Chemistry Notes for class 12 Chapter 15 Polymers
... Classification of Polymers Based on Molecular Forces 1. Elastomers These are rubber like solid polymers in which the polymer chains are held together by weakest intermolecular forces, e.g., natural rubber, buna-S, buna-N etc . The weak binding forces permit the polymers to be stretched. A few ‘cross ...
... Classification of Polymers Based on Molecular Forces 1. Elastomers These are rubber like solid polymers in which the polymer chains are held together by weakest intermolecular forces, e.g., natural rubber, buna-S, buna-N etc . The weak binding forces permit the polymers to be stretched. A few ‘cross ...
Evolution of codon usage bias in Drosophila
... in the absence of constraints. Not only does the level of bias remain conserved, but often the actual pattern as well. One example is Alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh), which has been sequenced in more than 50 species of Drosophila. Table 1 shows the pattern of codon usage for three amino acids. The subge ...
... in the absence of constraints. Not only does the level of bias remain conserved, but often the actual pattern as well. One example is Alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh), which has been sequenced in more than 50 species of Drosophila. Table 1 shows the pattern of codon usage for three amino acids. The subge ...
ATP utilization associated with recovery metabolism in - AJP-Cell
... partial uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation in the muscle mitochondria (7, 13, 36). The experiments described in this paper were designed to find out if there was significant suprabasal ATP breakdown in frog sartorii during the metabolic restoration of ATP utilized during prior contraction. Our ...
... partial uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation in the muscle mitochondria (7, 13, 36). The experiments described in this paper were designed to find out if there was significant suprabasal ATP breakdown in frog sartorii during the metabolic restoration of ATP utilized during prior contraction. Our ...
iRsp1095: A genome-scale reconstruction of the Rhodobacter
... Background: Rhodobacter sphaeroides is one of the best studied purple non-sulfur photosynthetic bacteria and serves as an excellent model for the study of photosynthesis and the metabolic capabilities of this and related facultative organisms. The ability of R. sphaeroides to produce hydrogen (H2), ...
... Background: Rhodobacter sphaeroides is one of the best studied purple non-sulfur photosynthetic bacteria and serves as an excellent model for the study of photosynthesis and the metabolic capabilities of this and related facultative organisms. The ability of R. sphaeroides to produce hydrogen (H2), ...
The Enzymic Activity of the Outer Shell of
... it was shown that the outer shells of many aerobic bacteria may be prepared by crushing the organisms in a Hughes (1951) press and removing the cytoplasmic contents by washing and centrifugation. Such preparations have been called cellwall membranes because they have the form and chemical constituen ...
... it was shown that the outer shells of many aerobic bacteria may be prepared by crushing the organisms in a Hughes (1951) press and removing the cytoplasmic contents by washing and centrifugation. Such preparations have been called cellwall membranes because they have the form and chemical constituen ...
The Primary Structure of the Calcium Ion
... calcium ion-transporting adenosine triphosphatase protein of rabbit skeletal sarcoplasmic reticulum are described. The 562 unique residues of the protein were placed in sequences. The remaining part of the protein (about 500 residues) yielded long hydrophobic sequences that contained all but one of ...
... calcium ion-transporting adenosine triphosphatase protein of rabbit skeletal sarcoplasmic reticulum are described. The 562 unique residues of the protein were placed in sequences. The remaining part of the protein (about 500 residues) yielded long hydrophobic sequences that contained all but one of ...
The Enzymic Activity of the Outer Shell of
... it was shown that the outer shells of many aerobic bacteria may be prepared by crushing the organisms in a Hughes (1951) press and removing the cytoplasmic contents by washing and centrifugation. Such preparations have been called cellwall membranes because they have the form and chemical constituen ...
... it was shown that the outer shells of many aerobic bacteria may be prepared by crushing the organisms in a Hughes (1951) press and removing the cytoplasmic contents by washing and centrifugation. Such preparations have been called cellwall membranes because they have the form and chemical constituen ...
