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Cloning and characterization of the
Cloning and characterization of the

... we cloned. Starting at position 40, the cDNA contains a complete 1605 bp long ORF that codes for a 534 amino acid long polypeptide (EMBL ID/accession no. SPO251329/AJ251329). This protein was named spPus1p (for S.pombe pseudouridine synthase 1), because of its sequence homology to two previously cha ...
arsenic life
arsenic life

... Here are some of the highlights of Rosie’s critique of the paper’s methodologies and conclusions: A. Felisa’s team claims that the cells grown in a medium with no added phosphate or arsenate failed to grow. A closer inspection of the data shows this to be inaccurate; the cells did grow, albeit more ...
Acetate kinase from CIostridiurn acetobutylicurn : a highly specific
Acetate kinase from CIostridiurn acetobutylicurn : a highly specific

... Method (ii): A standard reaction mixture ( 0 5 ml) contained (final concentrations): 80 mM imidazole/HCl buffer (pH 7.3), 1.5 mM phosphoenolpyruvate, 10 mM ATP, 20 mM MgCl,, 0.56 mM NADH, 40 pg pyruvate kinase, 20 pg lactate dehydrogenase, 4 U myokinase (all enzymes from Boehringer Mannheim). The re ...
Topic 3: Mutation (mostly) and recombination
Topic 3: Mutation (mostly) and recombination

... transversional substitution has occurred. This class of point mutation applies to all types of nucleotide sequences, coding and non-coding. 2. Synonymous and nonsynonymous: If a mutation occurs in a protein-coding region then they are classified according to its effect on the protein product of the ...
Page 1 Heredity (1977), 39 (3), 373
Page 1 Heredity (1977), 39 (3), 373

... to the experimental value of 00l79. The results were insensitive to small changes in the recombination frequency. A one-tail test is appropriate since the alternative to the null hypothesis is that stabilising selection will have reduced the variance of allele frequencies. The observed variance is t ...
Interaction of Sesbania Mosaic Virus Movement Protein
Interaction of Sesbania Mosaic Virus Movement Protein

... many proteins of viral and host origin [2]. A number of RNA viruses have been identified which require an MP and two or more additional proteins for effective cell-to-cell spread of their genetic material. For example, in the case of potyviruses, the coat protein (CP), an RNA helicase (CI), and a he ...
Current Second Tier and Future Applications of Gene Sequencing in
Current Second Tier and Future Applications of Gene Sequencing in

... http://www.labrecyclers.com/product.html?InventoryID=2301 Longer reads Human Genome Project ...
Lecture Notes for Methods in Cell Biology
Lecture Notes for Methods in Cell Biology

... acids and recombinant DNA. The first section will cover some basic biochemical procedures and equipment. Understanding these basic biochemical principals will assist in the subsequent discussions on proteins and nucleic acids. The section on characterization of proteins will describe some basic meth ...
Bacteriophage A cloning system for the construction of
Bacteriophage A cloning system for the construction of

... vector, XORF8, that can be used for the construction of cDNA libraries. The wild-type A genome contains five BamHI, five EcoRI, and seven Hindu restriction sites that have all been removed from the genome of AORF8. Sites for these endonucleases are present within the multiple cloning site of AORF8. ...
Parasitoids, predators and PCR: the use of diagnostic
Parasitoids, predators and PCR: the use of diagnostic

... with the advent of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in the mid-1980s (Saiki et al. 1985, 1988; Mullis et al. 1986). The ability to amplify numerous copies of a gene or genomic region of interest opened up a world of possibilities in terms of, for example, the identification of organisms, genes, ge ...
Replication of plasmids with the p15A origin in Shewanella
Replication of plasmids with the p15A origin in Shewanella

... which were recovered from E. coli). Transformation efficiency was increased approximately two- to fourfold by increasing the electroporation voltage from 5·5 to 7·5 kV cm−1. Transformation efficiency also increased with increasing cell numbers over the range used (approximately 109–1010 cells ml−1). ...
Distortion of quantitative genomic and expression
Distortion of quantitative genomic and expression

... and repeated twice. The hybridized genomic sequences ...
Using Real-Time PCR for Pathogen Detection
Using Real-Time PCR for Pathogen Detection

fitness landscapes in orchids
fitness landscapes in orchids

... selection on a character may not follow commonly used mathematical models that are based on linear, disruptive, and stabilizing selection and serve as null models. Moreover, fitness advantages are usually tested on general models, which assume that the parameters are normally distributed. If we fore ...
Tau protein binds single-stranded DNA sequence
Tau protein binds single-stranded DNA sequence

... NECEEM of protein–ssDNA pairs by using ssDNA-binding protein (SSB) from Escherichia coli as a background affinity agent in the run buffer [14]. To extend affinity-mediated NECEEM to studies of dsDNA–protein interactions, a suitable dsDNA-binding protein needs to be found to serve as a background affinity a ...
Molecular Characterization of a Hamster Oviduct
Molecular Characterization of a Hamster Oviduct

