VNTR, STR and RFLP
... – Occurs when a pattern of TWO or more nucleotides are repeated and the repeated sequences are adjacent to each other. – Pattern can range in length from 2 to 10 bp – Typically in non-coding intron region – Count how many repeats of a specific STR at a given locus can create unique genetic profile – ...
... – Occurs when a pattern of TWO or more nucleotides are repeated and the repeated sequences are adjacent to each other. – Pattern can range in length from 2 to 10 bp – Typically in non-coding intron region – Count how many repeats of a specific STR at a given locus can create unique genetic profile – ...
introduction: themes in the study of life.
... • DNA: Made of nucleotides that linearly encode information in a gene • Inheritance is based on a complex mechanism for copying DNA, passing the information encoded in DNA from parent to offspring • Similar nucleotide sequences convey the same information to one organism as it does in another – Diff ...
... • DNA: Made of nucleotides that linearly encode information in a gene • Inheritance is based on a complex mechanism for copying DNA, passing the information encoded in DNA from parent to offspring • Similar nucleotide sequences convey the same information to one organism as it does in another – Diff ...
Document
... RNA polymerase recognizes signals for chain termination. (1) Intrinsic: Termination site on template DNA consists of GC-rich sequences followed by A’s. Intramolecular hydrogen bonding causes formation of hairpin loop. ...
... RNA polymerase recognizes signals for chain termination. (1) Intrinsic: Termination site on template DNA consists of GC-rich sequences followed by A’s. Intramolecular hydrogen bonding causes formation of hairpin loop. ...
Mistakes Happen
... Other types of Mutations: - Nonsense Mutation: If a point mutation or frameshift leads to a pre-mature stop codon, the protein will end before it should. This protein will end up shortened, or truncated. This is called a nonsense mutation. - Silent Mutation: If a point mutation changes a codon to an ...
... Other types of Mutations: - Nonsense Mutation: If a point mutation or frameshift leads to a pre-mature stop codon, the protein will end before it should. This protein will end up shortened, or truncated. This is called a nonsense mutation. - Silent Mutation: If a point mutation changes a codon to an ...
Timeline
... disease” resulting from a mutation in the protein molecule hemoglobin. Artificial insemination of livestock using frozen semen is accomplished. The scientific journal Nature publishes James Watson and Francis Crick’s manuscript describing the double helical structure of DNA, which marks the beginnin ...
... disease” resulting from a mutation in the protein molecule hemoglobin. Artificial insemination of livestock using frozen semen is accomplished. The scientific journal Nature publishes James Watson and Francis Crick’s manuscript describing the double helical structure of DNA, which marks the beginnin ...
Biology/Life Science CST - Standardized Testing and Reporting (CA
... Peppered MothsCharles Darwin accumulated a tremendous collection of facts to support the theory of evolution by natural selection. One of his difficulties in demonstrating the theory, however, was the lack of an example of evolution over a short period of time, which could be observed as it was taki ...
... Peppered MothsCharles Darwin accumulated a tremendous collection of facts to support the theory of evolution by natural selection. One of his difficulties in demonstrating the theory, however, was the lack of an example of evolution over a short period of time, which could be observed as it was taki ...
Control of skin cancer by the circadian rhythm
... complementation group A) • 31 kDa metalloprotein • Minimal DNA-binding domain ...
... complementation group A) • 31 kDa metalloprotein • Minimal DNA-binding domain ...
DNA : The Genetic Material
... DNA as the genetic material • Hershey and Chase labeled the virus DNA with a radioactive isotope and the virus protein with a different isotope. • By following the infection of bacterial cells by the labeled viruses, they demonstrated that DNA, rather than protein, entered the cells and caused the ...
... DNA as the genetic material • Hershey and Chase labeled the virus DNA with a radioactive isotope and the virus protein with a different isotope. • By following the infection of bacterial cells by the labeled viruses, they demonstrated that DNA, rather than protein, entered the cells and caused the ...
Genomics and Behavior “Central Dogma” Outline
... nucleus to the ribosome • Protein synthesis takes place based on the genetic code • A three base codon codes for an amino acid ...
... nucleus to the ribosome • Protein synthesis takes place based on the genetic code • A three base codon codes for an amino acid ...
