The Human Brain: An Introduction to Its Functional Anatomy. By
... Superior parietal lobule: somatosensory Superior temporal gyrus: auditory Premotor cortex: motor Multimodal or heteromodal association areas Inferior parietal lobule & large portions of frontal and temporal lobes ...
... Superior parietal lobule: somatosensory Superior temporal gyrus: auditory Premotor cortex: motor Multimodal or heteromodal association areas Inferior parietal lobule & large portions of frontal and temporal lobes ...
Cerebral Cortex
... Receptive Aphasias: lesions of Wernicke’s area; difficulties with language comprehension, recognition of symbols of language (visual, auditory, somatosensory) 1. Tactile Agnosias (astereognosis)- supramarginal gyrus 2. Visual Agnosias (word blindness)- angular gyrus 3. Auditory Agnosias (word deafne ...
... Receptive Aphasias: lesions of Wernicke’s area; difficulties with language comprehension, recognition of symbols of language (visual, auditory, somatosensory) 1. Tactile Agnosias (astereognosis)- supramarginal gyrus 2. Visual Agnosias (word blindness)- angular gyrus 3. Auditory Agnosias (word deafne ...
Imaging the premotor areas Nathalie Picard* and Peter L Strick
... anterior to the VCA line (Table 1). This location corresponds to the RCZa, which may correspond to the CMAr of monkeys [2]. In contrast, when some of the same investigators used a similar paradigm that did not specifically dissociate conflict monitoring from response selection, they found response-r ...
... anterior to the VCA line (Table 1). This location corresponds to the RCZa, which may correspond to the CMAr of monkeys [2]. In contrast, when some of the same investigators used a similar paradigm that did not specifically dissociate conflict monitoring from response selection, they found response-r ...
Wernicke`s Aphasia
... of the dominant (typically left) inferior frontal gyrus. The pars orbitalis (POR), PT and POP comprise the inferior frontal gyrus. The POR is separated from the PT by the anterior horizontal ramus (AHR) of the lateral sulcus. The anterior ascending ramus (AAR) of the lateral sulcus separates PT from ...
... of the dominant (typically left) inferior frontal gyrus. The pars orbitalis (POR), PT and POP comprise the inferior frontal gyrus. The POR is separated from the PT by the anterior horizontal ramus (AHR) of the lateral sulcus. The anterior ascending ramus (AAR) of the lateral sulcus separates PT from ...
Category-specific Conceptual Processing of
... words (Preissl et al., 1995; Martin et al., 1996; Pulvermüller et al., 1999). Among the action words, those related to movements of the face, arm or leg activated fronto-central cortex in a somatotopic fashion (Hauk et al., 2004; Shtyrov et al., 2004), consistent with the claim that sensorimotor co ...
... words (Preissl et al., 1995; Martin et al., 1996; Pulvermüller et al., 1999). Among the action words, those related to movements of the face, arm or leg activated fronto-central cortex in a somatotopic fashion (Hauk et al., 2004; Shtyrov et al., 2004), consistent with the claim that sensorimotor co ...
cortex
... of the anterior parahippocampal gyrus. It receives the vast majority of olfactory bulb projections via the lateral olfactory tract. It also contains the cortical amygdaloid nuclei and part of the hippocampal formation, which has become extruded from the temporal or inferior horn of the lateral ventr ...
... of the anterior parahippocampal gyrus. It receives the vast majority of olfactory bulb projections via the lateral olfactory tract. It also contains the cortical amygdaloid nuclei and part of the hippocampal formation, which has become extruded from the temporal or inferior horn of the lateral ventr ...
paper - Rice University
... movement has its biological substrate in the left frontal cortex, a claim consistent with some aphasia and neuroimaging data (Ben-Shachar, Hendler, Kahn, Ben-Bashat, & Grodzinsky, 2003). In contrast, other researchers have explained the increased processing cost of OR clauses by appealing to ‘syntac ...
... movement has its biological substrate in the left frontal cortex, a claim consistent with some aphasia and neuroimaging data (Ben-Shachar, Hendler, Kahn, Ben-Bashat, & Grodzinsky, 2003). In contrast, other researchers have explained the increased processing cost of OR clauses by appealing to ‘syntac ...
Exam 1
... medulla and spinal cord. Visible on the ventral brainstem surface. As a result of the decussation, one side of the brain controls the muscles of the opposite side. Ascending afferent axonal pathway in the brainstem (a continuation of the dorsal column of the spinal cord after the decussation) to the ...
... medulla and spinal cord. Visible on the ventral brainstem surface. As a result of the decussation, one side of the brain controls the muscles of the opposite side. Ascending afferent axonal pathway in the brainstem (a continuation of the dorsal column of the spinal cord after the decussation) to the ...
BRAINSTEM
... medulla and spinal cord. Visible on the ventral brainstem surface. As a result of the decussation, one side of the brain controls the muscles of the opposite side. Ascending afferent axonal pathway in the brainstem (a continuation of the dorsal column of the spinal cord after the decussation) to the ...
