Combined effects of salinity and temperature on survival and
... experimental design incorporated three variables (species, salinity and temperature) for a total of 45 treatment conditions (5 3 3 3 3), and a total n of 2250 individuals (45 3 50). Artemia were fed yeast and Dunaliella (a unicellular algae) alternately every other day (the maximum amount which coul ...
... experimental design incorporated three variables (species, salinity and temperature) for a total of 45 treatment conditions (5 3 3 3 3), and a total n of 2250 individuals (45 3 50). Artemia were fed yeast and Dunaliella (a unicellular algae) alternately every other day (the maximum amount which coul ...
symbiosis, lateral function transfer and the (many) saplings of life
... account for these developments in microbiology (Doolittle and Bapteste 2007). We have seen in this issue how these developments have been defined and analyzed. It is relatively safe to say that, whereas these scientific advancements were initially rejected as genuine (or significant) biological phen ...
... account for these developments in microbiology (Doolittle and Bapteste 2007). We have seen in this issue how these developments have been defined and analyzed. It is relatively safe to say that, whereas these scientific advancements were initially rejected as genuine (or significant) biological phen ...
Linking ecosystem and parasite ecology Michel Loreau,
... data (Tilman et al. 2001; van Ruijven and Berendse 2003). These new studies have all shown that plant diversity influences primary production through a complementarity effect generated by niche differentiation (which enhances resource exploitation by the community as a whole) and facilitation. Thus, ...
... data (Tilman et al. 2001; van Ruijven and Berendse 2003). These new studies have all shown that plant diversity influences primary production through a complementarity effect generated by niche differentiation (which enhances resource exploitation by the community as a whole) and facilitation. Thus, ...
CO 2
... resupplying an area with key factors that have been removed • Encouraging the growth of plants that thrive on nutrient-poor soils can hasten the rate of recovery of some tropical areas – In Puerto Rico, the legume Albizia helped set the stage for recolonization by native species Figure 38.11B Copyri ...
... resupplying an area with key factors that have been removed • Encouraging the growth of plants that thrive on nutrient-poor soils can hasten the rate of recovery of some tropical areas – In Puerto Rico, the legume Albizia helped set the stage for recolonization by native species Figure 38.11B Copyri ...
Regeneration of Sponges in Ecological Context: Is Regeneration an
... sponges simply regenerate as quickly as possible, given constraints imposed by skeletal construction, morphology, or other traits that are determined primarily by evolutionary heritage? Does allocation of energy or materials impose trade-offs between regeneration versus competing processes such as g ...
... sponges simply regenerate as quickly as possible, given constraints imposed by skeletal construction, morphology, or other traits that are determined primarily by evolutionary heritage? Does allocation of energy or materials impose trade-offs between regeneration versus competing processes such as g ...
Overview of Ecological Responses to the Eruption of Mount St. Helens
... so plants avoided damage to foliage that might have occurred if the eruption had been just a few weeks later. The status of succession across the Mount St. Helens landscape before the eruption influenced the ability of species present to survive. In the first few years after 1980, for example, preerup ...
... so plants avoided damage to foliage that might have occurred if the eruption had been just a few weeks later. The status of succession across the Mount St. Helens landscape before the eruption influenced the ability of species present to survive. In the first few years after 1980, for example, preerup ...
Growth Rings in the Roots of Temperate Forbs are Robust Annual
... The anatomical basis of annual growth increments (hereafter referred to as “annual rings”) in the roots of forbs is the formation of earlywood vessels with large lumina in spring and latewood vessels with smaller lumina in late summer and autumn (Dietz and Ullmann, 1997; von Arx and Dietz, 2005). Si ...
... The anatomical basis of annual growth increments (hereafter referred to as “annual rings”) in the roots of forbs is the formation of earlywood vessels with large lumina in spring and latewood vessels with smaller lumina in late summer and autumn (Dietz and Ullmann, 1997; von Arx and Dietz, 2005). Si ...
... Recent estimates of the magnitude of species’ range shifts, extinctions, and changes in ecosystem processes resulting from climatic change are alarming (Erasmus et al. 2002, Peterson et al. 2002, Midgley et al. 2003, Parmesan and Yohe 2003, Root et al. 2003a, Williams et al. 2003, Thomas et al. 2004 ...
