2005ecology
... August. All sedentary insects on the plants were counted and identified to species in the field where possible. Individuals that were not readily identifiable were collected for identification. Arthropods were only considered to be herbivores if they were observed feeding on the plant or were known ...
... August. All sedentary insects on the plants were counted and identified to species in the field where possible. Individuals that were not readily identifiable were collected for identification. Arthropods were only considered to be herbivores if they were observed feeding on the plant or were known ...
Gillman and Wright 2006 - Reed F. Noss Lab at the University of
... Abstract. Despite much scrutiny the relationship between productivity and species richness remains controversial, and there is little agreement about causal processes. We present the results of a survey of 159 productivity–plant species richness (P–PSR) relationships from 131 published studies. We c ...
... Abstract. Despite much scrutiny the relationship between productivity and species richness remains controversial, and there is little agreement about causal processes. We present the results of a survey of 159 productivity–plant species richness (P–PSR) relationships from 131 published studies. We c ...
here - Ammonia Workshop Edinburgh 2006
... • What would be the critical levels for long-term exposure to atmospheric ammonia over a period of 20-30 years, comparable with the protection period for empirical critical loads? (i.e. the mean NH3 concentration that is sustainable in the long term) • Is there sufficient data/understanding to speci ...
... • What would be the critical levels for long-term exposure to atmospheric ammonia over a period of 20-30 years, comparable with the protection period for empirical critical loads? (i.e. the mean NH3 concentration that is sustainable in the long term) • Is there sufficient data/understanding to speci ...
Biogeography and ecology: towards the integration of two disciplines
... conceptually useful term that can be applied to all ecological systems, but has informed theory primarily in closed systems (i.e. those that neither receive nor export organisms), as in the Lotka–Volterra equations for competition and predation. This community concept struggles with the more open sy ...
... conceptually useful term that can be applied to all ecological systems, but has informed theory primarily in closed systems (i.e. those that neither receive nor export organisms), as in the Lotka–Volterra equations for competition and predation. This community concept struggles with the more open sy ...
Mate Selection-A Selection for a Handicap
... attractiveness of the male. Once sexual selection begins to have its effect, it generates a rapid chain of events in which the preference itself creates a selective pressure which accounts for the exaggerated development of the character and its additional attractiveness. Fisher suggested that (at t ...
... attractiveness of the male. Once sexual selection begins to have its effect, it generates a rapid chain of events in which the preference itself creates a selective pressure which accounts for the exaggerated development of the character and its additional attractiveness. Fisher suggested that (at t ...
population density
... a deer’s habitat if the density of the deer population decreases over a given time. What is that resources may be depleted or community may have changed due to arrival of a new predator Continue ...
... a deer’s habitat if the density of the deer population decreases over a given time. What is that resources may be depleted or community may have changed due to arrival of a new predator Continue ...
Clupea harengus
... complex feeding and spawning migrations. Spawning occurs from spring to late autumn (see systematics below). The eggs are deposited on the substrate. The species is a facultative zooplanktivorous-filter feeder, i.e. it can switch to filter-feeding if the food density and particle size is appropriate ...
... complex feeding and spawning migrations. Spawning occurs from spring to late autumn (see systematics below). The eggs are deposited on the substrate. The species is a facultative zooplanktivorous-filter feeder, i.e. it can switch to filter-feeding if the food density and particle size is appropriate ...
Brown JS. 2016 - City, University of London
... The fitness generating function, G, is so called because it becomes the fitness function for individuals using strategy ui when ui is substituted for the focal individual’s strategy v. The fitness generating function imagines n 1 different strategies present in the population. Depending on the con ...
... The fitness generating function, G, is so called because it becomes the fitness function for individuals using strategy ui when ui is substituted for the focal individual’s strategy v. The fitness generating function imagines n 1 different strategies present in the population. Depending on the con ...
Why Darwin would have loved evolutionary game theory
... The fitness generating function, G, is so called because it becomes the fitness function for individuals using strategy ui when ui is substituted for the focal individual’s strategy v. The fitness generating function imagines n 1 different strategies present in the population. Depending on the con ...
