... Allosteric effects either increase or decrease the activity of a protein or enzyme by the binding of a ligand (or by protein phosphorylation). The binding cause some sort of change in shape of the protein (+ 4 pt) The enzyme exists in two states relaxed (R) or tense (T) with the relaxed being the ac ...
Cellular respiration
... • it is here that fats and proteins can ‘enter the picture’ (i.e., be used as a fuel source) • it is also when we move from the sarcoplasm into the mitochondria for the first time ...
... • it is here that fats and proteins can ‘enter the picture’ (i.e., be used as a fuel source) • it is also when we move from the sarcoplasm into the mitochondria for the first time ...
Additional file 1
... (ATCG01310.1) TDF 47 JQ003865 75K gamma secalin (ADP95516.1) Protein metabolism/ Amino acid biosynthesis TDF 48 JQ003866 Eukaryotic aspartyl protease (AT4G16563.1) TDF 5 JN982720 Cysteine protease (AAP41486.1) ...
... (ATCG01310.1) TDF 47 JQ003865 75K gamma secalin (ADP95516.1) Protein metabolism/ Amino acid biosynthesis TDF 48 JQ003866 Eukaryotic aspartyl protease (AT4G16563.1) TDF 5 JN982720 Cysteine protease (AAP41486.1) ...
The TACC proteins: TACC-ling microtubule dynamics and
... boxes]) or a Ser–Pro Azu-1 motif (SPAZ) [24] (dark-grey boxes). Yellow lines indicate the position of nuclear localization signals (NLSs). The conserved consensus sequences for AurA phosphorylation are shown as orange bars. The conserved Ser residue is highlighted in orange, and additional consensus ...
... boxes]) or a Ser–Pro Azu-1 motif (SPAZ) [24] (dark-grey boxes). Yellow lines indicate the position of nuclear localization signals (NLSs). The conserved consensus sequences for AurA phosphorylation are shown as orange bars. The conserved Ser residue is highlighted in orange, and additional consensus ...
Probing the active site of homoserine trans
... 3.2. The two acidic spots contain modified lysine residues Comparison of the peptide pattern obtained by mass spectrometry after in-gel trypsin digestion of the proteins showed 3 major different peaks that were found, consistently, in the two acidic spots and were absent from the two alkaline spots. T ...
... 3.2. The two acidic spots contain modified lysine residues Comparison of the peptide pattern obtained by mass spectrometry after in-gel trypsin digestion of the proteins showed 3 major different peaks that were found, consistently, in the two acidic spots and were absent from the two alkaline spots. T ...
Metabolism: the Degradation and Synthesis of Living Cells
... 1.3 The General Features of metabolism • Occurs in linear, branched or circular pathways; • Highly interconnected (“Every road leads to Rome”). • Highly regulated to achieve the best economy (“Balanced supply and demand”). • The number of reactions is large (over 1000) and the number of types of re ...
... 1.3 The General Features of metabolism • Occurs in linear, branched or circular pathways; • Highly interconnected (“Every road leads to Rome”). • Highly regulated to achieve the best economy (“Balanced supply and demand”). • The number of reactions is large (over 1000) and the number of types of re ...
Identification and functional analysis of a prokaryotic-type
... different constructions were made: one contained the complete amino acid sequence (named PpAAT) whereas the other contained only the putative processed polypeptide (named p-PpAAT) starting in another methionine residue at the N-terminal of the polypeptide. As shown in Figure 3(a), the two forms of A ...
... different constructions were made: one contained the complete amino acid sequence (named PpAAT) whereas the other contained only the putative processed polypeptide (named p-PpAAT) starting in another methionine residue at the N-terminal of the polypeptide. As shown in Figure 3(a), the two forms of A ...
Biological Networks Underlying Abiotic Stress Tolerance in
... Vincent et al. [66]. A decrease in chloroplast 30S ribosomal protein S10 indicates a down-regulation of chloroplast protein biosynthesis in salt-sensitive canola cultivar Sarigol since protein S10 seems to be crucial for tRNA binding to ribosomal surface and the stability of 30S ribosomal subunit [6 ...
