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S. Salgueiro  Machado  •  M.  A. ... J.  P.  van  Dijken  • ...
S. Salgueiro Machado • M. A. ... J. P. van Dijken • ...

... accumulation of acetic acid and loss of viability. These problems did not occur in carbon-limited chemostat cultures (dilution rate--0.05 h -~) grown on mineral medium supplemented with ethanol, L-lactate or acetate. Nevertheless, biomass yields were extremely low in comparison to values reported fo ...
ICSB3: DRPM Measures
ICSB3: DRPM Measures

... (MIT/HMS), Ed DeLong (MIT BE), Chris Marx (Harvard OEB), Penny Chisholm (MIT Civil Eng). These basic enabling technologies feed into all of the other aims. We are improving our pipeline from 1. metagenomics (single cell sequencing) to 2. datamining to 3. combinatorial (semi)synthetic library formati ...
Covalently Bonded Platinum(II) Complexes of [alpha]
Covalently Bonded Platinum(II) Complexes of [alpha]

... are direct consequences of the steric and electronic environment around the observed nuclei, and different values are therefore usually obtained, depending on the R group attached to the organometallic site. Thus, peptide functionalization with these complexes provides a biomarker not only for bioch ...
3: Haloalkanes, Alcohols, Ethers, and Amines
3: Haloalkanes, Alcohols, Ethers, and Amines

... The relative magnitudes of these electronegativity differences reflect the relative magnitudes of the polarity of each bond. The negative (-) electronegativity difference for a C-H bond suggests that C is (δ-) while H is (δ+), however the magnitude of the electronegativity difference is so small tha ...
[ Care and Use ManUal ] Pico•Tag column for free amino
[ Care and Use ManUal ] Pico•Tag column for free amino

... depending on the equipment used, test sample makeup and equipment set- ...
Access of the substrate to the active site of squalene and
Access of the substrate to the active site of squalene and

... human OSC should be considered both as the conclusion of 50 years of history, since it permits the mechanism of the first enzymatic oxidosqualene cyclization to be explored at the molecular level, and as the beginning of new research projects based on predicting the structures of all OSCs cloned thu ...
ANAPHYLAXIS IN CHOPPED GUINEA PIG LUNG II
ANAPHYLAXIS IN CHOPPED GUINEA PIG LUNG II

... lung was observed by Mongar and Schild (8). The finding that decanoic acid was a more potent inhibitor than caproic acid prompted us to study the straight chain fatty acids from two to twelve carbons in length. Since the longer ones, undecanoic and dodecanoic, produced visible flocculation when thei ...
TNT SP6 High-Yield Wheat Germ Protein Expression System
TNT SP6 High-Yield Wheat Germ Protein Expression System

... added to the reaction can be increased to as much as 4µl to allow more sensitive detection of proteins that contain few lysines or are poorly expressed. Promega Corporation · 2800 Woods Hollow Road · Madison, WI 53711-5399 USA Toll Free in USA 800-356-9526 · Phone 608-274-4330 · Fax 608-277-2516 · w ...
Phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance studies of intracellular
Phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance studies of intracellular

... when sugarphosphate levels were high while it regained its original intensity after sugar consumption (see below); b) when glycolysis was inhibited by iodoacetate, glucose addition led to accumulation of sugar phosphates (mainly fructose-l,6-bisphosphate) and complete depletion of Pi,o, leaving the ...
On the nature and ecological functions of soil soluble organic
On the nature and ecological functions of soil soluble organic

... 2003, Zhu & Carreiro 2004, Chen et al. 2005a, b). In temperate forest ecosystems, concentrations of SON extracted by various methods from surface soils (0–15 cm) generally ranged from 6.5 to 16.3 mg kg–1 (Hannam & Prescott 2003, Zhong & Makeschin 2003, Zhu & Carreiro 2004). Our recent studies have a ...
MCAD - MSOE Center for BioMolecular Modeling
MCAD - MSOE Center for BioMolecular Modeling

... Medim Chain Acyl-Coenzmye A dehydrogenase (MCAD) Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide (FAD) Electron Transferring Flavoprotein (ETF) Enzymes catalyzes the rate of reaction Multiple Intermolecular Interactions ...
Logistic regression models to predict solvent accessible residues
Logistic regression models to predict solvent accessible residues

... models on test data. Logistic models are one method that should be explored in the context of protein topology, easily incorporating the corresponding quantitative and qualitative descriptors. Logistic regression models have proven to be an adaptable choice for binary classification problems in fiel ...
Polyclonal Anti-Collagen Type I
Polyclonal Anti-Collagen Type I

... glycoprotein that is essential for the in vitro proliferation and differentiation of precursor cells into mature granulocytes and macrophages. The human cDNA clones contain a single open-reading frame encoding a protein of 144 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of 16,293 daltons and show 69 ...
Tetracyclines
Tetracyclines

... 12. Which of the following groups at C4 gives inactive compound (H, OH, CH3)? 13. Why doxycycline is more acid stable than tetracycline? 14. Why doxycycline is taken twice daily while tetracycline is taken 4 times daily? 15. Why the administration of chlortetracycline is causing photoxicity upon exp ...
Chapter 4 Aqueous Reactions and Solution Stoichiometry
Chapter 4 Aqueous Reactions and Solution Stoichiometry

