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Chapter 6 Identifying and Measuring Transmembrane Helix–Helix
Chapter 6 Identifying and Measuring Transmembrane Helix–Helix

... aspect of cell biology and physiology (1). Consequently, proper functioning of these proteins is vital to health, and specific defects are associated with many known human diseases (2, 3). Most are anchored to the cellular membrane through one or several transmembrane (TM) domains that predominantly ...
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13765_2016_148_MOESM1_ESM

... Fig. 1 (A) Binding model of compound 3c into E. coli FabH (Protein Data Bank entry: 1HNJ). The green dotted lines show the hydrogen bond, the blue dotted lines show -alkyl interactions, and the yellow dotted lines show -sulfur interactions. (B) 2D ligand interaction diagram with E. coli FabH using ...
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Proteolysis



Proteolysis is the breakdown of proteins into smaller polypeptides or amino acids. Uncatalysed, the hydrolysis of peptide bonds is extremely slow, taking hundreds of years. Proteolysis is typically catalysed by cellular enzymes called proteases, but may also occur by intra-molecular digestion. Low pH or high temperatures can also cause proteolysis non-enzymatically.Proteolysis in organisms serves many purposes; for example, digestive enzymes break down proteins in food to provide amino acids for the organism, while proteolytic processing of a polypeptide chain after its synthesis may be necessary for the production of an active protein. It is also important in the regulation of some physiological and cellular processes, as well as preventing the accumulation of unwanted or abnormal proteins in cells. Consequently, dis-regulation of proteolysis can cause diseases, and is used in some venoms to damage their prey.Proteolysis is important as an analytical tool for studying proteins in the laboratory, as well as industrially, for example in food processing and stain removal.
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