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Statistical potential-based amino acid similarity
Statistical potential-based amino acid similarity

... approach is more practical at this point in the sense that it can constantly make good predictions for larger proteins when an appropriate template structure for the query sequence is available.13,14 Two categories of protein structure prediction methods, namely, homology (comparative) modeling15 an ...
Chemistry Notes for the Whole Year Powerpoint
Chemistry Notes for the Whole Year Powerpoint

... of electrons in that orbital. For example, 1s1, the first number means energy level one, s is the orbital, and the superscript number means that there is one electron in this orbital. • Start at hydrogen and fill electrons from left to right starting from there. Count how many electrons are in these ...
Mittenthal, J.E., Clarke, B., Waddell, T., and Fawcett, G.
Mittenthal, J.E., Clarke, B., Waddell, T., and Fawcett, G.

... carbon atoms in the reacting metabolites. Each of these metabolites is only speci"ed by the number of carbon atoms it contains. Conversion of a Cto an R-paranet proceeds through the following stages, here as in our work on the pentose phosphate pathway (Mittenthal et al., 1998). (a) For each metabol ...
Glucose-Fatty Acid Interaction in Skeletal Muscle and Adipose
Glucose-Fatty Acid Interaction in Skeletal Muscle and Adipose

... above that insulin resistance in muscle can be induced by elevated plasma fatty acid levels. On the other hand, there is also a convincing set of evidence that insulin-resistant skeletal muscle can manifest reduced efficiency of fat oxidation during fasting metabolism despite elevated levels of plas ...
Characterization of the RNase A active site by Phage Panning
Characterization of the RNase A active site by Phage Panning

... allowed to bind to the immobilized target protein; in this case the RNAse A enzyme was immobilized on small petri plates. The eluted phage were propagated by replication in the host bacteria and the process was repeated for three rounds to select for sequences that bind the RNAse A active site with ...
Chemistry 1B General Chemistry Laboratory
Chemistry 1B General Chemistry Laboratory

... units when showing an example calculation. Since many calculations are repetitive, you can continue to work them out on a separate piece of white paper to include with your report. Observations: These are a crucial part of your scientific endeavors. Depending on the experiment, some observations can ...
Quick Study Guide - hrsbstaff.ednet.ns.ca
Quick Study Guide - hrsbstaff.ednet.ns.ca

... in the foods we eat so we can use that energy to do other jobs needed inside our cells. Oxygen is brought into the body in the respiratory system. Food, which is broken down into the simplest sugar know as glucose, is brought into the body by the digestive system. The circulatory system brings the o ...
chemical modification of carboxylic groups
chemical modification of carboxylic groups

... Mr value deduced from these experiments was almost twice the value computed from its complete amino acid sequence. This anomalous behaviour on SDS/PAGE appeared to be due to the large negative charge of this enzyme, since hydrazination of the carboxylic groups of glutamic acid and aspartic acid resi ...
Sulfuritalea hydrogenivorans gen. nov., sp. nov., a facultative
Sulfuritalea hydrogenivorans gen. nov., sp. nov., a facultative

... primer pairs (Elsaied & Naganuma, 2001) were used to detect genes cbbL and cbbM, encoding forms I and II of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase. None of these primer pairs yielded fragments of the expected size from the genomic DNA of strain sk43HT (Sulfuricella denitrificans skB26T was ...
Descriptive Chemistry for Midterm Exam #2
Descriptive Chemistry for Midterm Exam #2

... Occurrence: found in more compounds than any other element on earth. It is the most abundant element in universe. Oxidation states: 0 in H2, +1 in compounds with other non-metals, −1 in metal hydrides. Industrial Preparation of H2: This is carried out through the reduction of +1 oxidation state in H ...
Accuracy of protein flexibility predictions
Accuracy of protein flexibility predictions

... Claverie and DaulmerieZ5argue that smoothing of the prediction curves by weighting is advantageous, since pattern recognition is easier and the irregular variation of values is damped. The smoothing is also better for detecting local maxima which are of importance, e.g., in epitope analysis. von Hei ...
to the PDF file. - CURVE
to the PDF file. - CURVE

... treatment of trichomoniasis, an infection of the genito-urinary tract of humans by the protozoan Trichomonas vaginalis, has created a need for the development of therapeutics with a different mode of action. Trifluoromethionine (TFM) has been proposed as a potential novel antiinfective prodrug that ...
AtPex14p maintains peroxisomal functions by determining protein
AtPex14p maintains peroxisomal functions by determining protein

Lack of homology between two haloacetate dehalogenase genes
Lack of homology between two haloacetate dehalogenase genes

... subcloned on M13 phages and their nucleotide sequences were determined. The sequence of each fragment contained an open reading frame that was identified as the structuralgene for each of the two dehalogenaseson the basis of the following criteria; N-terminal amino acid sequence, amino acid composit ...
A-level Biology Question paper Unit 02 - The variety of living
A-level Biology Question paper Unit 02 - The variety of living

