mutualisms and facilitation
... One notable characteristic of the literature on facilitation is that the definition of the concept itself has been remarkably fluid. Unlike the extensive literature on the definition of mutualism, which began barely a decade after the term was first coined (Bronstein 2001a), this inconsistency has recei ...
... One notable characteristic of the literature on facilitation is that the definition of the concept itself has been remarkably fluid. Unlike the extensive literature on the definition of mutualism, which began barely a decade after the term was first coined (Bronstein 2001a), this inconsistency has recei ...
- Wiley Online Library
... One notable characteristic of the literature on facilitation is that the definition of the concept itself has been remarkably fluid. Unlike the extensive literature on the definition of mutualism, which began barely a decade after the term was first coined (Bronstein 2001a), this inconsistency has recei ...
... One notable characteristic of the literature on facilitation is that the definition of the concept itself has been remarkably fluid. Unlike the extensive literature on the definition of mutualism, which began barely a decade after the term was first coined (Bronstein 2001a), this inconsistency has recei ...
Energy Flow in Ecosy..
... Some human populations have undergone a demographic transition, a shift from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates. Usually, death rate decreases first, due to medical and public health advances. Later, birth rate also declines. During the period between the fall in death rate and ...
... Some human populations have undergone a demographic transition, a shift from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates. Usually, death rate decreases first, due to medical and public health advances. Later, birth rate also declines. During the period between the fall in death rate and ...
shading facilitates sessile invertebrate - Ron Etter
... sessile invertebrates, especially ascidians, sponges, bryozoans, and cnidarians, while nearby horizontal rock surfaces are dominated by algae in temperate seas or corals in the tropics (reviewed in Witman and Dayton 2001, Miller 2005). Horizontal–vertical differences also exist in the intertidal, wh ...
... sessile invertebrates, especially ascidians, sponges, bryozoans, and cnidarians, while nearby horizontal rock surfaces are dominated by algae in temperate seas or corals in the tropics (reviewed in Witman and Dayton 2001, Miller 2005). Horizontal–vertical differences also exist in the intertidal, wh ...
The Genetic Code: Francis Crick`s Legacy and Beyond
... example of “operational RNA code” [15] may be seen as a remnant in the acceptor stem of tRNA, which still functions as a critical recognition site by an aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase [16–18]. In addition, why are 20 amino acids involved in the genetic code? Discrimination of an amino acid with the high ...
... example of “operational RNA code” [15] may be seen as a remnant in the acceptor stem of tRNA, which still functions as a critical recognition site by an aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase [16–18]. In addition, why are 20 amino acids involved in the genetic code? Discrimination of an amino acid with the high ...
Paxton Lake Benthic and Limnetic Stickleback (Gasterosteus
... clutches within a breeding season than do limnetics. Like limnetics, males will mate with several to many females, but it is not clear if they nest more than once within a single breeding season. Population sizes and trends Only a single study in 2005 has estimated abundance of the Paxton species pa ...
... clutches within a breeding season than do limnetics. Like limnetics, males will mate with several to many females, but it is not clear if they nest more than once within a single breeding season. Population sizes and trends Only a single study in 2005 has estimated abundance of the Paxton species pa ...
Identification and temporal expression of putative circadian clock
... in the repression of clk transcription by binding VRI/PAR domain protein 1ε (PDP1ε) promoters (Cyran et al., 2003). VRI dependent repression also mediates transcription of output mRNAs that cycle in phase with clk, such as cryptochrome (Glossop et al., 2003). In mammals and some arthropods, CRYPTOCH ...
... in the repression of clk transcription by binding VRI/PAR domain protein 1ε (PDP1ε) promoters (Cyran et al., 2003). VRI dependent repression also mediates transcription of output mRNAs that cycle in phase with clk, such as cryptochrome (Glossop et al., 2003). In mammals and some arthropods, CRYPTOCH ...
Common Name: ETOWAH CRAYFISH Scientific Name: Cambarus
... Etowah crayfish have a gap between them when closed. Below Allatoona Dam, the Etowah crayfish can occur with the very similar Coosa crayfish (Cambarus coosae). The main difference separating these two species is the almost parallel-sided rostrum of the Coosa crayfish versus the pinched and more ant ...