SBI 4UW DNA Barcoding Assignment 2014 / 50 marks
... [4 marks for each species = 8 total] References should be used for these answers. [1] 9. Explain if the wolf (Canis lupus) and the domestic dog (Canis familiaris) are possibly the same species. Provide concrete evidence in the answer from the BOLD systems. Complete this answer below. [3] ...
... [4 marks for each species = 8 total] References should be used for these answers. [1] 9. Explain if the wolf (Canis lupus) and the domestic dog (Canis familiaris) are possibly the same species. Provide concrete evidence in the answer from the BOLD systems. Complete this answer below. [3] ...
Lab Report Template, Rubric, and Standards
... c. Students know how mutations in the DNA sequence of a gene may or may not affect the expression of the gene or the sequence of amino acids in an encoded protein. 5. The genetic composition of cells can be altered by incorporation of exogenous DNA into the cells. As a basis for understanding this c ...
... c. Students know how mutations in the DNA sequence of a gene may or may not affect the expression of the gene or the sequence of amino acids in an encoded protein. 5. The genetic composition of cells can be altered by incorporation of exogenous DNA into the cells. As a basis for understanding this c ...
Genes
... 3. RNA leaves the nucleus & carries the message into the cytoplasm 4. RNA attaches to a ribosome 5. Code is “read” & “translated” into amino acids 6. The correct order of amino acids are brought to ribosome. 7. Amino acids join up = PROTEIN ...
... 3. RNA leaves the nucleus & carries the message into the cytoplasm 4. RNA attaches to a ribosome 5. Code is “read” & “translated” into amino acids 6. The correct order of amino acids are brought to ribosome. 7. Amino acids join up = PROTEIN ...
BFP401
... introducing foreign DNA fragments into host cells so that certain functions specific to the 5 foreign DNA can be carried out within them. Enzyme immobilisation is a technique which is used to chemically bind enzymes to certain substances so that they are not lost in a single chemical reaction but ca ...
... introducing foreign DNA fragments into host cells so that certain functions specific to the 5 foreign DNA can be carried out within them. Enzyme immobilisation is a technique which is used to chemically bind enzymes to certain substances so that they are not lost in a single chemical reaction but ca ...
Unit review questions
... 18. Write the 2 genotypes for a purple flower. 19. Write the genotype for a white flower. 20. What is the difference in a homozygous and a heterozygous genotype? 21. What is probability & tell 3 ways they can be expressed. 22. What is the probability that you will get "heads" each time you flip a co ...
... 18. Write the 2 genotypes for a purple flower. 19. Write the genotype for a white flower. 20. What is the difference in a homozygous and a heterozygous genotype? 21. What is probability & tell 3 ways they can be expressed. 22. What is the probability that you will get "heads" each time you flip a co ...
Mutations
... Remember the importance of position of the mutation • Mutations with no amino acid change – Synonymous codons in Genetic Code ...
... Remember the importance of position of the mutation • Mutations with no amino acid change – Synonymous codons in Genetic Code ...
From Gene to Protein
... treated as exons during RNA splicing, called alternative RNA splicing. Because of alternative splicing, the number of different proteins an organism can produce is much greater than its number of genes. Proteins often have a modular architecture consisting of discrete regions called domains. In many ...
... treated as exons during RNA splicing, called alternative RNA splicing. Because of alternative splicing, the number of different proteins an organism can produce is much greater than its number of genes. Proteins often have a modular architecture consisting of discrete regions called domains. In many ...
Life Substances
... Define amino acids. How many amino acids are there? What makes one amino acid different from another? What do they look like? How are amino acids linked together? Define peptide bond What determines the kind of protein you have? Are hydrogen bonds part of the construction of proteins? Define enzyme. ...
... Define amino acids. How many amino acids are there? What makes one amino acid different from another? What do they look like? How are amino acids linked together? Define peptide bond What determines the kind of protein you have? Are hydrogen bonds part of the construction of proteins? Define enzyme. ...
Decoding DNA - Children`s Medical Research Institute
... messages embedded in the bracelets and necklaces they are making in craft classes. The bracelets and necklaces are made of sequences of square tiles. The Principal has asked if we could use thetemplates of the bracelet designs that the police have provided, to work out what the coded message is. But ...
... messages embedded in the bracelets and necklaces they are making in craft classes. The bracelets and necklaces are made of sequences of square tiles. The Principal has asked if we could use thetemplates of the bracelet designs that the police have provided, to work out what the coded message is. But ...