... Evolutionary relationships between different primates can be found by comparing their proteins and DNA. ...
Moles Review
Moles Review

... 6) Given that exactly 4 quarts = 3.7854 liters convert the following: 2.85 quarts to liters and 7.888 liters to quarts 7) How many grams are there in 4.00 moles of He? 8) How many moles are there in 15.0 g of He? 9) How many grams are there in 0.025 mol of CO2? 10) How many moles are there in 4.02g ...
2 - C7Chemistry
2 - C7Chemistry

... The word stoichiometry comes from the Greek words stoicheion which means “element” and metron which means “measure”. ...
Plant Physiology
Plant Physiology

... developmental gradient of infection is present over a period of months following initial infection by Frankia. Since Dg93 transcripts also accumulated in tissues of mature nodules, the term “early nodulin” does not entirely accurately describe this gene. Computerized secondary protein structure anal ...
Glutamine and glutamate—their central role in cell metabolism and
Glutamine and glutamate—their central role in cell metabolism and

... be elucidated. Glutamate is additionally important in the -cell as a substrate for the enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase, which produces the signalling molecule -amino butyric acid (GABA48). GABA production and secretion may be important for regulation of insulin secretion in the intact islet of ...
First Poly(2-oxazoline)s with Pendant Amino Groups
First Poly(2-oxazoline)s with Pendant Amino Groups

... precursor. In most cases, the latter is advisable, since many reactive chemical groups are not compatible with the living cationic ring-opening polymerization. The poly(2-oxazoline) system is especially intriguing for the preparation of multi-functional polymers, since most 2-oxazoline monomers can ...
Synthesis characterization and pharmacological
Synthesis characterization and pharmacological

... However there are few reports on biological significance of coumarin thiosemicarbazones. Hence the present work is designed to synthesize novel thiosemicarbazones of coumarins and to evaluate their biological activities like antimicrobial and antioxidant activity. 6.2 Review of literature: An exten ...
CH 4 Notes
CH 4 Notes

... A common way to determine the concentration of a solution is via a titration. We determine the concentration of one substance by allowing it to undergo a specific chemical reaction, of known stoichiometry, with another substance whose concentration is known (standard solution). Example: Suppose we k ...
Liver glucose metabolism in humans
Liver glucose metabolism in humans

... obesity and diabetes mellitus. In addition, liver glucose metabolism is involved in glycosylation reactions and connected with fatty acid metabolism. The liver receives dietary carbohydrates directly from the intestine via the portal vein. Glucokinase phosphorylates glucose to glucose 6-phosphate in ...
An expanded range of catalysts for synthesising
An expanded range of catalysts for synthesising

... expand the catalyst scope, we screened a range of nitrogen containing organocatalysts in phosphonate ROP (3–8, Scheme 1) for 4 hr at room temperature. 2-(benzyloxy)ethanol was chosen as an initiator to easily determine Mn of the polymer produced by 1H NMR and has the possibility for post polymerisat ...
Protein Sequence Alignment and Database Searching
Protein Sequence Alignment and Database Searching

... Yby Vcharge, B Z X Grouping polarity ... ...
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Biochemistry



Biochemistry, sometimes called biological chemistry, is the study of chemical processes within and relating to living organisms. By controlling information flow through biochemical signaling and the flow of chemical energy through metabolism, biochemical processes give rise to the complexity of life. Over the last decades of the 20th century, biochemistry has become so successful at explaining living processes that now almost all areas of the life sciences from botany to medicine to genetics are engaged in biochemical research. Today, the main focus of pure biochemistry is in understanding how biological molecules give rise to the processes that occur within living cells, which in turn relates greatly to the study and understanding of whole organisms.Biochemistry is closely related to molecular biology, the study of the molecular mechanisms by which genetic information encoded in DNA is able to result in the processes of life. Depending on the exact definition of the terms used, molecular biology can be thought of as a branch of biochemistry, or biochemistry as a tool with which to investigate and study molecular biology.Much of biochemistry deals with the structures, functions and interactions of biological macromolecules, such as proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates and lipids, which provide the structure of cells and perform many of the functions associated with life. The chemistry of the cell also depends on the reactions of smaller molecules and ions. These can be inorganic, for example water and metal ions, or organic, for example the amino acids which are used to synthesize proteins. The mechanisms by which cells harness energy from their environment via chemical reactions are known as metabolism. The findings of biochemistry are applied primarily in medicine, nutrition, and agriculture. In medicine, biochemists investigate the causes and cures of disease. In nutrition, they study how to maintain health and study the effects of nutritional deficiencies. In agriculture, biochemists investigate soil and fertilizers, and try to discover ways to improve crop cultivation, crop storage and pest control.
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