Patterns of nucleotide and amino acid substitution
... of two nucleotides can be present in a codon for a single amino acid. 4-fold redundant sites are those at which any of the four nucleotides can be present in a codon for a single amino acid. In some cases there is redundancy in the first codon position, e.g, both AGA and CGA are codons for arginine. ...
... of two nucleotides can be present in a codon for a single amino acid. 4-fold redundant sites are those at which any of the four nucleotides can be present in a codon for a single amino acid. In some cases there is redundancy in the first codon position, e.g, both AGA and CGA are codons for arginine. ...
Saving the World`s Terrestrial Megafauna
... equest the help of individuals, governments, corporations, and nongovernmental organizations to stop practices that are harmful to these species and to actively engage in helping to reverse declines in megafauna. 8. S trive for increased awareness among the global public of the current megafauna ...
... equest the help of individuals, governments, corporations, and nongovernmental organizations to stop practices that are harmful to these species and to actively engage in helping to reverse declines in megafauna. 8. S trive for increased awareness among the global public of the current megafauna ...
Altitudinal zonation among lizards of the genus
... altitudinal distributions focused on specific causal factors that appear to play major roles in setting distributional limits. Another way of ordering the discussion could have been to focus upon each species separately, addressing how the different hypothesized factors are influential under differe ...
... altitudinal distributions focused on specific causal factors that appear to play major roles in setting distributional limits. Another way of ordering the discussion could have been to focus upon each species separately, addressing how the different hypothesized factors are influential under differe ...
Eco-evolutionary dynamics of communities and ecosystems
... do ecological and evolutionary dynamics have on each other over ecologically relevant time-scales? Evolutionary and ecological dynamics are likely to be co-dependent when changes in genotype frequency result in a change in the phenotypic traits that crucially affect interaction strength among popula ...
... do ecological and evolutionary dynamics have on each other over ecologically relevant time-scales? Evolutionary and ecological dynamics are likely to be co-dependent when changes in genotype frequency result in a change in the phenotypic traits that crucially affect interaction strength among popula ...
The origin of troglobites
... habits. Far from being in competition with each other, many of these species are essential to each other's continued survival. Their great variety of lifestyles and their inter-dependence show that they have been moulded by different but inter-related evolutionary pressures which stem from the commu ...
... habits. Far from being in competition with each other, many of these species are essential to each other's continued survival. Their great variety of lifestyles and their inter-dependence show that they have been moulded by different but inter-related evolutionary pressures which stem from the commu ...
Community specificity: life and afterlife effects of genes
... Community and ecosystem phenotypes: the effects of genes at levels higher than the population [6]. Community genetics: the study of the genetic interactions that occur between species and their abiotic environment in complex communities [6]. Community specificity: the genetically based tendency for ...
... Community and ecosystem phenotypes: the effects of genes at levels higher than the population [6]. Community genetics: the study of the genetic interactions that occur between species and their abiotic environment in complex communities [6]. Community specificity: the genetically based tendency for ...
Marine biology: No head start
... parents can predict the environment the offspring will experience and get them ready for it — a biological head start of sorts. As the climate changes rapidly, some ecologists have suggested that this acclimation may help species along. On the contrary, in this issue of Nature Climate Change Welch a ...
... parents can predict the environment the offspring will experience and get them ready for it — a biological head start of sorts. As the climate changes rapidly, some ecologists have suggested that this acclimation may help species along. On the contrary, in this issue of Nature Climate Change Welch a ...
Biotic Invasions: Causes, Epidemiology Biotic Invasions: Causes
... adapted to the new range. The lag phase would reflect time for emergence of newly adapted genotypes, although proof of this explanation has proven elusive. • Habitat alteration. A lag may simply reflect the time between immigrants’ entry and the later alteration of habitat (e.g. the fire regime, liv ...
... adapted to the new range. The lag phase would reflect time for emergence of newly adapted genotypes, although proof of this explanation has proven elusive. • Habitat alteration. A lag may simply reflect the time between immigrants’ entry and the later alteration of habitat (e.g. the fire regime, liv ...
16, Biological Resources
... of crops Antibiotics and medicines Biological processes (nitrogen fixation) ...
... of crops Antibiotics and medicines Biological processes (nitrogen fixation) ...
The potential role of ecological corridors for habitat conservation in
... Ministerkonferenz für Raumordnung 1992, Ministere van de Vlaamse Gemeenschap 1994, Liro 1995, Peterken et al. 1995, Kavaliauskas 1996, Sabo et al. 1996). The ecological corridor concept, however, is dependant on two critical provisos. The first is that species of plant and animal of conservation val ...
... Ministerkonferenz für Raumordnung 1992, Ministere van de Vlaamse Gemeenschap 1994, Liro 1995, Peterken et al. 1995, Kavaliauskas 1996, Sabo et al. 1996). The ecological corridor concept, however, is dependant on two critical provisos. The first is that species of plant and animal of conservation val ...
spider competition in structurally simple
... were higher, and their webs were higher in the vegetation in the Metepeira removal plots. Spiller’s findings are significant because they represent clear evidence of how interspecific competition can influence both space use and fitness in spiders. However, it is also revealing that these results co ...
... were higher, and their webs were higher in the vegetation in the Metepeira removal plots. Spiller’s findings are significant because they represent clear evidence of how interspecific competition can influence both space use and fitness in spiders. However, it is also revealing that these results co ...