... The fitness generating function, G, is so called because it becomes the fitness function for individuals using strategy ui when ui is substituted for the focal individual’s strategy v. The fitness generating function imagines n 1 different strategies present in the population. Depending on the con ...
this PDF file - Florida Online Journals
... the needs to attain mates and avoid being eaten. For example, the bright and bold upper wings of many male butterflies are exposed in flight and used in intraspecific signaling while the under wings, exposed when resting and feeding, are cryptically colored to avoid predation. Such visual compromise ...
... the needs to attain mates and avoid being eaten. For example, the bright and bold upper wings of many male butterflies are exposed in flight and used in intraspecific signaling while the under wings, exposed when resting and feeding, are cryptically colored to avoid predation. Such visual compromise ...
Competition with Fisheries
... the increase in harp seal abundance. Although the results of at least one ecosystem modeling study support the hypothesis that the recovery of these cod populations is being retarded to some extent by the increased abundance of harp seals, ecosystem models generally have poor predictive reliability, ...
... the increase in harp seal abundance. Although the results of at least one ecosystem modeling study support the hypothesis that the recovery of these cod populations is being retarded to some extent by the increased abundance of harp seals, ecosystem models generally have poor predictive reliability, ...
from wsl.ch
... and can be replaced by recruits from the local community or by immigrants. 3. Propagule supply is determined by offspring production and by propagule dispersal. Only adults that are at least one time step old can produce propagules. Offspring production rate is determined by the local (temperature a ...
... and can be replaced by recruits from the local community or by immigrants. 3. Propagule supply is determined by offspring production and by propagule dispersal. Only adults that are at least one time step old can produce propagules. Offspring production rate is determined by the local (temperature a ...
Effects of predation and variation in species relative
... levels of variation in the richness and abundance of species within and among communities. Hubbell’s neutral models have drawn attention because they reproduce several characteristic features of natural communities. But neutral models are criticized for ignoring nonrandom processes known to cause sp ...
... levels of variation in the richness and abundance of species within and among communities. Hubbell’s neutral models have drawn attention because they reproduce several characteristic features of natural communities. But neutral models are criticized for ignoring nonrandom processes known to cause sp ...
(Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) in the shortgrass steppe
... have been described in more detail by Lauenroth and Milchunas (1991). Visually, the shortgrass steppe appears to be composed of 2 coarsely defined habitat types that extend for dozens of square kilometers: upland areas dominated by shortgrasses with few shrubs and lowland floodplains with numerous s ...
... have been described in more detail by Lauenroth and Milchunas (1991). Visually, the shortgrass steppe appears to be composed of 2 coarsely defined habitat types that extend for dozens of square kilometers: upland areas dominated by shortgrasses with few shrubs and lowland floodplains with numerous s ...
We have developed, for the IBM-PC
... programs perform those functions which are most essential and the most frequently used for recording, assembling and interpreting DNA sequence data. Their design is modular, which allows for individual programs to be upgraded or replaced, and provides for maximum economy in memory usage. Although th ...
... programs perform those functions which are most essential and the most frequently used for recording, assembling and interpreting DNA sequence data. Their design is modular, which allows for individual programs to be upgraded or replaced, and provides for maximum economy in memory usage. Although th ...
Long-Term Demographic Trends, Limiting Factors, and the Strength
... Since 1986, we have been studying the year-round ecology of a migratory songbird, the Black-throated Blue Warbler (Dendroica caerulescens) in both its breeding and wintering areas (Holmes et al. 1989; Rodenhouse and Holmes 1992; Holmes et al. 1992, 1996; Sillett et al. 2000; Sillett and Holmes 2002) ...
... Since 1986, we have been studying the year-round ecology of a migratory songbird, the Black-throated Blue Warbler (Dendroica caerulescens) in both its breeding and wintering areas (Holmes et al. 1989; Rodenhouse and Holmes 1992; Holmes et al. 1992, 1996; Sillett et al. 2000; Sillett and Holmes 2002) ...
Introduction to Molecular Systematics
... Gap Number and Length • All else being equal, is it better to assume fewer longer gaps, or more shorter gaps? • In other words, what is more likely: – For a new indel to occur? – For an existing indel to lengthen? ...