... Etowah crayfish have a gap between them when closed. Below Allatoona Dam, the Etowah crayfish can occur with the very similar Coosa crayfish (Cambarus coosae). The main difference separating these two species is the almost parallel-sided rostrum of the Coosa crayfish versus the pinched and more ant ...
Marker, L. (2005). Cheetah conservation in Namibia. Animal
... of wildlife (game and cheetahs) to ensure gene flow. Strategies such as these, whereby the sustainable utilization of natural resources is encouraged, will be critical components of cheetah conservation outside protected areas. To reduce the levels of conflict between people and cheetahs, there must ...
... of wildlife (game and cheetahs) to ensure gene flow. Strategies such as these, whereby the sustainable utilization of natural resources is encouraged, will be critical components of cheetah conservation outside protected areas. To reduce the levels of conflict between people and cheetahs, there must ...
MULTIPLE CONTROLS OF COMMUNITY STRUCTURE AND
... principal components analysis (PCA). To test whether the multinormality requirement was fulfilled we computed Mahalanobis distances between each sample and the multidimensional mean of all samples, and then conducted a test of normality of the distances (Legendre and Legendre 1998). A chi-square test ...
... principal components analysis (PCA). To test whether the multinormality requirement was fulfilled we computed Mahalanobis distances between each sample and the multidimensional mean of all samples, and then conducted a test of normality of the distances (Legendre and Legendre 1998). A chi-square test ...
Parallel shifts in ecology and natural selection in an island lizard
... of the Environment, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA and 3Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of ...
... of the Environment, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA and 3Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of ...
Red-headed Woodpecker (Melanerpes erythrocephalus)
... show a significant decline of 3.4%/year between 1968 and 2005, which amounts to a 70% decrease in the population over the last 37 years. Short-term analyses based on the same methods show a non-significant decline of 0.70%/year between 1995 and 2005. At this rate of decline the population would have ...
... show a significant decline of 3.4%/year between 1968 and 2005, which amounts to a 70% decrease in the population over the last 37 years. Short-term analyses based on the same methods show a non-significant decline of 0.70%/year between 1995 and 2005. At this rate of decline the population would have ...
Genome Sequence of an Extremely Halophilic Archaeon
... TFB combinations for promoter selection. Consistent with this hypothesis, analysis of Fig. 4. (Opposite page) Integrated view of the genome of Halobacterium NRC-1 (4). Aspects of energy production, nutrient uptake, membrane assembly, cation and anion transport, and signal transduction are depicted. ...
... TFB combinations for promoter selection. Consistent with this hypothesis, analysis of Fig. 4. (Opposite page) Integrated view of the genome of Halobacterium NRC-1 (4). Aspects of energy production, nutrient uptake, membrane assembly, cation and anion transport, and signal transduction are depicted. ...
Life Science
... along the dorsal root where the sensory neuron makes a synapse with an interneuron. The impulse moves along the motor neuron to the effector/muscle in the leg. Leg is raised upwards. Impulse also moves to the brain to be interpreted. ...
... along the dorsal root where the sensory neuron makes a synapse with an interneuron. The impulse moves along the motor neuron to the effector/muscle in the leg. Leg is raised upwards. Impulse also moves to the brain to be interpreted. ...
A comparison of egg-bank and long-term plankton dynamics of two
... to the 1990s (,10%). In contrast, the proportion of ephippia without spines (D. galeata–like ephippia) increased from 0% to 80% during the same time period. Additionally, we found ephippia with few spines, which may represent hybrids. This type of ephippia also occurred for the first time during the ...
... to the 1990s (,10%). In contrast, the proportion of ephippia without spines (D. galeata–like ephippia) increased from 0% to 80% during the same time period. Additionally, we found ephippia with few spines, which may represent hybrids. This type of ephippia also occurred for the first time during the ...
Phylogenetic diversity stabilizes community
... 12 protist species. The inoculum was created by mixing 1 ml stock culture of each species and passing the mixed culture through a 1.0-µm pore size filter to remove protist individuals. The bacterized medium was incubated for 3 days under room temperature (~22°C), before introducing ~100 individuals ...
... 12 protist species. The inoculum was created by mixing 1 ml stock culture of each species and passing the mixed culture through a 1.0-µm pore size filter to remove protist individuals. The bacterized medium was incubated for 3 days under room temperature (~22°C), before introducing ~100 individuals ...
How deer benefit the environment.
... enhance woody tree production because this may have dire consequences for the entire ecosystem. ...