... Separate the reactions into oxidation and reduction processes Work with one (ox or red) first Balance number of non-oxygen, non-hydrogen atoms first. Then balance oxygen with water Then balance hydrogen with H+ Then balance charge with electrons. Then balance other half-reaction using steps 3 throug ...
Document
Document

Theoretical studies on pyridoxal 5’-phosphate- catalyzed reactions of biological relevance 2014
Theoretical studies on pyridoxal 5’-phosphate- catalyzed reactions of biological relevance 2014

... amongst others. After the formation of a Schiff base between PLP and the amino acid substrate, the mentioned reactions are favored by stabilization of a common carbanion species in the transition state. All the PLP-catalyzed reactions entail, at least, one step in which the Cα carbon of the amino ac ...
Chapter 4 Student Notes
Chapter 4 Student Notes

... They are completely ionized in solution. Strong bases include: Group 1A metal hydroxides, Ca(OH)2, Ba(OH)2, and Sr(OH)2. Strong acids include: HCl, HBr, HI, HClO3, HClO4, H2SO4, and HNO3. We write the ionization of HCl as: o HCl  H1+ + Cl1- ...
as a PDF
as a PDF

... PhoP/PhoR, have been identified. The catabolite control protein CcpA controls expression of glycolytic genes and tricarboxylic acid cycle and respiratory chain enzymes, while PhoP/ PhoR controls the ArcA/ArcB analogs (called ResE/ResD) (3, 54). In L. lactis, an FNR homologue and two-component system ...
Small decrease of plastid transketolase activity in
Small decrease of plastid transketolase activity in

... produces erythrose-4-phosphate, which is a precursor for the shikimate pathway leading to phenylpropanoid metabolism. To investigate the consequences of decreased TK expression for primary and secondary metabolism, we transformed tobacco with a construct containing an antisense TK sequence. The resu ...
Chromatography
Chromatography

... that includes amino acids , mono & disaccharides , neutral lipids , phospholipids , cholesterol easters , carotenoids , etc  It is used for the clarification of sugar as the sugar is decolorized by treating sugar solution with charcoal powder . The latter adsorbs the undesirable colors present .  ...
The Lamin B Receptor of the Nuclear Envelope Inner Membrane: A
The Lamin B Receptor of the Nuclear Envelope Inner Membrane: A

... (43). Because avian erythrocytes contain few other intracellular membranes, it could not be ruled out that, in cells with a more complex network of intracellular membranes, p58 might also be located elsewhere than in the inner nuclear membrane. To address this question, we fractionated a chicken liv ...
Time course of differential mitochondrial energy metabolism
Time course of differential mitochondrial energy metabolism

... E-mail address: [email protected] (F. Sztark). ...
Carbon Metabolism in Spores of the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus
Carbon Metabolism in Spores of the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus

... colonize the roots of over 80% of plants in all terrestrial environments. Understanding why AM fungi do not complete their life cycle under free-living conditions has significant implications for the management of one of the world’s most important symbioses. We used 13C-labeled substrates and nuclea ...
Curriculum Vitae
Curriculum Vitae

... • Extrapolation of DMPK profiles between animal species and from in vitro to in vivo systems (IVIVE). • Characterize the formation of reactive metabolites and the resulting adducts formation and irreversible/covalent protein binding in vivo and in vitro using trapping agents. • Characterize the kine ...
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Biochemistry



Biochemistry, sometimes called biological chemistry, is the study of chemical processes within and relating to living organisms. By controlling information flow through biochemical signaling and the flow of chemical energy through metabolism, biochemical processes give rise to the complexity of life. Over the last decades of the 20th century, biochemistry has become so successful at explaining living processes that now almost all areas of the life sciences from botany to medicine to genetics are engaged in biochemical research. Today, the main focus of pure biochemistry is in understanding how biological molecules give rise to the processes that occur within living cells, which in turn relates greatly to the study and understanding of whole organisms.Biochemistry is closely related to molecular biology, the study of the molecular mechanisms by which genetic information encoded in DNA is able to result in the processes of life. Depending on the exact definition of the terms used, molecular biology can be thought of as a branch of biochemistry, or biochemistry as a tool with which to investigate and study molecular biology.Much of biochemistry deals with the structures, functions and interactions of biological macromolecules, such as proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates and lipids, which provide the structure of cells and perform many of the functions associated with life. The chemistry of the cell also depends on the reactions of smaller molecules and ions. These can be inorganic, for example water and metal ions, or organic, for example the amino acids which are used to synthesize proteins. The mechanisms by which cells harness energy from their environment via chemical reactions are known as metabolism. The findings of biochemistry are applied primarily in medicine, nutrition, and agriculture. In medicine, biochemists investigate the causes and cures of disease. In nutrition, they study how to maintain health and study the effects of nutritional deficiencies. In agriculture, biochemists investigate soil and fertilizers, and try to discover ways to improve crop cultivation, crop storage and pest control.
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