... of the mature form of the HOGP region. The amino acid sequence of HOGP appeared to have eight potential N-glycosylation sites. Northern blot analysis revealed that a single message of approximately 2.5 kb was present inoviductal RNA but not inthe RNA of several other hamster tissues. The HOGP showed ...
Getting Started With Gel Electrophoresis
Getting Started With Gel Electrophoresis

... field, a force will act upon it. Negative charges will be pulled towards the positive side of the electric field and positive charges will be pulled to the negative side. The speed at which a charged molecule will move through the gel depends on a number of factors. Firstly, stronger electric fields ...
Lab 7: Conjugation/Transformation
Lab 7: Conjugation/Transformation

... categorized based on their shape, color (if any), colony properties (clonal growth) and metabolic characteristics. The traits we will examine are based on their ability to synthesize most of their own building blocks (such as amino acids, vitamins, and nucleotides) their flexibility in sugar metabol ...
Plant centromeres: structure and control Eric J Richards and R Kelly
Plant centromeres: structure and control Eric J Richards and R Kelly

... controlling and/or mediating sister chromatid cohesion in metaphase (of mitosis and meiosis II) [19,20]. A number of highly reiterated repeats that reside in centromere regions in plant species have been described [21–24,25•,26•,27,28] (see Table 1 for a partial list). Because most of these DNA repe ...
Deoxyribonucleic Acid Base Compositions and Nucleotide
Deoxyribonucleic Acid Base Compositions and Nucleotide

... while the solution was stirred with a glass rod. Centrifugation at 1,350 x g for 10 min yielded a nucleic acid pellet which was further purified as described above. DNA analyses. At least six thermal denaturation profiles of each DNA species investigated were recorded at 260 nm with a Gilford model ...
1 X chromosome crossover formation and genome stability in
1 X chromosome crossover formation and genome stability in

... xnd-1(ok709); LG IV, ced-3(n717); LG V, mys-1(n3681), him-5(ok1896). Some strains were provided by the Caenorhabditis Genetics Center. xnd-1(ok709) was outcrossed multiple times for these studies due to long-term maintenance problems of the strain. Double and triple mutants were generated using sta ...
Enzyme -3. Factors affecting enzyme activity Lecture NO: 1st MBBS
Enzyme -3. Factors affecting enzyme activity Lecture NO: 1st MBBS

... Reversible or Feed back inhibition inhibition by end product ...
PDF - Oxford Academic
PDF - Oxford Academic

... to Lbc^. However, this assignment is not conclusive since amino acid sequence analysis has not yet been completed on homogenous Lbc varieties (Whittaker, R.G., personal communication). DNA sequences in both genes corresponding to restriction enzyme cleavage sites were verified by cleavage with the a ...
Are You Getting It??
Are You Getting It??

... a) An enzyme will increase the number of random collisions with the substrate. b) An enzyme will bind the substrate and increase the rate of the reaction. c) An enzyme will increase the kinetic energy of the substrate molecules. d) An enzyme will lower the activation energy of the reaction. ...
11. Appendix A – PCR Reagent Concentration and Master Mix Tools
11. Appendix A – PCR Reagent Concentration and Master Mix Tools

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Deoxyribozyme



Deoxyribozymes, also called DNA enzymes, DNAzymes, or catalytic DNA, are DNA oligonucleotides that are capable of catalyzing specific chemical reactions, similar to the action of other biological enzymes, such as proteins or ribozymes (enzymes composed of RNA).However, in contrast to the abundance of protein enzymes in biological systems and the discovery of biological ribozymes in the 1980s,there are no known naturally occurring deoxyribozymes.Deoxyribozymes should not be confused with DNA aptamers which are oligonucleotides that selectively bind a target ligand, but do not catalyze a subsequent chemical reaction.With the exception of ribozymes, nucleic acid molecules within cells primarily serve as storage of genetic information due to its ability to form complementary base pairs, which allows for high-fidelity copying and transfer of genetic information. In contrast, nucleic acid molecules are more limited in their catalytic ability, in comparison to protein enzymes, to just three types of interactions: hydrogen bonding, pi stacking, and metal-ion coordination. This is due to the limited number of functional groups of the nucleic acid monomers: while proteins are built from up to twenty different amino acids with various functional groups, nucleic acids are built from just four chemically similar nucleobases. In addition, DNA lacks the 2'-hydroxyl group found in RNA which limits the catalytic competency of deoxyribozymes even in comparison to ribozymes.In addition to the inherent inferiority of DNA catalytic activity, the apparent lack of naturally occurring deoxyribozymes may also be due to the primarily double-stranded conformation of DNA in biological systems which would limit its physical flexibility and ability to form tertiary structures, and so would drastically limit the ability of double-stranded DNA to act as a catalyst; though there are a few known instances of biological single-stranded DNA such as multicopy single-stranded DNA (msDNA), certain viral genomes, and the replication fork formed during DNA replication. Further structural differences between DNA and RNA may also play a role in the lack of biological deoxyribozymes, such as the additional methyl group of the DNA base thymidine compared to the RNA base uracil or the tendency of DNA to adopt the B-form helix while RNA tends to adopt the A-form helix. However, it has also been shown that DNA can form structures that RNA cannot, which suggests that, though there are differences in structures that each can form, neither is inherently more or less catalytic due to their possible structural motifs.
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