Giving-up densities of foraging gerbils: the effect of interspecific
... dealt with studies on the foraging behavior of the species on manipulated seed patches in different situations (e.g., different habitat types) in open grids. While the first revealed the interference competition by G. pyramidum (above), the second revealed the ability of G. a. allenbyi to forage seed l ...
... dealt with studies on the foraging behavior of the species on manipulated seed patches in different situations (e.g., different habitat types) in open grids. While the first revealed the interference competition by G. pyramidum (above), the second revealed the ability of G. a. allenbyi to forage seed l ...
Tips for Writing First-Year Biology Labs
... We also asked whether earthworm diversity and abundance was correlated with decreases in litter layer, seed germination, and sapling growth. Do integrate source material into your writing (begin and end the second paragraph in your own words). Don’t use source material unrelated to your topic or sim ...
... We also asked whether earthworm diversity and abundance was correlated with decreases in litter layer, seed germination, and sapling growth. Do integrate source material into your writing (begin and end the second paragraph in your own words). Don’t use source material unrelated to your topic or sim ...
Reproductive Success of Migratory Birds in Habitat Sources and Sinks
... (Faaborg et al., in press) and may result in lower recruitm e n t of individuals into the breeding population. This lower recruitment may negatively influence future demographic trends at the local scale (Sherry & Holmes 1992) and may explain w h y most long-term declines of forest-nesting migrants ...
... (Faaborg et al., in press) and may result in lower recruitm e n t of individuals into the breeding population. This lower recruitment may negatively influence future demographic trends at the local scale (Sherry & Holmes 1992) and may explain w h y most long-term declines of forest-nesting migrants ...
Genetics revisited - Institut Montefiore
... the characteristics of a species. Over long periods of time, natural selection acts on these variations to evolve or change the species. The presence or absence of DNA evidence at a crime scene could mean the difference between a guilty verdict and an acquittal. Governments have spent enormous amo ...
... the characteristics of a species. Over long periods of time, natural selection acts on these variations to evolve or change the species. The presence or absence of DNA evidence at a crime scene could mean the difference between a guilty verdict and an acquittal. Governments have spent enormous amo ...
big questions about small primates
... are significantly underestimating evolutionary diversity when we rely solely on visual information (i.e., morphological characters) as our guide for species identification, asserting that untold amounts of genetic biodiversity will be underappreciated using such methods. Jones anticipated that “adva ...
... are significantly underestimating evolutionary diversity when we rely solely on visual information (i.e., morphological characters) as our guide for species identification, asserting that untold amounts of genetic biodiversity will be underappreciated using such methods. Jones anticipated that “adva ...
Demographic drivers of successional changes in phylogenetic
... successional communities. Assuming that early-successional species are clustered within the angiosperm phylogeny and that late-successional species show a more even phylogenetic distribution, we expect phylogenetic evenness to increase over succession. Such a pattern can be the result of two simulta ...
... successional communities. Assuming that early-successional species are clustered within the angiosperm phylogeny and that late-successional species show a more even phylogenetic distribution, we expect phylogenetic evenness to increase over succession. Such a pattern can be the result of two simulta ...
Regeneration of Sponges in Ecological Context
... sponges simply regenerate as quickly as possible, given constraints imposed by skeletal construction, morphology, or other traits that are determined primarily by evolutionary heritage? Does allocation of energy or materials impose trade-offs between regeneration versus competing processes such as g ...
... sponges simply regenerate as quickly as possible, given constraints imposed by skeletal construction, morphology, or other traits that are determined primarily by evolutionary heritage? Does allocation of energy or materials impose trade-offs between regeneration versus competing processes such as g ...
A dual frame survey to assess time- and space
... flow from the Apennines to the Alps with a small number of founders, explaining the actual genetic diversity of the alpine population (Fabbri et al., 2007). Wolf recovery in France takes place in an area of intensive agricultural activity with large flocks of sheep grazing in summer pastures. This r ...
... flow from the Apennines to the Alps with a small number of founders, explaining the actual genetic diversity of the alpine population (Fabbri et al., 2007). Wolf recovery in France takes place in an area of intensive agricultural activity with large flocks of sheep grazing in summer pastures. This r ...
