Vascular plants in modern agricultural landscapes of SE Norway
... hay-meadows or grazing-land) may hold a key position in intensively managed landscapes by serving as the only hospitable habitat islands for a wide range of species (Cousins and Lindborg, 2008). Linear landscape elements such as ditches, hedgerows, field margins and road verges may also function as ...
... hay-meadows or grazing-land) may hold a key position in intensively managed landscapes by serving as the only hospitable habitat islands for a wide range of species (Cousins and Lindborg, 2008). Linear landscape elements such as ditches, hedgerows, field margins and road verges may also function as ...
JMS 70_3 257-261 eyh028 FINAL
... sorting and identification. The abundance of individuals of each taxon, identified to species level when possible, was measured for each sample. Macrobenthos was also classified into different feeding groups, identifying guilds such as detritivores (surface-deposit feeders, subsurface-deposit feeder ...
... sorting and identification. The abundance of individuals of each taxon, identified to species level when possible, was measured for each sample. Macrobenthos was also classified into different feeding groups, identifying guilds such as detritivores (surface-deposit feeders, subsurface-deposit feeder ...
Global amphibian declines: sorting the hypotheses - Collins Lab
... The direct effects of these processes have negatively affected amphibian populations for at least 100 years. For class II hypotheses, global change, chemicals and emerging infectious diseases, we have a poor but improving understanding of how each might cause declines. These factors involve complex ...
... The direct effects of these processes have negatively affected amphibian populations for at least 100 years. For class II hypotheses, global change, chemicals and emerging infectious diseases, we have a poor but improving understanding of how each might cause declines. These factors involve complex ...
Using standardized sampling designs from population ecology to
... centre in Italy and the periphery of the distribution range of H. petraea in Germany. These regions also represent central and marginal variants of the corresponding therophyte vegetation type. Sixth and finally, concordance in species composition can be calculated for the studied therophyte grassla ...
... centre in Italy and the periphery of the distribution range of H. petraea in Germany. These regions also represent central and marginal variants of the corresponding therophyte vegetation type. Sixth and finally, concordance in species composition can be calculated for the studied therophyte grassla ...
ASSEMBLAGES: Evidence from the Fossil Record
... ways that paleontological faunal and some floral lists differ from ecological ones. Time-averaging also is present in some neoecological studies, such as those that assess plant damage in extant tropical forest litter, which may involve combining data from different seasons, years, or even longer in ...
... ways that paleontological faunal and some floral lists differ from ecological ones. Time-averaging also is present in some neoecological studies, such as those that assess plant damage in extant tropical forest litter, which may involve combining data from different seasons, years, or even longer in ...
ASSEMBLAGES: Evidence from the Fossil Record
... ways that paleontological faunal and some floral lists differ from ecological ones. Time-averaging also is present in some neoecological studies, such as those that assess plant damage in extant tropical forest litter, which may involve combining data from different seasons, years, or even longer in ...
... ways that paleontological faunal and some floral lists differ from ecological ones. Time-averaging also is present in some neoecological studies, such as those that assess plant damage in extant tropical forest litter, which may involve combining data from different seasons, years, or even longer in ...
Succession: A Closer Look
... a tradeoff in competition for nutrients in early succession, and for light in late succession. Other researchers, such as Henry Horn (1974) have used transition matrix models and Markovian models to measure rates of succession and predict the outcomes of succession. Other current research focuses on ...
... a tradeoff in competition for nutrients in early succession, and for light in late succession. Other researchers, such as Henry Horn (1974) have used transition matrix models and Markovian models to measure rates of succession and predict the outcomes of succession. Other current research focuses on ...
Parallel life history evolution in mouthbrooding cichlids from the
... duration of parental care. Riverine maternal mouthbrooding cichlids, like their biparental substrate-spawning relatives, typically care for free-swimming independently feeding fry for periods lasting weeks or months. Although information is patchy and remains to be thoroughly reviewed, many benthic ...
... duration of parental care. Riverine maternal mouthbrooding cichlids, like their biparental substrate-spawning relatives, typically care for free-swimming independently feeding fry for periods lasting weeks or months. Although information is patchy and remains to be thoroughly reviewed, many benthic ...
