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Identification of markers tightly linked to tomato yellow
Identification of markers tightly linked to tomato yellow

... The tomato (Solanum lycopersicon) is an economically important species of the Solanaceae family, and it is cultivated all over the world for human consumption. Recently, tomato crops have often been infected by tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), which causes significant yield losses in tomato (S ...
The Impact of Diagnostics of Fungal Infections on Antifungal Usage
The Impact of Diagnostics of Fungal Infections on Antifungal Usage

... to anonymised data for these tests from patients at high risk of Aspergillus. The method of analysis was to determine how many patients had risen, but negative ELISA result (0.3-0.4 index) which later became positive (index >0.5) on repeat testing with the ELISA. These patients were then categorised ...
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... techniques that is used to assist in the development of plant embryos that might not survive to become viable plants. Embryo rescue plays an important role in modern plant breeding, allowing the development of many interspecific and intergeneric food and ornamental plant crop hybrids. This technique ...
Bacterial genome replication at subzero temperatures in permafrost
Bacterial genome replication at subzero temperatures in permafrost

... active microorganisms into DNA and the physical separation from the 12C DNA in a cesium chloride density gradient (Radajewski et al., 2000). Therefore, SIP will not detect bacterial cells which are carrying out basal metabolism nor will it provide a signal if the bacteria are performing DNA excision ...
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imbalances within regions containing large

... Conclusions about associations between LCV’s and phenotypic abnormalities should be approached cautiously. ¾ An aberration in a LCV region should be considered as a possibility for the patients’ malformation only if it has been observed in other patients with similar phenotypes or is associated with ...
Single intragenic microsatellite preimplantation
Single intragenic microsatellite preimplantation

... The presence of linked polymorphic markers is particularly valuable when dealing with minuscule amounts of DNA template of a known genetic background. Although multiplex PCR protocols may be used for direct detection of two different mutations, the analysis will be based solely on the absence or pre ...
1 BIOL2323: GENERAL GENETICS STUDY GUIDE
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... know what complementation groups are and how mutations can be assigned to complementation groups know about nutritional mutants and the “one enzyme, one protein hypothesis” determine the order of enzymes within a biosynthetic pathway by analyzing nutritional mutants know how the building blocks of p ...
DNA and the Book of Mormon: A Phylogenetic Perspective
DNA and the Book of Mormon: A Phylogenetic Perspective

... ability to obtain external funding from a nationally peer-reviewed granting agency and to publish the results in a reputable scientific journal. To be funded at the national level means that a research proposal has undergone the highest degree of scrutiny and been approved by those best able to judg ...
Selective Down-regulation of Rat Organic Cation
Selective Down-regulation of Rat Organic Cation

... genes that have been previously reported [6, 7]. We selected all non-synonymous variants in the OCT2 gene that have been identified in Asian populations (T199I, T201M and A270S) [8-10]. Genomic DNA samples were extracted from peripheral blood using the Wizard® Genomic DNA Purification kit (Promega C ...
Brooker Chapter 16 - Volunteer State Community College
Brooker Chapter 16 - Volunteer State Community College

... This indicates that mutations conferring tonr occurred randomly on the primary (nonselective plate) The presence of T1 in the secondary plates simply selected for previously occurring tonr mutants This supports the random mutation theory ...
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Lachiewicz, AM, Spiridigliozzi, GA, McConkie-Rosell, A, Burgess, D, Feng, Y, Warren, ST and Tarleton, J: A fragile X male with a broad smear on Southern blot analysis representing 100 to 500 CGG repeats and no methylation of the Eag I site of the FMR1 gene. American Journal of Medical Genetics 64:278-282 (1996).
Lachiewicz, AM, Spiridigliozzi, GA, McConkie-Rosell, A, Burgess, D, Feng, Y, Warren, ST and Tarleton, J: A fragile X male with a broad smear on Southern blot analysis representing 100 to 500 CGG repeats and no methylation of the Eag I site of the FMR1 gene. American Journal of Medical Genetics 64:278-282 (1996).