Key Publications - Details and Abstracts PDF, 286.38 KB
... and their explanations, including Rapoport’s rule. Energy input, measured by temperature or potential evapotranspiration, correlates best with the gradients. However, such a correlation does not "explain" them. It merely suggests explanations, which may be either different ceilings to diversity set ...
... and their explanations, including Rapoport’s rule. Energy input, measured by temperature or potential evapotranspiration, correlates best with the gradients. However, such a correlation does not "explain" them. It merely suggests explanations, which may be either different ceilings to diversity set ...
Plant Physiology
... Rhizobium (sensu luto) allows the two organisms to recognize each other as symbionts (Bohlool and Schmidt, 1974). Although there is extensive evidence supporting the hypothesis, other experiments contradict it. Thus, the controversy remains unresolved. As a first step to testing the lectin recogniti ...
... Rhizobium (sensu luto) allows the two organisms to recognize each other as symbionts (Bohlool and Schmidt, 1974). Although there is extensive evidence supporting the hypothesis, other experiments contradict it. Thus, the controversy remains unresolved. As a first step to testing the lectin recogniti ...
Lesson Overview - Bloomsburg Area School District
... In some situations, ____________________ limits populations. For example, _____________, by catching more and more fish every year, have raised ______ death rates so high that birthrates cannot keep up. As a result, cod populations have been dropping. These populations can _____________ if we ...
... In some situations, ____________________ limits populations. For example, _____________, by catching more and more fish every year, have raised ______ death rates so high that birthrates cannot keep up. As a result, cod populations have been dropping. These populations can _____________ if we ...
Summary
... But what model should we use? • If your going to start something like wildlife management, usually creativity of ideas is limited by historical and cultural confines. • Trained in forestry (tree farming) • So with this the mold was struck: Wildlife were to be managed as livestock. ...
... But what model should we use? • If your going to start something like wildlife management, usually creativity of ideas is limited by historical and cultural confines. • Trained in forestry (tree farming) • So with this the mold was struck: Wildlife were to be managed as livestock. ...
Zoology Edition
... A power . presentation from T.MADHAVAN, M.Sc., M.L.I.S., M.Ed., M. Phil. (FS), PG.D.C.A., Lecturer in Zoology. INDEX ...
... A power . presentation from T.MADHAVAN, M.Sc., M.L.I.S., M.Ed., M. Phil. (FS), PG.D.C.A., Lecturer in Zoology. INDEX ...
GmDREB5 Tiendai, Vietnam Chu Hoang Lan Nguyen Vu Thanh Thanh
... not only have high economic and nutritional value but only play an important role in improving soil fertility and sustainable use of cultivated land resources. In recent years, droughts have occurred more and more commonly as a result of global warming and climate change. This has affected the growt ...
... not only have high economic and nutritional value but only play an important role in improving soil fertility and sustainable use of cultivated land resources. In recent years, droughts have occurred more and more commonly as a result of global warming and climate change. This has affected the growt ...
How Populations Grow
... – Graph showing the number of individuals in a population over time – Increase Population: • Birthrate: rate at which new individuals are added to the population • Immigration: movement of individuals into a population – Decrease population: • Death rate: reduces the size of a population • Emigratio ...
... – Graph showing the number of individuals in a population over time – Increase Population: • Birthrate: rate at which new individuals are added to the population • Immigration: movement of individuals into a population – Decrease population: • Death rate: reduces the size of a population • Emigratio ...
OFFICIAL TESTER PROGRAM HERE!
... a predominant role. What are the genetics of this process, and how do genes improve our understanding of underlying mechanisms? I describe ongoing work to address these questions in a complex of young fish species (threespine stickleback) inhabiting lakes of the Pacific Northwest. I show with an exp ...
... a predominant role. What are the genetics of this process, and how do genes improve our understanding of underlying mechanisms? I describe ongoing work to address these questions in a complex of young fish species (threespine stickleback) inhabiting lakes of the Pacific Northwest. I show with an exp ...
Experimental test of plant defence evolution in four species using
... plants. We simulated rabbit grazing by removing the above-ground biomass of plants to a height of 1 cm above the soil surface using a razor blade as per Turley et al. (2013). For populations with 11 or more replicate plants, we damaged a random half of the plants. For populations with 10 plants or l ...
... plants. We simulated rabbit grazing by removing the above-ground biomass of plants to a height of 1 cm above the soil surface using a razor blade as per Turley et al. (2013). For populations with 11 or more replicate plants, we damaged a random half of the plants. For populations with 10 plants or l ...
MP1
... Minimum evolution method … As with least squares, S should ideally be computed for all possible trees but this is impossible with many taxa One shortcut is to start search with neighbor-joining tree and then evaluate closely related trees to find the best one Close neighbor interchange (CNI) s ...
... Minimum evolution method … As with least squares, S should ideally be computed for all possible trees but this is impossible with many taxa One shortcut is to start search with neighbor-joining tree and then evaluate closely related trees to find the best one Close neighbor interchange (CNI) s ...
Biodiversity as spatial insurance: the effects of habitat fragmentation
... This variation in fragment area translates into spatial variation in species diversity that may be exacerbated by a mix of deterministic and stochastic patterns of extinction and colonization across fragments (Wright et al. 2007). What are the consequences of spatial variance in diversity from fragm ...
... This variation in fragment area translates into spatial variation in species diversity that may be exacerbated by a mix of deterministic and stochastic patterns of extinction and colonization across fragments (Wright et al. 2007). What are the consequences of spatial variance in diversity from fragm ...