Study Guide for Ecology Test 1 - Mercer Island School District
... Be able to define the term energy pyramid, and explain why food chains form energy pyramids. Be able to explain how an energy pyramid is still consistent with the Law of Conservation of Energy. Be able to define generalist species and specialist species and give examples of each. Be able to explain ...
... Be able to define the term energy pyramid, and explain why food chains form energy pyramids. Be able to explain how an energy pyramid is still consistent with the Law of Conservation of Energy. Be able to define generalist species and specialist species and give examples of each. Be able to explain ...
Study Guide for Ecology Test 1
... Be able to define the term energy pyramid, and explain why food chains form energy pyramids. Be able to explain how an energy pyramid is still consistent with the Law of Conservation of Energy. Be able to define generalist species and specialist species and give examples of each. Be able to explain ...
... Be able to define the term energy pyramid, and explain why food chains form energy pyramids. Be able to explain how an energy pyramid is still consistent with the Law of Conservation of Energy. Be able to define generalist species and specialist species and give examples of each. Be able to explain ...
Arg 41 - Saudi Medical Journal
... of both ketogenesis and leucine catabolism. HMGCL is located in the mitochondrial matrix as well as in the peroxisomes (Wang et al., 1996). The enzyme HMGCL is encoded by the gene HMGCL located on chromosome 1p36.11. HMGCL gene produces two different isoforms; isoform A is expressed in Mitochondria ...
... of both ketogenesis and leucine catabolism. HMGCL is located in the mitochondrial matrix as well as in the peroxisomes (Wang et al., 1996). The enzyme HMGCL is encoded by the gene HMGCL located on chromosome 1p36.11. HMGCL gene produces two different isoforms; isoform A is expressed in Mitochondria ...
Shrubs as ecosystem engineers in a coastal dune: influences on
... shrub-free areas. In 1996 and 1997, we established 24 blocks throughout the site, each consisting of a pair of Lupinus and Ericameria individuals and an adjacent shrub-free zone. We sampled a different set of 17 blocks in 1998, and 14 blocks in 2000. We used blocks to control for the substantial spa ...
... shrub-free areas. In 1996 and 1997, we established 24 blocks throughout the site, each consisting of a pair of Lupinus and Ericameria individuals and an adjacent shrub-free zone. We sampled a different set of 17 blocks in 1998, and 14 blocks in 2000. We used blocks to control for the substantial spa ...
Succession an Unfinished Revolution
... in outline to the idea of succession as expounded by Clements. Evolution to Cope was a progressive change in organisms, stimulated by environmental stresses that generally tend to complicate their form and function. New species evolve by deflection, acceleration or retardation of the process of deve ...
... in outline to the idea of succession as expounded by Clements. Evolution to Cope was a progressive change in organisms, stimulated by environmental stresses that generally tend to complicate their form and function. New species evolve by deflection, acceleration or retardation of the process of deve ...
v7a29-zhu pgmkr - Molecular Vision
... prepared from the cDNA of xcrys. Again, to avoid cross hybridization, only the 3' region of each clone was used to generate the antisense probe (see above for description). These riboprobes were hydrolyzed to an average length of 100-250 bases. In situ hybridization protocol was adapted from [26]. ...
... prepared from the cDNA of xcrys. Again, to avoid cross hybridization, only the 3' region of each clone was used to generate the antisense probe (see above for description). These riboprobes were hydrolyzed to an average length of 100-250 bases. In situ hybridization protocol was adapted from [26]. ...
Biotic interactions and plant invasions
... of biological invasions. Comparison with conspecifics in their native range is useful because it is relative to these populations that invaders gain and lose interactions with enemies, mutualists and competitors. Also, the ecological and evolutionary dynamics of introduced populations will be constr ...
... of biological invasions. Comparison with conspecifics in their native range is useful because it is relative to these populations that invaders gain and lose interactions with enemies, mutualists and competitors. Also, the ecological and evolutionary dynamics of introduced populations will be constr ...
Coexistence, niches and biodiversity effects on ecosystem functioning
... take up the same resources at different times or from different spatial locations (Hooper & Vitousek 1998; Fargione & Tilman 2005). In addition, niche differences do not have to be resource based, but can include stabilising interactions with other trophic levels, such as soil pathogens (Bever 2003; ...