... higher le~els than carriers of the full mutation [Loesch et al., 1993; McConkie-Rosell et al., 1993; Staley et al., 1993; Rousseau et al., 1994b]. Hagerman et al. [1994] reviewed DNA findings on 29 males with fragile X syndrome who had IQs greater than 70. These males represented almost 12% (29/250) ...
DNA Sequencing of the eta Gene Coding for
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... Fig. 4. Inverted sequences in the 5' and 3' flanking regions of the ETA coding sequence. (a, b) Inverted sequences upstream of the presumed SD sequence. Promoter-like sequences (- 35 and - 10 regions) are indicated by lines above the respective hexanucleotides. Note that both -10 regions overlap the ...
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... Our bacteria is put into a dormant state by drying them, stopping enzyme activity. This allows the formula to withstand the blending and packaging process and temperature variations during shipping and storage. Digestive activity resumes when the formula is re-hydrated with water which activates the ...
Cloning and Sequencing of a Gene from Bacillus
Cloning and Sequencing of a Gene from Bacillus

... The degree of homology of the DNA from different species of Bacillus has previously been studied by both interspecific transformation and DNA hybridization (Seki et al., 1975, 1979). Interspecific transformation, however, is known to be extremely inefficient (te Riele & Venema, 1982a). There is evid ...
A CRISPR-based yeast two-hybrid system for investigating
A CRISPR-based yeast two-hybrid system for investigating

... folding, processing, modification, stabilization, and localization. Because so many cellular RNAprotein interactions remain unknown, it is advantageous to pursue their discovery using highthroughput approaches. The advent and continual improvement of high-throughput DNA sequencing technolo ...
Damage Control: The Pleiotropy of DNA Repair Genes
Damage Control: The Pleiotropy of DNA Repair Genes

... cells. This result has been confirmed and extended to cells in the eye imaginal disc (M. Brodsky and G. M. Rubin, personal communication). Thus the function of the MEI-41 protein may not be in the repair of damage per se, but in triggering a DNA damage-dependent cellcycle checkpoint. Activation of t ...
A CRISPR-based yeast two-hybrid system for investigating
A CRISPR-based yeast two-hybrid system for investigating

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IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences (IOSR-JPBS) e-ISSN: 2278-3008, p-ISSN:2319-7676.
IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences (IOSR-JPBS) e-ISSN: 2278-3008, p-ISSN:2319-7676.

... Kronstad et al., (1983), (fig 1). An overnight culture from a single colony of bacterial cells was diluted in SPY medium in 1:100 ratio. Cells were grown at 35 oC with shaking to optical density 0.8 at 600 nm in 2.8 Litre flask with shaking 200 rpm. Cells were harvested by centrifugation at 4 oC at ...
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SCID Screening: A New York State of Mind
SCID Screening: A New York State of Mind

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Add Health Biomarker - Carolina Population Center
Add Health Biomarker - Carolina Population Center

... interviewers who had received extensive training (including training by Abbott Laboratory representatives), and samples were collected in a 30 cc cup with a black line marked at 15 cc. After securing the lid of the collection cup, specimens were placed in a plastic bag, and then inside of a styrofoa ...
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Metabolism 2 PDF

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Regents Biology
Regents Biology

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Deoxyribozyme



Deoxyribozymes, also called DNA enzymes, DNAzymes, or catalytic DNA, are DNA oligonucleotides that are capable of catalyzing specific chemical reactions, similar to the action of other biological enzymes, such as proteins or ribozymes (enzymes composed of RNA).However, in contrast to the abundance of protein enzymes in biological systems and the discovery of biological ribozymes in the 1980s,there are no known naturally occurring deoxyribozymes.Deoxyribozymes should not be confused with DNA aptamers which are oligonucleotides that selectively bind a target ligand, but do not catalyze a subsequent chemical reaction.With the exception of ribozymes, nucleic acid molecules within cells primarily serve as storage of genetic information due to its ability to form complementary base pairs, which allows for high-fidelity copying and transfer of genetic information. In contrast, nucleic acid molecules are more limited in their catalytic ability, in comparison to protein enzymes, to just three types of interactions: hydrogen bonding, pi stacking, and metal-ion coordination. This is due to the limited number of functional groups of the nucleic acid monomers: while proteins are built from up to twenty different amino acids with various functional groups, nucleic acids are built from just four chemically similar nucleobases. In addition, DNA lacks the 2'-hydroxyl group found in RNA which limits the catalytic competency of deoxyribozymes even in comparison to ribozymes.In addition to the inherent inferiority of DNA catalytic activity, the apparent lack of naturally occurring deoxyribozymes may also be due to the primarily double-stranded conformation of DNA in biological systems which would limit its physical flexibility and ability to form tertiary structures, and so would drastically limit the ability of double-stranded DNA to act as a catalyst; though there are a few known instances of biological single-stranded DNA such as multicopy single-stranded DNA (msDNA), certain viral genomes, and the replication fork formed during DNA replication. Further structural differences between DNA and RNA may also play a role in the lack of biological deoxyribozymes, such as the additional methyl group of the DNA base thymidine compared to the RNA base uracil or the tendency of DNA to adopt the B-form helix while RNA tends to adopt the A-form helix. However, it has also been shown that DNA can form structures that RNA cannot, which suggests that, though there are differences in structures that each can form, neither is inherently more or less catalytic due to their possible structural motifs.
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