Future perspectives in catalysis - NRSC
... Catalysis is the quiet force behind the modernization of our chemical industry. It ensures more efficient use of finite natural resources, it helps prevent waste and air pollution, and it makes our industry safer. In the past century, catalysis became the basis of large-scale processes in bulk chemi ...
... Catalysis is the quiet force behind the modernization of our chemical industry. It ensures more efficient use of finite natural resources, it helps prevent waste and air pollution, and it makes our industry safer. In the past century, catalysis became the basis of large-scale processes in bulk chemi ...
Metabolic acidosis
... Each day approximately 15,000 mmol of carbon dioxide (which can generate carbonic acid as it combines with water) and 50 to 100 meq of nonvolatile acid (mostly sulfuric acid derived from the metabolism of sulfur-containing amino acids) are produced. Acid-base balance is maintained by normal pul ...
... Each day approximately 15,000 mmol of carbon dioxide (which can generate carbonic acid as it combines with water) and 50 to 100 meq of nonvolatile acid (mostly sulfuric acid derived from the metabolism of sulfur-containing amino acids) are produced. Acid-base balance is maintained by normal pul ...
Chem I Review Part 2
... 92. Which of these substances will display an incomplete octet in its Lewis structure? A. CO2 B. Cl2 C. ICl D. NO E. SO2 93. Which of these elements is most likely to exhibit an expanded octet in its compounds? A. O B. S C. Na D. C E. N 94. According to the VSEPR theory, the shape of the SO3 molecu ...
... 92. Which of these substances will display an incomplete octet in its Lewis structure? A. CO2 B. Cl2 C. ICl D. NO E. SO2 93. Which of these elements is most likely to exhibit an expanded octet in its compounds? A. O B. S C. Na D. C E. N 94. According to the VSEPR theory, the shape of the SO3 molecu ...
Solutions_C19
... 10. Assign oxidation numbers to hydrogen and nitrogen based on the LDS number for ammonia. 10A. The nitrogen atom shares a pair of electrons with each of the three hydrogen atoms. Nitrogen is the more electronegative element because it is farther to the right on the periodic table than hydrogen. Thi ...
... 10. Assign oxidation numbers to hydrogen and nitrogen based on the LDS number for ammonia. 10A. The nitrogen atom shares a pair of electrons with each of the three hydrogen atoms. Nitrogen is the more electronegative element because it is farther to the right on the periodic table than hydrogen. Thi ...
Grossmont College Chemistry 120 Laboratory Manual 6th Edition
... data, but do not clutter the calculation section with arithmetic details. Likewise, think through and answer important questions that are intended to give you an understanding of the principles in which the experimental procedure is based as you perform the experiment. Scientists learn much by discu ...
... data, but do not clutter the calculation section with arithmetic details. Likewise, think through and answer important questions that are intended to give you an understanding of the principles in which the experimental procedure is based as you perform the experiment. Scientists learn much by discu ...
containing complexes of aromatic amino acids
... the 65Cu-containing complexes were used for verification). The CID of [CuII(Trp)2] 2+ (Fig. 1a) reveals only products of dissociative electron transfer, giving Trp + at m/z 204 and [CuI(Trp)]+ at m/z 267. The product ion at m/z 130 is probably the protonated 3-methyleneindolenine cation formed via ...
... the 65Cu-containing complexes were used for verification). The CID of [CuII(Trp)2] 2+ (Fig. 1a) reveals only products of dissociative electron transfer, giving Trp + at m/z 204 and [CuI(Trp)]+ at m/z 267. The product ion at m/z 130 is probably the protonated 3-methyleneindolenine cation formed via ...
Indexing Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle Flux in Intact Hearts by Carbon
... this cycle changes with physiological alterations in cardiac contractile performance. Despite the central role of the TCA cycle, there are relatively few methods of quantifying TCA cycle flux in intact hearts. Estimates of TCA cycle flux in isolated carFrom the Peter Belfer Laboratory of the Cardiol ...