... take up the same resources at different times or from different spatial locations (Hooper & Vitousek 1998; Fargione & Tilman 2005). In addition, niche differences do not have to be resource based, but can include stabilising interactions with other trophic levels, such as soil pathogens (Bever 2003; ...
Population and Evolutionary Dynamics based on Predator
... importance of the feedback. It is claimed that only an extensive research effort involving multiple experimental approaches with long-term field experiments over a variety of ecological communities will provide the answer, while the investigations to reveal the role of such feedback are just beginni ...
... importance of the feedback. It is claimed that only an extensive research effort involving multiple experimental approaches with long-term field experiments over a variety of ecological communities will provide the answer, while the investigations to reveal the role of such feedback are just beginni ...
Scaling-up Trait Variation from Individuals to Ecosystems
... they contribute to a better understanding of how trait variation effects scale up from individuals to ecosystems. ...
... they contribute to a better understanding of how trait variation effects scale up from individuals to ecosystems. ...
Desirable mathematical properties of indicators for biodiversity change
... et al., 2004, 2007). Of more recent date are measures to combine multiple species trends based on yearly indices, such as the geometric mean of species indices used for the European Farmland Bird Index (Gregory et al., 2005). Although different indicator approaches have been applied widely, it is st ...
... et al., 2004, 2007). Of more recent date are measures to combine multiple species trends based on yearly indices, such as the geometric mean of species indices used for the European Farmland Bird Index (Gregory et al., 2005). Although different indicator approaches have been applied widely, it is st ...
Density-dependence in common tree species in a tropical dry forest
... Pacala 1989; Roughgarden 1989 for reviews). The density of any species is, of course, ultimately limited by the self-thinning densities obtained in monospecific stands by direct competition for resources (Yoda et al. 1963). However, tree species seldom attain such high densities in mixed-species com ...
... Pacala 1989; Roughgarden 1989 for reviews). The density of any species is, of course, ultimately limited by the self-thinning densities obtained in monospecific stands by direct competition for resources (Yoda et al. 1963). However, tree species seldom attain such high densities in mixed-species com ...
The Identification and Conservation of Important Plant Areas:
... water supply, storm protection and pollination (Millennium Ecosystem Assessment 2005). Because conservation resources are limited, prioritisation of the most important areas is required. There are many initiatives that aim to provide analysis of global conservation priorities such as ‘biodiversity h ...
... water supply, storm protection and pollination (Millennium Ecosystem Assessment 2005). Because conservation resources are limited, prioritisation of the most important areas is required. There are many initiatives that aim to provide analysis of global conservation priorities such as ‘biodiversity h ...
FACTORS AFFECTING IMPLEMENTATION OF RECOVERY PLANS
... that we investigated. Perhaps greater amounts of time available for management actions allowed equilibration of task implementation across different types of plans and species. In other words, differences currently associated with newer plans may have existed for older plans in the past, but these d ...
... that we investigated. Perhaps greater amounts of time available for management actions allowed equilibration of task implementation across different types of plans and species. In other words, differences currently associated with newer plans may have existed for older plans in the past, but these d ...
Download Pdf Article
... standard deviation (SD). T-test for independent samples, ANOVA and Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r) were applied to assess the relationship between variables. A twosided p value < 0.05 was considered significant for all data analyses. Results and discussions The mean age of the study group was ...
... standard deviation (SD). T-test for independent samples, ANOVA and Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r) were applied to assess the relationship between variables. A twosided p value < 0.05 was considered significant for all data analyses. Results and discussions The mean age of the study group was ...
PDF - Wiley Online Library
... (< 1.8 mm) individuals. Times until first movement of those individuals which did move during the 45 min were quite variable; mean values were found to be generally similar for all size classes. Movement by individuals during the experiment was initiated in part by physical contact with other indivi ...
... (< 1.8 mm) individuals. Times until first movement of those individuals which did move during the 45 min were quite variable; mean values were found to be generally similar for all size classes. Movement by individuals during the experiment was initiated in part by physical contact with other indivi ...