... medulla and spinal cord. Visible on the ventral brainstem surface. As a result of the decussation, one side of the brain controls the muscles of the opposite side. Ascending afferent axonal pathway in the brainstem (a continuation of the dorsal column of the spinal cord after the decussation) to the ...
Experiment 2 - fMRI Study
... that these tasks involve distinct component processes that act upon a shared linguistic knowledge base (Bock and Levelt, 1994; MacDonald et al., 1994). Indeed, production requires word retreival and planning of a sentence structure, whereas comprehension involves word recognition and the understandi ...
... that these tasks involve distinct component processes that act upon a shared linguistic knowledge base (Bock and Levelt, 1994; MacDonald et al., 1994). Indeed, production requires word retreival and planning of a sentence structure, whereas comprehension involves word recognition and the understandi ...
The Mirror System, Imitation, and the Evolution of Language
... grasping (“before the mirror”), reviewing relevant data, and presenting useful grounding concepts provided by the FARS model. The neurophysiological findings of the Sakata group on parietal cortex and the Rizzolatti group on premotor cortex indicate that parietal area AIP (the Anterior Intra-Parieta ...
... grasping (“before the mirror”), reviewing relevant data, and presenting useful grounding concepts provided by the FARS model. The neurophysiological findings of the Sakata group on parietal cortex and the Rizzolatti group on premotor cortex indicate that parietal area AIP (the Anterior Intra-Parieta ...
cerebral cortex - Global Anatomy Home Page
... 1) BLOOD SUPPLY. You will see a very large number of patients with deficits resulting from problems with the blood supply of the cerebral hemispheres (cortex, internal capsule, and basal ganglia) even if you don’t become a neurologist or neurosurgeon. You should overlearn this material to the point ...
... 1) BLOOD SUPPLY. You will see a very large number of patients with deficits resulting from problems with the blood supply of the cerebral hemispheres (cortex, internal capsule, and basal ganglia) even if you don’t become a neurologist or neurosurgeon. You should overlearn this material to the point ...
Slide 1
... • Receive inputs from multiple sensory areas • Send outputs to multiple areas, including the premotor cortex • Allow us to give meaning to information received, store it as memory, compare it to previous experience, and decide on action to take ...
... • Receive inputs from multiple sensory areas • Send outputs to multiple areas, including the premotor cortex • Allow us to give meaning to information received, store it as memory, compare it to previous experience, and decide on action to take ...
PET Imaging of Differential Cortical Activation to
... These studies of language processing have identified sites in the left inferior frontal cortex and posterior temporal cortex, regions classically implicated as speech/language centers from postmortem studies with aphasic patients (Geschwind, 1979). Furthermore, by comparing brain activation patterns ...
... These studies of language processing have identified sites in the left inferior frontal cortex and posterior temporal cortex, regions classically implicated as speech/language centers from postmortem studies with aphasic patients (Geschwind, 1979). Furthermore, by comparing brain activation patterns ...
Ullman, 2004 - Brain and Language Lab
... (Damasio, Grabowski, Tranel, Hichwa, & Damasio, 1996; Martin, Ungerleider, & Haxby, 2000). It has been posited that medial temporal lobe structures associate or “bind” inputs from cortical regions, which together store an entire memory (Alvarez & Squire, 1994; McClelland, McNaughton, & O’Reilly, 199 ...
... (Damasio, Grabowski, Tranel, Hichwa, & Damasio, 1996; Martin, Ungerleider, & Haxby, 2000). It has been posited that medial temporal lobe structures associate or “bind” inputs from cortical regions, which together store an entire memory (Alvarez & Squire, 1994; McClelland, McNaughton, & O’Reilly, 199 ...
Vigneau et al.
... processing had been investigated in 45 studies, including 86 contrasts leading to the detection of 125 activation peaks in the left frontal lobe and 122 peaks in the left temporal and inferior parietal areas. Phonological tasks (Table 1) required the subjects to repeat or articulate syllables; to re ...
... processing had been investigated in 45 studies, including 86 contrasts leading to the detection of 125 activation peaks in the left frontal lobe and 122 peaks in the left temporal and inferior parietal areas. Phonological tasks (Table 1) required the subjects to repeat or articulate syllables; to re ...
gross_neuroanatomy-1
... surface of the brain. Unlike other sulci that delineate lobes, TO is much more variable between individuals and it is not easy to identify • The functional overlap between posterior temporal and occipital cortices is also reflected by the lack of one or more sulci that divide the temporal from the ...
... surface of the brain. Unlike other sulci that delineate lobes, TO is much more variable between individuals and it is not easy to identify • The functional overlap between posterior temporal and occipital cortices is also reflected by the lack of one or more sulci that divide the temporal from the ...
Neurophysiologic markers in laryngeal muscles indicate functional
... the laryngeal muscles (Corballis, 2003). The direct functional connectivity of M1 for laryngeal muscles was demonstrated in our studies (Deletis et al., 2008, 2009, 2011; Espadaler et al. 2012). In these studies, we have developed methodologies for stimulating M1 for laryngeal muscles and recording ...