... Gap Number and Length • All else being equal, is it better to assume fewer longer gaps, or more shorter gaps? • In other words, what is more likely: – For a new indel to occur? – For an existing indel to lengthen? ...
Answers - Hodder Plus Home
... minerals, landscape, climate. 3 A pyramid of numbers represents the number of organisms (producers and consumers) coexisting in an ecosystem; a pyramid of biomass represents the standing stock of each trophic level measured in units, such as grams of biomass per square metre (g m−2); both pyramids ...
... minerals, landscape, climate. 3 A pyramid of numbers represents the number of organisms (producers and consumers) coexisting in an ecosystem; a pyramid of biomass represents the standing stock of each trophic level measured in units, such as grams of biomass per square metre (g m−2); both pyramids ...
a review and synthesis1
... Bagrus meridionalis Günther, 1894. In the verbal model, Fryer (1959: 444) presented the case of “a stock of fishes split into two (it could be more) populations … suppose that population A begins to specialize in a certain direction X and population C begins to specialize in a different direction Y ...
... Bagrus meridionalis Günther, 1894. In the verbal model, Fryer (1959: 444) presented the case of “a stock of fishes split into two (it could be more) populations … suppose that population A begins to specialize in a certain direction X and population C begins to specialize in a different direction Y ...
The world's richest tadpole communities show functional redundancy and low functional
... and random assemblages can be used to test for non-randomness, which can highlight general processes of community assembly [17], such as competition or environmental filtering [18]. Communities harbouring a large number of species are likely to contain species that are redundant in their ecological ...
... and random assemblages can be used to test for non-randomness, which can highlight general processes of community assembly [17], such as competition or environmental filtering [18]. Communities harbouring a large number of species are likely to contain species that are redundant in their ecological ...
1 From plants to communities - Biology Department | UNC Chapel Hill
... periodically-shed exoskeleton that includes cellulose-like material, but there is sufficient protein ...
... periodically-shed exoskeleton that includes cellulose-like material, but there is sufficient protein ...
Latest Pleistocene Vertebrates in Western Canada
... simus, and deer, Odocoileus sp. Megalonyx was likely a riparian zone browser but its wide distribution in North America suggests considerable dietary breadth. Mountain goats (Oreamnos americanus) were also present on Vancouver Island, though they do not occur there today, and likely dispersed northw ...
... simus, and deer, Odocoileus sp. Megalonyx was likely a riparian zone browser but its wide distribution in North America suggests considerable dietary breadth. Mountain goats (Oreamnos americanus) were also present on Vancouver Island, though they do not occur there today, and likely dispersed northw ...
Dispersal: a central trait in life history
... of its constituent individuals. A life history-theory that includes dispersal is thus needed to understand the diversity of life forms on Earth and their dynamics in space and time. Several prominent theoretical frameworks aiming to explain both dispersal and classical life-histories tend to assume ...
... of its constituent individuals. A life history-theory that includes dispersal is thus needed to understand the diversity of life forms on Earth and their dynamics in space and time. Several prominent theoretical frameworks aiming to explain both dispersal and classical life-histories tend to assume ...
populations
... • Population growth rate: amount the population has changed divided by the time it had to change • Population growth curves: graph how populations grow; used to find • How fast a population could grow • How many individuals there are now • What the future population size could be © 2011 Pearson Educ ...
... • Population growth rate: amount the population has changed divided by the time it had to change • Population growth curves: graph how populations grow; used to find • How fast a population could grow • How many individuals there are now • What the future population size could be © 2011 Pearson Educ ...
Dispersal: a central trait in life history
... of its constituent individuals. A life history-theory that includes dispersal is thus needed to understand the diversity of life forms on Earth and their dynamics in space and time. Several prominent theoretical frameworks aiming to explain both dispersal and classical life-histories tend to assume ...
... of its constituent individuals. A life history-theory that includes dispersal is thus needed to understand the diversity of life forms on Earth and their dynamics in space and time. Several prominent theoretical frameworks aiming to explain both dispersal and classical life-histories tend to assume ...