidence indicates that ubiquitin-positive inclusion bodies—the pathological hallmark of various neurodegenerative diseases—are formed by dysfunction of proteasome degrading m ...
5. the architecture of the visual cortex
... is folded under in a complicated way, but these two parts are actually continuous. The lightly stained substance is white matter; it lies under the part of the cortex that is exposed to the surface, separating it from the buried fold of cortex, and consists mainly of myelinated nerve fibers, which d ...
... is folded under in a complicated way, but these two parts are actually continuous. The lightly stained substance is white matter; it lies under the part of the cortex that is exposed to the surface, separating it from the buried fold of cortex, and consists mainly of myelinated nerve fibers, which d ...
nips2.frame - /marty/papers/drotdil
... pattern rotation and dilation, but only for particular pattern translations (MT neurons will of course respond to a part of a large rotation or dilation that locally approximates the unit’s translational directional tuning). MT neurons in the present model do not develop this selectivity even when t ...
... pattern rotation and dilation, but only for particular pattern translations (MT neurons will of course respond to a part of a large rotation or dilation that locally approximates the unit’s translational directional tuning). MT neurons in the present model do not develop this selectivity even when t ...
CURRICULUM VITAE - Boston Retinal Implant Project
... The research of my laboratory has been focused on the study of mechanisms that control neural differentiation, growth, and regeneration in the mammalian central nervous system (CNS). Elucidating the mechanisms regulating these processes is not only fundamental for our understanding of neural develop ...
... The research of my laboratory has been focused on the study of mechanisms that control neural differentiation, growth, and regeneration in the mammalian central nervous system (CNS). Elucidating the mechanisms regulating these processes is not only fundamental for our understanding of neural develop ...
Physiological Subgroups of Nonpyramidal Cells with Specific
... These observations suggest that GABAergic nonpyramidal cells in neocortex can be divided into several functional groups on the basis of firing modes, axonal distributions, and chemical properties. The present study attempts to extend those previous results to the upper layers, where nonpyramidal cel ...
... These observations suggest that GABAergic nonpyramidal cells in neocortex can be divided into several functional groups on the basis of firing modes, axonal distributions, and chemical properties. The present study attempts to extend those previous results to the upper layers, where nonpyramidal cel ...
physiological organization of layer 4 in macaque striate cortex
... lenses so that they were centered over the optical axis of each eye. At the beginning of each penetration we used a handheld projector to map receptive filed positions for each eye. We then adjusted the position of the animal’s head relative to a color video monitor4 such that each eye’s visual rece ...
... lenses so that they were centered over the optical axis of each eye. At the beginning of each penetration we used a handheld projector to map receptive filed positions for each eye. We then adjusted the position of the animal’s head relative to a color video monitor4 such that each eye’s visual rece ...
Anatomical and Neurochemical Definition of the Nucleus of the Stria
... outlines the whole POM throughout its entire rostral-tocaudal extent (Viglietti-Panzica et al., 1994). VT-ir neurons are found in a periventricular position, lining the ependymal wall of the third ventricle, close to the pial surface of the preoptic area and in the nucleus paraventricularis. They ar ...
... outlines the whole POM throughout its entire rostral-tocaudal extent (Viglietti-Panzica et al., 1994). VT-ir neurons are found in a periventricular position, lining the ependymal wall of the third ventricle, close to the pial surface of the preoptic area and in the nucleus paraventricularis. They ar ...
Schwann Cells Stimulated to Proliferate in the Absence of Neurons
... 10PM forskolin wastoxic. A mixture of 1O-20 &ml of pituitary extract and a nonmitogenic concentration of forskolin (2 PM) had a synergistic effect on thymidine uptake into nuclei after 3 d. While GGF alone induced a 12-15fold stimulation of 3Hthymidine, and forskolin provided a 0-3-fold stimulation, ...
... 10PM forskolin wastoxic. A mixture of 1O-20 &ml of pituitary extract and a nonmitogenic concentration of forskolin (2 PM) had a synergistic effect on thymidine uptake into nuclei after 3 d. While GGF alone induced a 12-15fold stimulation of 3Hthymidine, and forskolin provided a 0-3-fold stimulation, ...
A novel brain receptor is expressed in a distinct population of
... employed which allowed a coexpression of histological markers together with the receptor and thus visualization of the appropriate cell population. It was found that the receptor-expressing cells were located very close to the basal membrane of the epithelium; however, the cells extended a dendritic ...
... employed which allowed a coexpression of histological markers together with the receptor and thus visualization of the appropriate cell population. It was found that the receptor-expressing cells were located very close to the basal membrane of the epithelium; however, the cells extended a dendritic ...
Neuronal Activity in the Hippocampus During Delayed Non
... was made within 5 seconds of odor onset, the odor and the house lights were turned off simultaneously and the delay began. Correct responses were followed by a 3-second delay: incorrect responses were followed by a 7-second delay and, after the incorrect responses on match trials, a correction trial ...
... was made within 5 seconds of odor onset, the odor and the house lights were turned off simultaneously and the delay began. Correct responses were followed by a 3-second delay: incorrect responses were followed by a 7-second delay and, after the incorrect responses on match trials, a correction trial ...
Subventricular zone
The subventricular zone (SVZ) is a paired brain structure situated throughout the lateral walls of the lateral ventricles. It is composed of four distinct layers of variable thickness and cell density, as well as cellular composition. Along with the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, the SVZ is one of two places where neurogenesis has been found to occur in the adult mammalian brain.