The Distribution of Life
... relative abundance of life. Similarly there are harsh and unforgiving environments such as the Antarctic Plateau where one would be hard pressed to find any life form. BIOMES As we have learned in previous modules (see Module 1) biodiversity is “the variability among living organisms from all source ...
... relative abundance of life. Similarly there are harsh and unforgiving environments such as the Antarctic Plateau where one would be hard pressed to find any life form. BIOMES As we have learned in previous modules (see Module 1) biodiversity is “the variability among living organisms from all source ...
Symbiosis: I get by with a little help from my friends*.
... competing for the same resources cannot coexist if other ecological factors are constant. ...
... competing for the same resources cannot coexist if other ecological factors are constant. ...
Ecology
... Ecologists use several tools and techniques to study the living world Regardless of the tools they use, scientists conduct modern ecological research using three basic approaches: observing, experimenting, and modeling. Binoculars, field guides, DNA, radio tags, capture and release, satellites ...
... Ecologists use several tools and techniques to study the living world Regardless of the tools they use, scientists conduct modern ecological research using three basic approaches: observing, experimenting, and modeling. Binoculars, field guides, DNA, radio tags, capture and release, satellites ...
10-Landscape_Ecology
... disturbance and must be considered in the context of the scale of the community being affected. o Sources of landscape disturbance include fire (surface, crown, and ground fire), wind, ice, moving water, drought, and animals, and human activities such as timber harvest, land clearing, cultivation, a ...
... disturbance and must be considered in the context of the scale of the community being affected. o Sources of landscape disturbance include fire (surface, crown, and ground fire), wind, ice, moving water, drought, and animals, and human activities such as timber harvest, land clearing, cultivation, a ...
Cultural Niche Construction
... Niche construction theory (NCT) is a relatively new development within evolutionary biology, but one that has important implications for many adjacent fields of research, including the human sciences. NCT places emphasis on the capacity of organisms to modify natural selection in their environment a ...
... Niche construction theory (NCT) is a relatively new development within evolutionary biology, but one that has important implications for many adjacent fields of research, including the human sciences. NCT places emphasis on the capacity of organisms to modify natural selection in their environment a ...
does variable coloration in juvenile marine crabs reduce
... and 1997. Throughout the study, parametric comparisons of abundance or proportion of individuals with color variants were analyzed, and transformations applied to ensure normality and homogeneity of variance. Experimental treatments were placed at randomly defined locations. Data of proportions or p ...
... and 1997. Throughout the study, parametric comparisons of abundance or proportion of individuals with color variants were analyzed, and transformations applied to ensure normality and homogeneity of variance. Experimental treatments were placed at randomly defined locations. Data of proportions or p ...
11/11/08
... a. False – both 15. Where is seasonal color change prominent? a. Arctic 16. Where does rapid color change take place? a. Chromatophore 17. How quickly can rapid color changes occur? a. Days, hours, minutes 18. How does rapid color change occur? a. Rearranging pigments in chromatophores 19. What are ...
... a. False – both 15. Where is seasonal color change prominent? a. Arctic 16. Where does rapid color change take place? a. Chromatophore 17. How quickly can rapid color changes occur? a. Days, hours, minutes 18. How does rapid color change occur? a. Rearranging pigments in chromatophores 19. What are ...
Global Biodiversity and its Variation in Space and Time
... The term "biodiversity" refers to the richness of living forms in the natural world. In the widest sense, it comprises the diversity of species living on the Earth, as well as the diversity of molecular mechanisms in the cell, the genetic diversity of populations, and, for instance, the diversity of ...
... The term "biodiversity" refers to the richness of living forms in the natural world. In the widest sense, it comprises the diversity of species living on the Earth, as well as the diversity of molecular mechanisms in the cell, the genetic diversity of populations, and, for instance, the diversity of ...
Determinants of diversity in a naturally fragmented landscape
... forest in Mesoamerica to analyze avian distributions with respect to site characteristics. This forest type was originally widespread in the lowlands, and became restricted to mountains during Pleistocene climatic changes. Hierarchical partitioning, a recently developed regression procedure, was use ...
... forest in Mesoamerica to analyze avian distributions with respect to site characteristics. This forest type was originally widespread in the lowlands, and became restricted to mountains during Pleistocene climatic changes. Hierarchical partitioning, a recently developed regression procedure, was use ...
Macroevolutionary processes
... group and to interpret phenotypic changes is controversial, considered by many to be circular reasoning • Molecular markers provide a more "neutral" data set from which to generate a phylogeny • Molecular phylogeny can be used to infer relationship of morphological traits, ecological diversification ...
... group and to interpret phenotypic changes is controversial, considered by many to be circular reasoning • Molecular markers provide a more "neutral" data set from which to generate a phylogeny • Molecular phylogeny can be used to infer relationship of morphological traits, ecological diversification ...
Modelling Food Webs Abstract 1 Introduction
... and the stability and dynamical properties of small networks consisting of a few species were investigated, demonstrating a variety of instances where more complex model systems were not less stable than simpler ones. Furthermore, models were introduced that built up a community by a sequence of inv ...
... and the stability and dynamical properties of small networks consisting of a few species were investigated, demonstrating a variety of instances where more complex model systems were not less stable than simpler ones. Furthermore, models were introduced that built up a community by a sequence of inv ...
Ecosystems
... Dynamics of energy through ecosystems have important implications for human populations how much energy does it take to feed a human? if we are meat eaters? if we are vegetarian? What is your ecological footprint?! ...
... Dynamics of energy through ecosystems have important implications for human populations how much energy does it take to feed a human? if we are meat eaters? if we are vegetarian? What is your ecological footprint?! ...