Chapter 12
... With their small size and so many of them, they are able to change at a much greater ...
... With their small size and so many of them, they are able to change at a much greater ...
DNA Replication - Gadjah Mada University
... Beadle and Tatum (1941) showed in the fungus Neurospora crassa that there is a relationship between a gene and each enzyme needed in a biochemical pathway, resulting in the one geneone enzyme hypothesis (now modified to one gene-one polypeptide, since not all proteins are enzymes and some require mo ...
... Beadle and Tatum (1941) showed in the fungus Neurospora crassa that there is a relationship between a gene and each enzyme needed in a biochemical pathway, resulting in the one geneone enzyme hypothesis (now modified to one gene-one polypeptide, since not all proteins are enzymes and some require mo ...
Slides
... • Only certain bases can bond (A—T and C—G) • One strand determines base sequence of other strand ...
... • Only certain bases can bond (A—T and C—G) • One strand determines base sequence of other strand ...
Human Mitochondrial DNA
... recipient (host) cell for growth and replication Scientists begin this process by fusing two different sets of DNA together creating a molecule of recombinant DNA or rDNA. This particular molecule is the product of the gene of interest (the desired gene) and another source of plasmid DNA coming toge ...
... recipient (host) cell for growth and replication Scientists begin this process by fusing two different sets of DNA together creating a molecule of recombinant DNA or rDNA. This particular molecule is the product of the gene of interest (the desired gene) and another source of plasmid DNA coming toge ...
DNA TECHNOLOGY - Mount Mansfield Union High School
... • 1972- First animal born from frozen embryo • 1973- First use of restriction enzymes to insert DNA into a plasmid and make many copies of the DNA. • 1977-Walter Gilbert and Frederick Sanger worked out methods to determine the sequence of bases in ...
... • 1972- First animal born from frozen embryo • 1973- First use of restriction enzymes to insert DNA into a plasmid and make many copies of the DNA. • 1977-Walter Gilbert and Frederick Sanger worked out methods to determine the sequence of bases in ...
Deoxyribozyme
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Deoxyribozymes, also called DNA enzymes, DNAzymes, or catalytic DNA, are DNA oligonucleotides that are capable of catalyzing specific chemical reactions, similar to the action of other biological enzymes, such as proteins or ribozymes (enzymes composed of RNA).However, in contrast to the abundance of protein enzymes in biological systems and the discovery of biological ribozymes in the 1980s,there are no known naturally occurring deoxyribozymes.Deoxyribozymes should not be confused with DNA aptamers which are oligonucleotides that selectively bind a target ligand, but do not catalyze a subsequent chemical reaction.With the exception of ribozymes, nucleic acid molecules within cells primarily serve as storage of genetic information due to its ability to form complementary base pairs, which allows for high-fidelity copying and transfer of genetic information. In contrast, nucleic acid molecules are more limited in their catalytic ability, in comparison to protein enzymes, to just three types of interactions: hydrogen bonding, pi stacking, and metal-ion coordination. This is due to the limited number of functional groups of the nucleic acid monomers: while proteins are built from up to twenty different amino acids with various functional groups, nucleic acids are built from just four chemically similar nucleobases. In addition, DNA lacks the 2'-hydroxyl group found in RNA which limits the catalytic competency of deoxyribozymes even in comparison to ribozymes.In addition to the inherent inferiority of DNA catalytic activity, the apparent lack of naturally occurring deoxyribozymes may also be due to the primarily double-stranded conformation of DNA in biological systems which would limit its physical flexibility and ability to form tertiary structures, and so would drastically limit the ability of double-stranded DNA to act as a catalyst; though there are a few known instances of biological single-stranded DNA such as multicopy single-stranded DNA (msDNA), certain viral genomes, and the replication fork formed during DNA replication. Further structural differences between DNA and RNA may also play a role in the lack of biological deoxyribozymes, such as the additional methyl group of the DNA base thymidine compared to the RNA base uracil or the tendency of DNA to adopt the B-form helix while RNA tends to adopt the A-form helix. However, it has also been shown that DNA can form structures that RNA cannot, which suggests that, though there are differences in structures that each can form, neither is inherently more or less catalytic due to their possible structural motifs.