... this cycle changes with physiological alterations in cardiac contractile performance. Despite the central role of the TCA cycle, there are relatively few methods of quantifying TCA cycle flux in intact hearts. Estimates of TCA cycle flux in isolated carFrom the Peter Belfer Laboratory of the Cardiol ...
Sequence - BIOTEC - Biotechnology Center TU Dresden
... n Measure activity of thousands of genes at the same time n Example: n Cancer n Compare activity with and without drug treatment n Result: Hundreds of candidate drug targets n RNAi (Noble prize 2004, Fire and Mello) n Knock-down genes and observe effect n Example: n Infectious diseases n Which prote ...
... n Measure activity of thousands of genes at the same time n Example: n Cancer n Compare activity with and without drug treatment n Result: Hundreds of candidate drug targets n RNAi (Noble prize 2004, Fire and Mello) n Knock-down genes and observe effect n Example: n Infectious diseases n Which prote ...
Modeling tRNA*s Translator Function
... • Go to the tRNA activity page at http://pdb101.rcsb.org/learn/resource/trna-activity-page or search for “Paper Model of tRNA – RCSB Protein Data Bank”. • Scroll down to section #3 titled, “Explore Atomic Structure of tRNA” and select the “Model color scheme” option for coloring the interactive mode ...
... • Go to the tRNA activity page at http://pdb101.rcsb.org/learn/resource/trna-activity-page or search for “Paper Model of tRNA – RCSB Protein Data Bank”. • Scroll down to section #3 titled, “Explore Atomic Structure of tRNA” and select the “Model color scheme” option for coloring the interactive mode ...
Chemistry Honours - SCS Autonomous College
... Bohr’s theory, its limitations and atomic spectrum of hydrogen atom. Wave mechanics: de Broglie equation, Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principle and its significance, Schrödinger’s wave equation, significance of ψ and ψ 2 . Quantum numbers and their significance. Normalized and orthogonal wave functions ...
... Bohr’s theory, its limitations and atomic spectrum of hydrogen atom. Wave mechanics: de Broglie equation, Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principle and its significance, Schrödinger’s wave equation, significance of ψ and ψ 2 . Quantum numbers and their significance. Normalized and orthogonal wave functions ...
Evolution Jeopardy
... What are carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, & sulfur (CHNOPS) Back ...
... What are carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, & sulfur (CHNOPS) Back ...
Serine/Threonine Phosphatases
... the enzyme that converts phosphorylase a back to b, called the “PR enzyme” (phosphorylase phosphatase), had been reported a decade earlier (Cori and Green, 1943), although the chemical nature of the reaction remained enigmatic until inorganic phosphate was found to be a product of the reaction (Kreb ...
... the enzyme that converts phosphorylase a back to b, called the “PR enzyme” (phosphorylase phosphatase), had been reported a decade earlier (Cori and Green, 1943), although the chemical nature of the reaction remained enigmatic until inorganic phosphate was found to be a product of the reaction (Kreb ...
A generalized stoichiometric model of C3, C2, C2
... for integrating knowledge at the systems level (Morandini, 2013; Singh et al., 2014). Classical photosynthetic models have allowed the simulation of leaf-level assimilation in C3, C2, C2+C4, and C4 plants using a mechanistic description based on Rubisco PEPC kinetics (von Caemmerer, 1989, 2000, 201 ...
... for integrating knowledge at the systems level (Morandini, 2013; Singh et al., 2014). Classical photosynthetic models have allowed the simulation of leaf-level assimilation in C3, C2, C2+C4, and C4 plants using a mechanistic description based on Rubisco PEPC kinetics (von Caemmerer, 1989, 2000, 201 ...
THE APPLICATION OF TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETRY TO
... molecules. Atoms in a molecule are arranged in recognizable groups that bestow certain characteristics upon a molecule. One example of this is an acidic molecule that is recognized as such by the mere presence of a COOH group. Words also share other common features, such as syllables. Molecules are ...
... molecules. Atoms in a molecule are arranged in recognizable groups that bestow certain characteristics upon a molecule. One example of this is an acidic molecule that is recognized as such by the mere presence of a COOH group. Words also share other common features, such as syllables. Molecules are ...