Report Specialization, Constraints, and Conflicting Interests in
... t = 22.4, p < 0.05). In seed-dispersal and ant-myrmecophyte networks, differences between animals and plants in specialization did not deviate significantly from the expected on the basis of asymmetry (both p R 0.10). The increased residual specialization observed in pollinators, but not seed disper ...
... t = 22.4, p < 0.05). In seed-dispersal and ant-myrmecophyte networks, differences between animals and plants in specialization did not deviate significantly from the expected on the basis of asymmetry (both p R 0.10). The increased residual specialization observed in pollinators, but not seed disper ...
Fredrik Lysholm Bioinformatic methods for characterization of viral pathogens in metagenomic samples Linköping studies in science and technology
... can be considered as the blueprint of the organism, from which all parts are built. Different organisms have different amounts of DNA, and range from as few as 160 kilobases in Carsonella ruddii [7] (less than 1/10th of the information stored in a normal digital camera picture), via the Human genome ...
... can be considered as the blueprint of the organism, from which all parts are built. Different organisms have different amounts of DNA, and range from as few as 160 kilobases in Carsonella ruddii [7] (less than 1/10th of the information stored in a normal digital camera picture), via the Human genome ...
The Northern Rocky Mountain Gray Wolf Is Not Yet Recovered
... genetic connectivity among subpopulations—“The importance of movement of individuals between sub-populations cannot be overemphasized” (EIS 1994, p. 42)—which had not been achieved between the isolated YNP wolf packs and the rest of the DPS (VonHoldt et al. 2008). Without demonstrating the presence ...
... genetic connectivity among subpopulations—“The importance of movement of individuals between sub-populations cannot be overemphasized” (EIS 1994, p. 42)—which had not been achieved between the isolated YNP wolf packs and the rest of the DPS (VonHoldt et al. 2008). Without demonstrating the presence ...
Temporal variability of forest communities: empirical estimates of
... changes (Ni,t+1 Nit)2 with initial abundance (Nit) and compared it to theoretical predictions. To make theoretical predictions, we used models of population change incorporating demographic variance and environmental variance. Demographic variance Theory predicts that if demographic variance is th ...
... changes (Ni,t+1 Nit)2 with initial abundance (Nit) and compared it to theoretical predictions. To make theoretical predictions, we used models of population change incorporating demographic variance and environmental variance. Demographic variance Theory predicts that if demographic variance is th ...
Biodiversity and ecosystem stability: a synthesis of underlying
... reiuei(t), where r2ei is the environmental variance of species i, and uei(t) are normal variables with zero mean and unit variance that are independent through time (white noise), but may be correlated between species (e.g. a good year for one species may be good for another species too). Demographi ...
... reiuei(t), where r2ei is the environmental variance of species i, and uei(t) are normal variables with zero mean and unit variance that are independent through time (white noise), but may be correlated between species (e.g. a good year for one species may be good for another species too). Demographi ...
Food web assembly rules
... species only (“Free”), (ii) additional links between parasites and other species (“Par”) and (iii) links from freeliving consumers to the parasites of their resources (“ParCon”), i.e. so-called concomitant links. Details on data analysis: SI Section S9. For the empirical data, the lack of niches, i. ...
... species only (“Free”), (ii) additional links between parasites and other species (“Par”) and (iii) links from freeliving consumers to the parasites of their resources (“ParCon”), i.e. so-called concomitant links. Details on data analysis: SI Section S9. For the empirical data, the lack of niches, i. ...
Body-mass constraints on foraging behaviour determine population
... slow (Aljetlawi, Sparrevik & Leonardsson 2004). When consumers are large relative to their resources (high consumer–resource body-mass ratios) the capture success is low (Brose et al. 2008). Consistent with the classic pattern that ‘The food of every carnivorous animal lies therefore between certain ...
... slow (Aljetlawi, Sparrevik & Leonardsson 2004). When consumers are large relative to their resources (high consumer–resource body-mass ratios) the capture success is low (Brose et al. 2008). Consistent with the classic pattern that ‘The food of every carnivorous animal lies therefore between certain ...