... Vincent et al. [66]. A decrease in chloroplast 30S ribosomal protein S10 indicates a down-regulation of chloroplast protein biosynthesis in salt-sensitive canola cultivar Sarigol since protein S10 seems to be crucial for tRNA binding to ribosomal surface and the stability of 30S ribosomal subunit [6 ...
Pharmacology 34: Bacterial and Mycobacterial Infections (Cell Wall
... Murein chains cross-linked by transpeptidases (TPs) aka penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) Activation step -> TP attacks D-Ala-D-Ala amide bond on glycan polymer (releasing alanine) Coupling step -> free amino group (Gram-positive) or DAP (Gram-negative) attacks intermediate = new amide bond cross-l ...
... Murein chains cross-linked by transpeptidases (TPs) aka penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) Activation step -> TP attacks D-Ala-D-Ala amide bond on glycan polymer (releasing alanine) Coupling step -> free amino group (Gram-positive) or DAP (Gram-negative) attacks intermediate = new amide bond cross-l ...
Ch. 25
... • Chylomicrons form in small intestinal mucosal cells and contain exogenous (dietary) lipids. They enter villi lacteals, are carried into the systemic circulation into adipose tissue where their triglyceride fatty acids are released and stored in the adipocytes and used by muscle cells for ATP produ ...
... • Chylomicrons form in small intestinal mucosal cells and contain exogenous (dietary) lipids. They enter villi lacteals, are carried into the systemic circulation into adipose tissue where their triglyceride fatty acids are released and stored in the adipocytes and used by muscle cells for ATP produ ...
Lecture 16- Dr. Kumar
... triglycerides from blood • Know mechanism of action of drugs that prevent accumulation of plasma triglycerides • Know how carbon atoms of glucose are channeled into fatty acids • Know the rate limiting enzyme of fatty acid synthesis and how its activity is regulated by metabolites and hormones • Kno ...
... triglycerides from blood • Know mechanism of action of drugs that prevent accumulation of plasma triglycerides • Know how carbon atoms of glucose are channeled into fatty acids • Know the rate limiting enzyme of fatty acid synthesis and how its activity is regulated by metabolites and hormones • Kno ...
Types and effects of protein variations. Vihinen
... Variations manifest their effects at different ways. Of the identified disease-causing cases large proportion appears in protein coding DNA and RNA sequences, although the proteincoding regions constitute only about 1.3 % of human genome. Due to the large number of different functions in which prote ...
... Variations manifest their effects at different ways. Of the identified disease-causing cases large proportion appears in protein coding DNA and RNA sequences, although the proteincoding regions constitute only about 1.3 % of human genome. Due to the large number of different functions in which prote ...
Krebs Cycle
... • Chylomicrons form in small intestinal mucosal cells and contain exogenous (dietary) lipids. They enter villi lacteals, are carried into the systemic circulation into adipose tissue where their triglyceride fatty acids are released and stored in the adipocytes and used by muscle cells for ATP produ ...
... • Chylomicrons form in small intestinal mucosal cells and contain exogenous (dietary) lipids. They enter villi lacteals, are carried into the systemic circulation into adipose tissue where their triglyceride fatty acids are released and stored in the adipocytes and used by muscle cells for ATP produ ...
Ubiquitin ligases and beyond EDITORIAL Open Access Ivan Dikic
... proteasomal degradation of proteins through the revelation that it has a central role in cell cycle regulation and the recognition of regulatory roles for ubiquitin in intracellular membrane transport, cell signalling, transcription, translation, and DNA repair. Pickart’s article marked the expansio ...
... proteasomal degradation of proteins through the revelation that it has a central role in cell cycle regulation and the recognition of regulatory roles for ubiquitin in intracellular membrane transport, cell signalling, transcription, translation, and DNA repair. Pickart’s article marked the expansio ...