The Future of Human Embryo Culture Media – Or Have We
... mitotic divisions called ‘cleavage’, during which time the total size of the embryo does not change. Thus with each division the size of the cells, or blastomeres, is reduced, which assists in restoring the exaggerated cytoplasmic:nuclear ratio back to levels more traditionally observed in somatic c ...
... mitotic divisions called ‘cleavage’, during which time the total size of the embryo does not change. Thus with each division the size of the cells, or blastomeres, is reduced, which assists in restoring the exaggerated cytoplasmic:nuclear ratio back to levels more traditionally observed in somatic c ...
PDF File - Computational Biochemistry Group
... to the S-adenosylmethionine (SAM or AdoMet)-dependent radical superfamily [Shisler and Broderick, 2014; Sofia et al., 2001]. The AEs use a site-differentiated SAMbinding [4Fe-4S] cluster coordinated by three cysteines with one accessible iron (RS cluster) to catalyse the reductive cleavage of SAM to ...
... to the S-adenosylmethionine (SAM or AdoMet)-dependent radical superfamily [Shisler and Broderick, 2014; Sofia et al., 2001]. The AEs use a site-differentiated SAMbinding [4Fe-4S] cluster coordinated by three cysteines with one accessible iron (RS cluster) to catalyse the reductive cleavage of SAM to ...
Chemistry - College Catalog
... 26100. Quantum Mechanics. This course presents quantum mechanics, the Schrödinger wave equation with exact and approximate methods of solution, angular momentum, and atomic spectra and structure. D. Mazziotti. Autumn. 26200. Thermodynamics. This course continues the sequence with the study of thermo ...
... 26100. Quantum Mechanics. This course presents quantum mechanics, the Schrödinger wave equation with exact and approximate methods of solution, angular momentum, and atomic spectra and structure. D. Mazziotti. Autumn. 26200. Thermodynamics. This course continues the sequence with the study of thermo ...
【金屬鍵】
... by some Africans. Much of the meat consumed in these areas is very fibrous and tough. This type of meat would need to be cooked for hours to break down the fibrous protein, and so make the meat edible. The people in these areas have learned that after covering the meat with fruit extracts from the p ...
... by some Africans. Much of the meat consumed in these areas is very fibrous and tough. This type of meat would need to be cooked for hours to break down the fibrous protein, and so make the meat edible. The people in these areas have learned that after covering the meat with fruit extracts from the p ...
Biochemistry
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Biochemistry, sometimes called biological chemistry, is the study of chemical processes within and relating to living organisms. By controlling information flow through biochemical signaling and the flow of chemical energy through metabolism, biochemical processes give rise to the complexity of life. Over the last decades of the 20th century, biochemistry has become so successful at explaining living processes that now almost all areas of the life sciences from botany to medicine to genetics are engaged in biochemical research. Today, the main focus of pure biochemistry is in understanding how biological molecules give rise to the processes that occur within living cells, which in turn relates greatly to the study and understanding of whole organisms.Biochemistry is closely related to molecular biology, the study of the molecular mechanisms by which genetic information encoded in DNA is able to result in the processes of life. Depending on the exact definition of the terms used, molecular biology can be thought of as a branch of biochemistry, or biochemistry as a tool with which to investigate and study molecular biology.Much of biochemistry deals with the structures, functions and interactions of biological macromolecules, such as proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates and lipids, which provide the structure of cells and perform many of the functions associated with life. The chemistry of the cell also depends on the reactions of smaller molecules and ions. These can be inorganic, for example water and metal ions, or organic, for example the amino acids which are used to synthesize proteins. The mechanisms by which cells harness energy from their environment via chemical reactions are known as metabolism. The findings of biochemistry are applied primarily in medicine, nutrition, and agriculture. In medicine, biochemists investigate the causes and cures of disease. In nutrition, they study how to maintain health and study the effects of nutritional deficiencies. In agriculture, biochemists investigate soil and fertilizers, and try to discover ways to improve crop cultivation, crop storage and pest control.