... enhance woody tree production because this may have dire consequences for the entire ecosystem. ...
A New View of Species Extinction - The Dartmouth Undergraduate
... marvel and present possible research opportunities, killer whales have a greater economic benefit and will be easier to sustain. The loss of blue whales is likely to have relatively low ecological impact, and they may be beyond saving already. The already low economic revenue from blue whales would ...
... marvel and present possible research opportunities, killer whales have a greater economic benefit and will be easier to sustain. The loss of blue whales is likely to have relatively low ecological impact, and they may be beyond saving already. The already low economic revenue from blue whales would ...
The Extinction of the Glaucus Macaw
... groves, that fruited year round and had fruits near to 19 mm in diameter, it was a simple matter to analyze the possible candidates. In the areas along the Uruguay river where the Glaucus Macaws were known to occur there are only four palm species that occurred in the types of groves used by Andorhy ...
... groves, that fruited year round and had fruits near to 19 mm in diameter, it was a simple matter to analyze the possible candidates. In the areas along the Uruguay river where the Glaucus Macaws were known to occur there are only four palm species that occurred in the types of groves used by Andorhy ...
Predator–prey relationships and responses of ungulates and their
... the blocks prior to the counts. The beaters, who did not know in advance in which blocks the deer were located, detected all the collared hog deer and 12 of the 14 muntjacs. Owing to the very intensive sampling, and that we recorded the deer known to be in the blocks on nearly all occasions, we assu ...
... the blocks prior to the counts. The beaters, who did not know in advance in which blocks the deer were located, detected all the collared hog deer and 12 of the 14 muntjacs. Owing to the very intensive sampling, and that we recorded the deer known to be in the blocks on nearly all occasions, we assu ...
Patterns of trophic niche divergence between invasive and native
... with mesocosm as a random effect (Dossena et al. 2012). The significance of each treatment on the trophic position of each species was assessed by starting with the most complex model and then simplifying by removing non-significant terms using maximum-likelihood ratio tests due to different fixed e ...
... with mesocosm as a random effect (Dossena et al. 2012). The significance of each treatment on the trophic position of each species was assessed by starting with the most complex model and then simplifying by removing non-significant terms using maximum-likelihood ratio tests due to different fixed e ...
J. Evol. Biol.
... To examine whether life-history divergence between populations is because of phenotypic plasticity or the result of genetic differences, we also evaluated fish from a population-level common garden–rearing experiment (Tobler et al., 2008a). Laboratory stocks of fish were available from all four popu ...
... To examine whether life-history divergence between populations is because of phenotypic plasticity or the result of genetic differences, we also evaluated fish from a population-level common garden–rearing experiment (Tobler et al., 2008a). Laboratory stocks of fish were available from all four popu ...
Palm Springs pocket mouse - Center for Biological Diversity
... The species is the smallest of the Heteromyidae family that also includes kangaroo rats, kangaroo mice, and spiny pocket mice. The Palm Springs pocket mouse was originally described by Mearns (1898) with the type locality in Palm Springs. Life Cycle: Pocket mice of the P. longimembris group are noct ...
... The species is the smallest of the Heteromyidae family that also includes kangaroo rats, kangaroo mice, and spiny pocket mice. The Palm Springs pocket mouse was originally described by Mearns (1898) with the type locality in Palm Springs. Life Cycle: Pocket mice of the P. longimembris group are noct ...
FORESTRY 215 - FOREST ECOLOGY SYLLABUS SPRING 2017
... different locations are likely to be, what disturbances and other abiotic factors are likely to be important, what stages of succession and forest development are present, and how various important plant and animal species are likely to interact with each other and their abiotic environment. Student ...
... different locations are likely to be, what disturbances and other abiotic factors are likely to be important, what stages of succession and forest development are present, and how various important plant and animal species are likely to interact with each other and their abiotic environment. Student ...
Time course of plant diversity effects on
... Centaurea jacea performance measurements We recorded growth-related (biomass, height and number of leaves) and reproduction-related traits (number of shoots and number and width of flower heads) of Centaurea and tested the effect of insecticide by estimating herbivory. Harvest of the transplants and ...
... Centaurea jacea performance measurements We recorded growth-related (biomass, height and number of leaves) and reproduction-related traits (number of shoots and number and width of flower heads) of Centaurea and tested the effect of insecticide by estimating herbivory. Harvest of the transplants and ...