Biochemical and physiological bases for utilization
... be synthesized in the body are termed nutritionally dispensable or nonessential, including alanine, asparagine, aspartate, cysteine, glutamate, glutamine, glycine, proline, serine, and tyrosine. NEAA and their metabolites have many physiological functions (Table 2). Cysteine, glutamate, glutamine, g ...
... be synthesized in the body are termed nutritionally dispensable or nonessential, including alanine, asparagine, aspartate, cysteine, glutamate, glutamine, glycine, proline, serine, and tyrosine. NEAA and their metabolites have many physiological functions (Table 2). Cysteine, glutamate, glutamine, g ...
Differential Accumulation Pattern of Met-rich beta
... Comparison of transcript levels in M. sativa and M. truncatula was performed by Northern analysis: 20 ug of total RNA from M. sativa and 10 ug of total RNA from M. truncatula was seperated on the same 1.0% agarose formaldehyde gel and subjected to gel blot analysis using a 690 bp b-zein fragment as ...
... Comparison of transcript levels in M. sativa and M. truncatula was performed by Northern analysis: 20 ug of total RNA from M. sativa and 10 ug of total RNA from M. truncatula was seperated on the same 1.0% agarose formaldehyde gel and subjected to gel blot analysis using a 690 bp b-zein fragment as ...
Modulation of Retinoblastoma and Retinoblastoma
... Rb is known to play a key mole in the regulation of cell proliferation (4), and it now appears to also be involved in the induction of the fully differentiated state. For example, it has been suggested that Rb protein, in association with myogenic factors such as Myo D, is mequmred to bring about te ...
... Rb is known to play a key mole in the regulation of cell proliferation (4), and it now appears to also be involved in the induction of the fully differentiated state. For example, it has been suggested that Rb protein, in association with myogenic factors such as Myo D, is mequmred to bring about te ...
Protein Arginine Methylation in Candida albicans: Role
... S. cerevisiae shares different subsets of PRMT genes with other fungi, including Schizosaccharomyces pombe, Candida albicans, and Candida glabrata. S. pombe has a wide range of PRMT genes, including not only HMT1/RMT1, HSL7/RMT5, and RMT2 orthologs but also another type I methyltransferase gene, RMT ...
... S. cerevisiae shares different subsets of PRMT genes with other fungi, including Schizosaccharomyces pombe, Candida albicans, and Candida glabrata. S. pombe has a wide range of PRMT genes, including not only HMT1/RMT1, HSL7/RMT5, and RMT2 orthologs but also another type I methyltransferase gene, RMT ...
Hutational analysis of the influenza virus A/Victoria/3/75 PA protein
... VPPAaD) barely affected the association with PB1, indicating that the N terminus is not absolutely required for such interaction. Since none of the 12 C-terminal and internal PA deletion mutants showed binding to PB1 it might be concluded that the entire C-terminal three quarters of PA are involved ...
... VPPAaD) barely affected the association with PB1, indicating that the N terminus is not absolutely required for such interaction. Since none of the 12 C-terminal and internal PA deletion mutants showed binding to PB1 it might be concluded that the entire C-terminal three quarters of PA are involved ...
Proteolysis
Proteolysis is the breakdown of proteins into smaller polypeptides or amino acids. Uncatalysed, the hydrolysis of peptide bonds is extremely slow, taking hundreds of years. Proteolysis is typically catalysed by cellular enzymes called proteases, but may also occur by intra-molecular digestion. Low pH or high temperatures can also cause proteolysis non-enzymatically.Proteolysis in organisms serves many purposes; for example, digestive enzymes break down proteins in food to provide amino acids for the organism, while proteolytic processing of a polypeptide chain after its synthesis may be necessary for the production of an active protein. It is also important in the regulation of some physiological and cellular processes, as well as preventing the accumulation of unwanted or abnormal proteins in cells. Consequently, dis-regulation of proteolysis can cause diseases, and is used in some venoms to damage their prey.Proteolysis is important as an analytical tool for studying proteins in the laboratory, as well as industrially, for example in food processing and stain removal.