... the laryngeal muscles (Corballis, 2003). The direct functional connectivity of M1 for laryngeal muscles was demonstrated in our studies (Deletis et al., 2008, 2009, 2011; Espadaler et al. 2012). In these studies, we have developed methodologies for stimulating M1 for laryngeal muscles and recording ...
AHD The Telencephalon R. Altman 4-03
... • It is important to remember that the anterior choroidal artery also serves the optic tract and inferior regions of the posterior limb of the internal capsule. ...
... • It is important to remember that the anterior choroidal artery also serves the optic tract and inferior regions of the posterior limb of the internal capsule. ...
- Stem-cell and Brain Research Institute
... Table 1). Five sentences of each type are used for a total of 45 sentences. Sentences are read aloud to the patients in a pseudo-random order, and after each sentence, the subject should indicate by pointing at photographs ‘who did what to whom,’ indicating in canonical order the agent, object and r ...
... Table 1). Five sentences of each type are used for a total of 45 sentences. Sentences are read aloud to the patients in a pseudo-random order, and after each sentence, the subject should indicate by pointing at photographs ‘who did what to whom,’ indicating in canonical order the agent, object and r ...
Visualizing vocal perception in the chimpanzee
... The evolutionary origin of human language and its neurobiological foundations has long been the object of intense scientific debate. This controversy, at least in part, can be attributed to the fact that language and its anatomical and physiological substrates do not leave indelible marks in the arch ...
... The evolutionary origin of human language and its neurobiological foundations has long been the object of intense scientific debate. This controversy, at least in part, can be attributed to the fact that language and its anatomical and physiological substrates do not leave indelible marks in the arch ...
Mirror neurons and the social nature of language
... executed/observed motor act, like grasping an object, but they also code the overall action intention (e.g., bringing the grasped object to the mouth or into a container; Fogassi et al., 2005). The MNS maps integrated sequences of goal-related motor acts (grasping, holding, bringing, placing, the di ...
... executed/observed motor act, like grasping an object, but they also code the overall action intention (e.g., bringing the grasped object to the mouth or into a container; Fogassi et al., 2005). The MNS maps integrated sequences of goal-related motor acts (grasping, holding, bringing, placing, the di ...
Cortical Motor Organization, Mirror Neurons, and
... mirror neurons of F5 and PFG are similar, we will describe them together. These neurons discharge when the monkey performs a hand or mouth goal-directed motor act (e.g., grasping, biting, tearing or manipulating an object), and when it observes the same, or a similar, act performed by the experiment ...
... mirror neurons of F5 and PFG are similar, we will describe them together. These neurons discharge when the monkey performs a hand or mouth goal-directed motor act (e.g., grasping, biting, tearing or manipulating an object), and when it observes the same, or a similar, act performed by the experiment ...
view
... brain structure. Functional imaging emerged at this stage of neurolinguistic research. In this review article, it is proposed that the ofteninconsistent superXuity of outcomes arising from functional imaging studies of language awaits adjustment at both “ends” of the process: model and data. Assumpt ...
... brain structure. Functional imaging emerged at this stage of neurolinguistic research. In this review article, it is proposed that the ofteninconsistent superXuity of outcomes arising from functional imaging studies of language awaits adjustment at both “ends” of the process: model and data. Assumpt ...
11. The Evolution of Language Systems in the Human Brain
... facial, and jaw muscles. Tracer studies and physiological recording studies of the macaque monkey ventral premotor and prefrontal cortex provide evidence of extensive homology of connectivity, suggesting that the circuits associated with these cortical areas were recruited for language processing du ...
... facial, and jaw muscles. Tracer studies and physiological recording studies of the macaque monkey ventral premotor and prefrontal cortex provide evidence of extensive homology of connectivity, suggesting that the circuits associated with these cortical areas were recruited for language processing du ...
Broca's area
Broca's area or the Broca area /broʊˈkɑː/ or /ˈbroʊkə/ is a region in the frontal lobe of the dominant hemisphere (usually the left) of the hominid brain with functions linked to speech production.Language processing has been linked to Broca's area since Pierre Paul Broca reported impairments in two patients. They had lost the ability to speak after injury to the posterior inferior frontal gyrus of the brain. Since then, the approximate region he identified has become known as Broca's area, and the deficit in language production as Broca's aphasia, also called expressive aphasia. Broca's area is now typically defined in terms of the pars opercularis and pars triangularis of the inferior frontal gyrus, represented in Brodmann's cytoarchitectonic map as areas 44 and 45 of the dominant hemisphere. Studies of chronic aphasia have implicated an essential role of Broca's area in various speech and language functions. Further, fMRI studies have also identified activation patterns in Broca's area associated with various language tasks. However, slow destruction of the Broca's area by brain tumors can leave speech relatively intact suggesting its functions can shift to nearby areas in the brain.