Rapid displacement of native species by invasive species: effects of
... Moulton, 1993; Case, 1996). Human-mediated introductions can be frequent and re-occurring, greatly increasing immigration rates (Carlton and Geller, 1993). In the absence of hybridization the interaction between the native and introduced species is essentially a competitive one between species that ...
... Moulton, 1993; Case, 1996). Human-mediated introductions can be frequent and re-occurring, greatly increasing immigration rates (Carlton and Geller, 1993). In the absence of hybridization the interaction between the native and introduced species is essentially a competitive one between species that ...
The Need Is Mutual: The Importance of Biological Interactions
... parasitism). It does not show competition or mutualism. 19. Have students choose a specific scenario to consider what happens when one species is removed from their food web. For example, controlling a fish parasite might increase populations of desirable food fish, but it might also reduce competit ...
... parasitism). It does not show competition or mutualism. 19. Have students choose a specific scenario to consider what happens when one species is removed from their food web. For example, controlling a fish parasite might increase populations of desirable food fish, but it might also reduce competit ...
4. Mathematics and Statistics
... P-values should not be given in abstracts or in conjunction with references to results in cited works: Smith (1998) found a significant correlation between. . . . ...
... P-values should not be given in abstracts or in conjunction with references to results in cited works: Smith (1998) found a significant correlation between. . . . ...
Top predator control of plant biodiversity and productivity in an old
... complement of dominant species organized in a fairly, linear food chain [a so-called species cascade (Polis 1999)] can lead to important changes in community-level pattern and process. It illustrates how this community-wide effect can be predicted by knowing how individual level-behaviour scales to ...
... complement of dominant species organized in a fairly, linear food chain [a so-called species cascade (Polis 1999)] can lead to important changes in community-level pattern and process. It illustrates how this community-wide effect can be predicted by knowing how individual level-behaviour scales to ...
Duffy 2008 Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment
... sity at the local (plot) level depends on a experiment, enhancement of biomass accumulation by seaweed diversity increased considerably higher regional diversity. Thus, as the experiment matured from 3 months to 3 years (Stachowicz et al. in press). maintaining a given level of local species (c) Qua ...
... sity at the local (plot) level depends on a experiment, enhancement of biomass accumulation by seaweed diversity increased considerably higher regional diversity. Thus, as the experiment matured from 3 months to 3 years (Stachowicz et al. in press). maintaining a given level of local species (c) Qua ...
1.4.6 Energy Flow
... 3. The apex of the pyramid should include tertiary or top carnivores 4. Draw the pyramid so that the area/volume of each level is proportional to the number ...
... 3. The apex of the pyramid should include tertiary or top carnivores 4. Draw the pyramid so that the area/volume of each level is proportional to the number ...
SUCCESSION, PHENOMENON OF
... ecological communities. The underlying conviction was that evolution and internal interactions would produce a homogeneous regional ‘‘climax’’ vegetation or community of regular species composition. The development of this ‘‘climatic climax’’ community was ecological succession, which was viewed as ...
... ecological communities. The underlying conviction was that evolution and internal interactions would produce a homogeneous regional ‘‘climax’’ vegetation or community of regular species composition. The development of this ‘‘climatic climax’’ community was ecological succession, which was viewed as ...
Dissolved Oxygen AP Lab Write-up Guidelines For
... average of 125 arthropods per m3 at his study site. What are two factors that account for this difference? Explain. The diagram to the right represents a terrestrial food web. a) Which organism represents the primary producer? Explain. b) Which organism is most likely a decomposer? Explain. c) To wh ...
... average of 125 arthropods per m3 at his study site. What are two factors that account for this difference? Explain. The diagram to the right represents a terrestrial food web. a) Which organism represents the primary producer? Explain. b) Which organism is most likely a decomposer? Explain. c) To wh ...
Why Biodiversity Matters
... native vegetation in landscapes otherwise devoted primarily to human activities. It is critical not only to the future of biodiversity, but also to the future supply of ecosystem services. Many services are supplied on local and regional scales, and their delivery hinges on the capacity of countrysi ...
... native vegetation in landscapes otherwise devoted primarily to human activities. It is critical not only to the future of biodiversity, but also to the future supply of ecosystem services. Many services are supplied on local and regional scales, and their delivery hinges on the capacity of countrysi ...
Theoretical ecology
Theoretical ecology is the scientific discipline devoted to the study of ecological systems using theoretical methods such as simple conceptual models, mathematical models, computational simulations, and advanced data analysis. Effective models improve understanding of the natural world by revealing how the dynamics of species populations are often based on fundamental biological conditions and processes. Further, the field aims to unify a diverse range of empirical observations by assuming that common, mechanistic processes generate observable phenomena across species and ecological environments. Based on biologically realistic assumptions, theoretical ecologists are able to uncover novel, non-intuitive insights about natural processes. Theoretical results are often verified by empirical and observational studies, revealing the power of theoretical methods in both predicting and understanding the noisy, diverse biological world.The field is broad and includes foundations in applied mathematics, computer science, biology, statistical physics, genetics, chemistry, evolution, and conservation biology. Theoretical ecology aims to explain a diverse range of phenomena in the life sciences, such as population growth and dynamics, fisheries, competition, evolutionary theory, epidemiology, animal behavior and group dynamics, food webs, ecosystems, spatial ecology, and the effects of climate change.Theoretical ecology has further benefited from the advent of fast computing power, allowing the analysis and visualization of large-scale computational simulations of ecological phenomena. Importantly, these modern tools provide quantitative predictions about the effects of human induced environmental change on a diverse variety of ecological phenomena, such as: species invasions, climate change, the effect of fishing and hunting on food network stability, and the global carbon cycle.